# Copyright 2012 OpenStack Foundation
# All Rights Reserved.
#
#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
#    a copy of the License at
#
#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
#    under the License.

import hashlib
import os
import subprocess
import tempfile
import time
import uuid

import fixtures
from oslo_limit import exception as ol_exc
from oslo_serialization import jsonutils
from oslo_utils.secretutils import md5
from oslo_utils import units
import requests
import six
from six.moves import http_client as http
# NOTE(jokke): simplified transition to py3, behaves like py2 xrange
from six.moves import range
from six.moves import urllib

from glance.quota import keystone as ks_quota
from glance.tests import functional
from glance.tests.functional import ft_utils as func_utils
from glance.tests import utils as test_utils


TENANT1 = str(uuid.uuid4())
TENANT2 = str(uuid.uuid4())
TENANT3 = str(uuid.uuid4())
TENANT4 = str(uuid.uuid4())


def get_auth_header(tenant, tenant_id=None,
                    role='reader,member', headers=None):
    """Return headers to authenticate as a specific tenant.

    :param tenant: Tenant for the auth token
    :param tenant_id: Optional tenant ID for the X-Tenant-Id header
    :param role: Optional user role
    :param headers: Optional list of headers to add to
    """
    if not headers:
        headers = {}
    auth_token = 'user:%s:%s' % (tenant, role)
    headers.update({'X-Auth-Token': auth_token})
    if tenant_id:
        headers.update({'X-Tenant-Id': tenant_id})
    return headers


class TestImages(functional.FunctionalTest):

    def setUp(self):
        super(TestImages, self).setUp()
        self.cleanup()
        self.include_scrubber = False
        self.api_server.deployment_flavor = 'noauth'
        for i in range(3):
            ret = test_utils.start_http_server("foo_image_id%d" % i,
                                               "foo_image%d" % i)
            setattr(self, 'http_server%d' % i, ret[1])
            setattr(self, 'http_port%d' % i, ret[2])
        self.api_server.send_identity_credentials = True

    def tearDown(self):
        for i in range(3):
            httpd = getattr(self, 'http_server%d' % i, None)
            if httpd:
                httpd.shutdown()
                httpd.server_close()

        super(TestImages, self).tearDown()

    def _headers(self, custom_headers=None):
        base_headers = {
            'X-Identity-Status': 'Confirmed',
            'X-Auth-Token': '932c5c84-02ac-4fe5-a9ba-620af0e2bb96',
            'X-User-Id': 'f9a41d13-0c13-47e9-bee2-ce4e8bfe958e',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
            'X-Roles': 'reader,member',
        }
        base_headers.update(custom_headers or {})
        return base_headers

    def test_image_import_using_glance_direct(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # glance-direct should be available in discovery response
        path = self._url('/v2/info/import')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['import-methods']['value']
        self.assertIn("glance-direct", discovery_calls)

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Upload some image data to staging area
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/stage' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        image_data = b'ZZZZZ'
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=image_data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in uploading state, hashes are None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id,
                                                  size=len(image_data),
                                                  status='uploading')

        # Import image to store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin',
        })
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'method': {
            'name': 'glance-direct'
        }})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=10,
                                   delay_sec=0.2)
        expect_c = six.text_type(md5(image_data,
                                     usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
        expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(image_data).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(image_data),
                                                  status='active')

        # Ensure the size is updated to reflect the data uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual(5, jsonutils.loads(response.text)['size'])

        # Deleting image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_import_using_web_download(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # web-download should be available in discovery response
        path = self._url('/v2/info/import')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['import-methods']['value']
        self.assertIn("web-download", discovery_calls)

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Verify image is in queued state and hashes are None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  status='queued')

        # Import image to store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin',
        })

        # Start http server locally
        thread, httpd, port = test_utils.start_standalone_http_server()

        image_data_uri = 'http://localhost:%s/' % port
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'method': {
            'name': 'web-download',
            'uri': image_data_uri
        }})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=20,
                                   delay_sec=0.2,
                                   start_delay_sec=1)
        with requests.get(image_data_uri) as r:
            expect_c = six.text_type(md5(r.content,
                                         usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
            expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(r.content).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(r.content),
                                                  status='active')

        # kill the local http server
        httpd.shutdown()
        httpd.server_close()

        # Deleting image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_lifecycle(self):
        # Image list should be empty
        self.api_server.show_multiple_locations = True
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Create an image (with two deployer-defined properties)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'foo': 'bar', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki', 'abc': 'xyz',
                                'protected': True})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image_location_header = response.headers['Location']

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'foo',
            u'abc',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'locations',
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': True,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'foo': 'bar',
            'abc': 'xyz',
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Create another image (with two deployer-defined properties)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-2', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'bar': 'foo', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki', 'xyz': 'abc'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image2_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'bar',
            u'xyz',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'locations',
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-2',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image2_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image2_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'bar': 'foo',
            'xyz': 'abc',
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have two entries
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(2, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image2_id, images[0]['id'])
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[1]['id'])

        # Image list should list only image-2 as image-1 doesn't contain the
        # property 'bar'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?bar=foo')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image2_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Image list should list only image-1 as image-2 doesn't contain the
        # property 'foo'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?foo=bar')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # The "changes-since" filter shouldn't work on glance v2
        path = self._url('/v2/images?changes-since=20001007T10:10:10')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        path = self._url('/v2/images?changes-since=aaa')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Image list should list only image-1 based on the filter
        # 'protected=true'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?protected=true')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Image list should list only image-2 based on the filter
        # 'protected=false'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?protected=false')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image2_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Image list should return 400 based on the filter
        # 'protected=False'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?protected=False')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Image list should list only image-1 based on the filter
        # 'foo=bar&abc=xyz'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?foo=bar&abc=xyz')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Image list should list only image-2 based on the filter
        # 'bar=foo&xyz=abc'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?bar=foo&xyz=abc')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image2_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Image list should not list anything as the filter 'foo=baz&abc=xyz'
        # is not satisfied by either images
        path = self._url('/v2/images?foo=baz&abc=xyz')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Get the image using the returned Location header
        response = requests.get(image_location_header, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(image_id, image['id'])
        self.assertIsNone(image['checksum'])
        self.assertIsNone(image['size'])
        self.assertIsNone(image['virtual_size'])
        self.assertEqual('bar', image['foo'])
        self.assertTrue(image['protected'])
        self.assertEqual('kernel', image['type'])
        self.assertTrue(image['created_at'])
        self.assertTrue(image['updated_at'])
        self.assertEqual(image['updated_at'], image['created_at'])

        # The URI file:// should return a 400 rather than a 500
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        url = ('file://')
        changes = [{
            'op': 'add',
            'path': '/locations/-',
            'value': {
                'url': url,
                'metadata': {}
            }
        }]

        data = jsonutils.dumps(changes)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code, response.text)

        # The image should be mutable, including adding and removing properties
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/name', 'value': 'image-2'},
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/disk_format', 'value': 'vhd'},
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/container_format', 'value': 'ami'},
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/foo', 'value': 'baz'},
            {'op': 'add', 'path': '/ping', 'value': 'pong'},
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/protected', 'value': True},
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/type'},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Returned image entity should reflect the changes
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('image-2', image['name'])
        self.assertEqual('vhd', image['disk_format'])
        self.assertEqual('baz', image['foo'])
        self.assertEqual('pong', image['ping'])
        self.assertTrue(image['protected'])
        self.assertNotIn('type', image, response.text)

        # Adding 11 image properties should fail since configured limit is 10
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        changes = []
        for i in range(11):
            changes.append({'op': 'add',
                            'path': '/ping%i' % i,
                            'value': 'pong'})

        data = jsonutils.dumps(changes)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE, response.status_code,
                         response.text)

        # Adding 3 image locations should fail since configured limit is 2
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        changes = []
        for i in range(3):
            url = ('http://127.0.0.1:%s/foo_image' %
                   getattr(self, 'http_port%d' % i))
            changes.append({'op': 'add', 'path': '/locations/-',
                            'value': {'url': url, 'metadata': {}},
                            })

        data = jsonutils.dumps(changes)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE, response.status_code,
                         response.text)

        # Ensure the v2.0 json-patch content type is accepted
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.0-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([{'add': '/ding', 'value': 'dong'}])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Returned image entity should reflect the changes
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('dong', image['ding'])

        # Updates should persist across requests
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(image_id, image['id'])
        self.assertEqual('image-2', image['name'])
        self.assertEqual('baz', image['foo'])
        self.assertEqual('pong', image['ping'])
        self.assertTrue(image['protected'])
        self.assertNotIn('type', image, response.text)

        # Try to download data before its uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers()
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Upload some image data
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        image_data = b'ZZZZZ'
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=image_data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        expect_c = six.text_type(md5(image_data,
                                     usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
        expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(image_data).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id, expect_c,
                                                  expect_h, 'active',
                                                  size=len(image_data))

        # `disk_format` and `container_format` cannot
        # be replaced when the image is active.
        immutable_paths = ['/disk_format', '/container_format']
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        for immutable_path in immutable_paths:
            data = jsonutils.dumps([
                {'op': 'replace', 'path': immutable_path, 'value': 'ari'},
            ])
            response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Try to download the data that was just uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual(expect_c, response.headers['Content-MD5'])
        self.assertEqual('ZZZZZ', response.text)

        # Uploading duplicate data should be rejected with a 409. The
        # original data should remain untouched.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data='XXX')
        self.assertEqual(http.CONFLICT, response.status_code)
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id, expect_c,
                                                  expect_h, 'active',
                                                  size=len(image_data))

        # Ensure the size is updated to reflect the data uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual(5, jsonutils.loads(response.text)['size'])

        # Should be able to deactivate image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/actions/deactivate' % image_id)
        response = requests.post(path, data={}, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Change the image to public so TENANT2 can see it
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.0-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([{"replace": "/visibility", "value": "public"}])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Tenant2 should get Forbidden when deactivating the public image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/actions/deactivate' % image_id)
        response = requests.post(path, data={}, headers=self._headers(
            {'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT2}))
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Tenant2 should get Forbidden when reactivating the public image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/actions/reactivate' % image_id)
        response = requests.post(path, data={}, headers=self._headers(
            {'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT2}))
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Deactivating a deactivated image succeeds (no-op)
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/actions/deactivate' % image_id)
        response = requests.post(path, data={}, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Can't download a deactivated image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Deactivated image should still be in a listing
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(2, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image2_id, images[0]['id'])
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[1]['id'])

        # Should be able to reactivate a deactivated image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/actions/reactivate' % image_id)
        response = requests.post(path, data={}, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Reactivating an active image succeeds (no-op)
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/actions/reactivate' % image_id)
        response = requests.post(path, data={}, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Deletion should not work on protected images
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Unprotect image for deletion
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        doc = [{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/protected', 'value': False}]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Deletion should work. Deleting image-1
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # This image should be no longer be directly accessible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # And neither should its data
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers()
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now contain just image-2
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image2_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Deleting image-2 should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image2_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Create image that tries to send True should return 400
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = 'true'
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Create image that tries to send a string should return 400
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = '"hello"'
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Create image that tries to send 123 should return 400
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = '123'
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def _create_qcow(self, size):
        fn = tempfile.mktemp(prefix='glance-unittest-images-',
                             suffix='.qcow')
        subprocess.check_output(
            'qemu-img create -f qcow %s %i' % (fn, size),
            shell=True)
        return fn

    def test_image_upload_qcow_virtual_size_calculation(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Create an image
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'myqcow', 'disk_format': 'qcow2',
                                'container_format': 'bare'})
        response = requests.post(self._url('/v2/images'),
                                 headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code,
                         'Failed to create: %s' % response.text)
        image = response.json()

        # Upload a qcow
        fn = self._create_qcow(128 * units.Mi)
        raw_size = os.path.getsize(fn)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image['id']),
                                headers=headers,
                                data=open(fn, 'rb').read())
        os.remove(fn)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Check the image attributes
        response = requests.get(self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image['id']),
                                headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = response.json()
        self.assertEqual(128 * units.Mi, image['virtual_size'])
        self.assertEqual(raw_size, image['size'])

    def test_image_import_qcow_virtual_size_calculation(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Create an image
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'myqcow', 'disk_format': 'qcow2',
                                'container_format': 'bare'})
        response = requests.post(self._url('/v2/images'),
                                 headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code,
                         'Failed to create: %s' % response.text)
        image = response.json()

        # Stage a qcow
        fn = self._create_qcow(128 * units.Mi)
        raw_size = os.path.getsize(fn)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(self._url('/v2/images/%s/stage' % image['id']),
                                headers=headers,
                                data=open(fn, 'rb').read())
        os.remove(fn)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in uploading state and checksum is None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image['id'],
                                                  status='uploading',
                                                  size=raw_size)

        # Import image to store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image['id'])
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin',
        })
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'method': {
            'name': 'glance-direct'
        }})
        response = requests.post(
            self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image['id']),
            headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image['id'])
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=15,
                                   delay_sec=0.2)

        # Check the image attributes
        response = requests.get(self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image['id']),
                                headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = response.json()
        self.assertEqual(128 * units.Mi, image['virtual_size'])
        self.assertEqual(raw_size, image['size'])

    def test_hidden_images(self):
        # Image list should be empty
        self.api_server.show_multiple_locations = True
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki',
                                'protected': False})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'locations',
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))

        # Returned image entity should have os_hidden as False
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'os_hidden': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Create another image wiht hidden true
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-2', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki',
                                'os_hidden': True})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image2_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'locations',
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))

        # Returned image entity should have os_hidden as True
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-2',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image2_id,
            'protected': False,
            'os_hidden': True,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image2_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entries
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Image list should list should show one image based on the filter
        # 'hidden=false'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?os_hidden=false')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Image list should list should show one image based on the filter
        # 'hidden=true'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?os_hidden=true')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image2_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Image list should return 400 based on the filter
        # 'hidden=abcd'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?os_hidden=abcd')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Upload some image data to image-1
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        image_data = b'ZZZZZ'
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=image_data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)
        expect_c = six.text_type(md5(image_data,
                                     usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
        expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(image_data).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  expect_c,
                                                  expect_h,
                                                  size=len(image_data),
                                                  status='active')
        # Upload some image data to image-2
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image2_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        image_data = b'WWWWW'
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=image_data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)
        expect_c = six.text_type(md5(image_data,
                                     usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
        expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(image_data).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image2_id,
                                                  expect_c,
                                                  expect_h,
                                                  size=len(image_data),
                                                  status='active')
        # Hide image-1
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/os_hidden', 'value': True},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Returned image entity should reflect the changes
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertTrue(image['os_hidden'])

        # Image list should now have 0 entries
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Image list should list should show image-1, and image-2 based
        # on the filter 'hidden=true'
        path = self._url('/v2/images?os_hidden=true')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(2, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image2_id, images[0]['id'])
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[1]['id'])

        # Un-Hide image-1
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/os_hidden', 'value': False},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Returned image entity should reflect the changes
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertFalse(image['os_hidden'])

        # Image list should now have 1 entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Deleting image-1 should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Deleting image-2 should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image2_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_update_readonly_prop(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        # Create an image (with two deployer-defined properties)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)

        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})

        props = ['/id', '/file', '/location', '/schema', '/self']

        for prop in props:
            doc = [{'op': 'replace',
                    'path': prop,
                    'value': 'value1'}]
            data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
            response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        for prop in props:
            doc = [{'op': 'remove',
                    'path': prop,
                    'value': 'value1'}]
            data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
            response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        for prop in props:
            doc = [{'op': 'add',
                    'path': prop,
                    'value': 'value1'}]
            data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
            response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_methods_that_dont_accept_illegal_bodies(self):
        # Check images can be reached
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # Test all the schemas
        schema_urls = [
            '/v2/schemas/images',
            '/v2/schemas/image',
            '/v2/schemas/members',
            '/v2/schemas/member',
        ]
        for value in schema_urls:
            path = self._url(value)
            data = jsonutils.dumps(["body"])
            response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers(), data=data)
            self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Create image for use with tests
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        test_urls = [
            ('/v2/images/%s', 'get'),
            ('/v2/images/%s/actions/deactivate', 'post'),
            ('/v2/images/%s/actions/reactivate', 'post'),
            ('/v2/images/%s/tags/mytag', 'put'),
            ('/v2/images/%s/tags/mytag', 'delete'),
            ('/v2/images/%s/members', 'get'),
            ('/v2/images/%s/file', 'get'),
            ('/v2/images/%s', 'delete'),
        ]

        for link, method in test_urls:
            path = self._url(link % image_id)
            data = jsonutils.dumps(["body"])
            response = getattr(requests, method)(
                path, headers=self._headers(), data=data)
            self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # DELETE /images/imgid without legal json
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        data = '{"hello"]'
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers(), data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # POST /images/imgid/members
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_id)
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT3})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=self._headers(), data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # GET /images/imgid/members/memid
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_id, TENANT3))
        data = jsonutils.dumps(["body"])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers(), data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # DELETE /images/imgid/members/memid
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_id, TENANT3))
        data = jsonutils.dumps(["body"])
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers(), data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_download_random_access_w_range_request(self):
        """
        Test partial download 'Range' requests for images (random image access)
        """
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        # Create an image (with two deployer-defined properties)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-2', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'bar': 'foo', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki', 'xyz': 'abc'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Upload data to image
        image_data = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=image_data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # test for success on satisfiable Range request.
        range_ = 'bytes=3-10'
        headers = self._headers({'Range': range_})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.PARTIAL_CONTENT, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual('DEFGHIJK', response.text)

        # test for failure on unsatisfiable Range request.
        range_ = 'bytes=10-5'
        headers = self._headers({'Range': range_})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE,
                         response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_download_random_access_w_content_range(self):
        """
        Even though Content-Range is incorrect on requests, we support it
        for backward compatibility with clients written for pre-Pike Glance.
        The following test is for 'Content-Range' requests, which we have
        to ensure that we prevent regression.
        """
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        # Create another image (with two deployer-defined properties)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-2', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'bar': 'foo', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki', 'xyz': 'abc'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Upload data to image
        image_data = 'Z' * 15
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=image_data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        result_body = ''
        for x in range(15):
            # NOTE(flaper87): Read just 1 byte. Content-Range is
            # 0-indexed and it specifies the first byte to read
            # and the last byte to read.
            content_range = 'bytes %s-%s/15' % (x, x)
            headers = self._headers({'Content-Range': content_range})
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
            response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
            self.assertEqual(http.PARTIAL_CONTENT, response.status_code)
            result_body += response.text

        self.assertEqual(result_body, image_data)

        # test for failure on unsatisfiable request for ContentRange.
        content_range = 'bytes 3-16/15'
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Range': content_range})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE,
                         response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_download_policy_when_cache_is_not_enabled(self):

        rules = {'context_is_admin': 'role:admin',
                 'default': '',
                 'add_image': '',
                 'get_image': '',
                 'modify_image': '',
                 'upload_image': '',
                 'delete_image': '',
                 'download_image': '!'}
        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in six.iteritems(expected_image):
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Upload data to image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data='ZZZZZ')
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Get an image should fail
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Image Deletion should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # This image should be no longer be directly accessible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_download_image_not_allowed_using_restricted_policy(self):

        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "get_image": "",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted":
            "not ('aki':%(container_format)s and role:_member_)",
            "download_image": "role:admin or rule:restricted"
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }

        for key, value in six.iteritems(expected_image):
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Upload data to image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data='ZZZZZ')
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Get an image should fail
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream',
                                 'X-Roles': '_member_'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Image Deletion should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # This image should be no longer be directly accessible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_download_image_allowed_using_restricted_policy(self):

        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "get_image": "",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted":
            "not ('aki':%(container_format)s and role:_member_)",
            "download_image": "role:admin or rule:restricted"
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }

        for key, value in six.iteritems(expected_image):
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Upload data to image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data='ZZZZZ')
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Get an image should be allowed
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # Image Deletion should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # This image should be no longer be directly accessible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_download_image_raises_service_unavailable(self):
        """Test image download returns HTTPServiceUnavailable."""
        self.api_server.show_multiple_locations = True
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get image id
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Update image locations via PATCH
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        thread, httpd, http_port = test_utils.start_http_server(image_id,
                                                                "image-1")
        values = [{'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:%s/image-1' % http_port,
                   'metadata': {'idx': '0'}}]
        doc = [{'op': 'replace',
                'path': '/locations',
                'value': values}]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # Download an image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # Stop http server used to update image location
        httpd.shutdown()
        httpd.server_close()

        # Download an image should raise HTTPServiceUnavailable
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, response.status_code)

        # Image Deletion should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # This image should be no longer be directly accessible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_modification_works_for_owning_tenant_id(self):
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "get_image": "",
            "modify_image": "project_id:%(owner)s",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted":
            "not ('aki':%(container_format)s and role:_member_)",
            "download_image": "role:admin or rule:restricted"
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get the image's ID
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers['content-type'] = media_type
        del headers['X-Roles']
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/name', 'value': 'new-name'},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_modification_fails_on_mismatched_tenant_ids(self):
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "get_image": "",
            "modify_image": "'A-Fake-Tenant-Id':%(owner)s",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted":
            "not ('aki':%(container_format)s and role:_member_)",
            "download_image": "role:admin or rule:restricted"
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get the image's ID
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers['content-type'] = media_type
        del headers['X-Roles']
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/name', 'value': 'new-name'},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_member_additions_works_for_owning_tenant_id(self):
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "get_image": "",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted":
            "not ('aki':%(container_format)s and role:_member_)",
            "download_image": "role:admin or rule:restricted",
            "add_member": "project_id:%(owner)s",
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get the image's ID
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Get the image's members resource
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_id)
        body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT3})
        del headers['X-Roles']
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_additions_works_only_for_specific_tenant_id(self):
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "'{0}':%(owner)s".format(TENANT1),
            "get_image": "",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted":
            "not ('aki':%(container_format)s and role:_member_)",
            "download_image": "role:admin or rule:restricted",
            "add_member": "",
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin', 'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        headers['X-Tenant-Id'] = TENANT2
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_owning_tenant_id_can_retrieve_image_information(self):
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "get_image": "project_id:%(owner)s",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted":
            "not ('aki':%(container_format)s and role:_member_)",
            "download_image": "role:admin or rule:restricted",
            "add_member": "",
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin', 'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Replace the admin role with reader and member
        headers['X-Roles'] = 'reader,member'
        # Get the image's ID
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Can retrieve the image as TENANT1
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # Can retrieve the image's members as TENANT1
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        headers['X-Tenant-Id'] = TENANT2
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_owning_tenant_can_publicize_image(self):
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "publicize_image": "project_id:%(owner)s",
            "get_image": "project_id:%(owner)s",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted":
            "not ('aki':%(container_format)s and role:_member_)",
            "download_image": "role:admin or rule:restricted",
            "add_member": "",
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin', 'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get the image's ID
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'Content-Type': 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
        })
        doc = [{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/visibility', 'value': 'public'}]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

    def test_owning_tenant_can_communitize_image(self):
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "communitize_image": "project_id:%(owner)s",
            "get_image": "project_id:%(owner)s",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted":
            "not ('aki':%(container_format)s and role:_member_)",
            "download_image": "role:admin or rule:restricted",
            "add_member": "",
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin', 'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(201, response.status_code)

        # Get the image's ID
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'Content-Type': 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
        })
        doc = [{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/visibility', 'value': 'community'}]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(200, response.status_code)

    def test_owning_tenant_can_delete_image(self):
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "publicize_image": "project_id:%(owner)s",
            "get_image": "project_id:%(owner)s",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted":
            "not ('aki':%(container_format)s and role:_member_)",
            "download_image": "role:admin or rule:restricted",
            "add_member": "",
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin', 'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get the image's ID
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

    def test_list_show_ok_when_get_location_allowed_for_admins(self):
        self.api_server.show_image_direct_url = True
        self.api_server.show_multiple_locations = True
        # setup context to allow a list locations by admin only
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "get_image": "",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "role:admin",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted": "",
            "download_image": "",
            "add_member": "",
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get the image's ID
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Can retrieve the image as TENANT1
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # Can list images as TENANT1
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_size_cap(self):
        self.api_server.image_size_cap = 128
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        # create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-size-cap-test-image',
                                'type': 'kernel', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # try to populate it with oversized data
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})

        class StreamSim(object):
            # Using a one-shot iterator to force chunked transfer in the PUT
            # request
            def __init__(self, size):
                self.size = size

            def __iter__(self):
                yield b'Z' * self.size

        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=StreamSim(
                                self.api_server.image_size_cap + 1))
        self.assertEqual(http.REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE, response.status_code)

        # hashlib.md5('Z'*129).hexdigest()
        #     == '76522d28cb4418f12704dfa7acd6e7ee'
        # If the image has this checksum, it means that the whole stream was
        # accepted and written to the store, which should not be the case.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/{0}'.format(image_id))
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        image_checksum = jsonutils.loads(response.text).get('checksum')
        self.assertNotEqual(image_checksum, '76522d28cb4418f12704dfa7acd6e7ee')

    def test_permissions(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        # Create an image that belongs to TENANT1
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'raw',
                                'container_format': 'bare'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image_id = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['id']

        # Upload some image data
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data='ZZZZZ')
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # TENANT1 should see the image in their list
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # TENANT1 should be able to access the image directly
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # TENANT2 should not see the image in their list
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT2})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # TENANT2 should not be able to access the image directly
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT2})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # TENANT2 should not be able to modify the image, either
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'Content-Type': 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT2,
        })
        doc = [{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/name', 'value': 'image-2'}]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # TENANT2 should not be able to delete the image, either
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT2})
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # Publicize the image as an admin of TENANT1
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'Content-Type': 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch',
            'X-Roles': 'admin',
        })
        doc = [{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/visibility', 'value': 'public'}]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # TENANT3 should now see the image in their list
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT3})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # TENANT3 should also be able to access the image directly
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT3})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # TENANT3 still should not be able to modify the image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'Content-Type': 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT3,
        })
        doc = [{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/name', 'value': 'image-2'}]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # TENANT3 should not be able to delete the image, either
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT3})
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Image data should still be present after the failed delete
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual(response.text, 'ZZZZZ')

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_property_protections_with_roles(self):
        # Enable property protection
        self.api_server.property_protection_file = self.property_file_roles
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Create an image for role member with extra props
        # Raises 403 since user is not allowed to set 'foo'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'foo': 'bar',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki',
                                'x_owner_foo': 'o_s_bar'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Create an image for role member without 'foo'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki',
                                'x_owner_foo': 'o_s_bar'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity should have 'x_owner_foo'
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'x_owner_foo': 'o_s_bar',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Create an image for role spl_role with extra props
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,spl_role'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki',
                                'spl_create_prop': 'create_bar',
                                'spl_create_prop_policy': 'create_policy_bar',
                                'spl_read_prop': 'read_bar',
                                'spl_update_prop': 'update_bar',
                                'spl_delete_prop': 'delete_bar',
                                'spl_delete_empty_prop': ''})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Attempt to replace, add and remove properties which are forbidden
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,spl_role'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/spl_read_prop', 'value': 'r'},
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/spl_update_prop', 'value': 'u'},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Attempt to replace, add and remove properties which are forbidden
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,spl_role'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'add', 'path': '/spl_new_prop', 'value': 'new'},
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/spl_create_prop'},
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/spl_delete_prop'},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Attempt to replace properties
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,spl_role'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            # Updating an empty property to verify bug #1332103.
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/spl_update_prop', 'value': ''},
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/spl_update_prop', 'value': 'u'},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Returned image entity should reflect the changes
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)

        # 'spl_update_prop' has update permission for spl_role
        # hence the value has changed
        self.assertEqual('u', image['spl_update_prop'])

        # Attempt to remove properties
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,spl_role'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/spl_delete_prop'},
            # Deleting an empty property to verify bug #1332103.
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/spl_delete_empty_prop'},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Returned image entity should reflect the changes
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)

        # 'spl_delete_prop' and 'spl_delete_empty_prop' have delete
        # permission for spl_role hence the property has been deleted
        self.assertNotIn('spl_delete_prop', image.keys())
        self.assertNotIn('spl_delete_empty_prop', image.keys())

        # Image Deletion should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # This image should be no longer be directly accessible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_property_protections_with_policies(self):
        # Enable property protection
        rules = {
            "glance_creator": "role:admin or role:spl_role"
        }
        self.set_policy_rules(rules)
        self.api_server.property_protection_file = self.property_file_policies
        self.api_server.property_protection_rule_format = 'policies'
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Create an image for role member with extra props
        # Raises 403 since user is not allowed to set 'foo'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'foo': 'bar',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki',
                                'x_owner_foo': 'o_s_bar'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Create an image for role member without 'foo'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Create an image for role spl_role with extra props
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,spl_role, admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki',
                                'spl_creator_policy': 'creator_bar',
                                'spl_default_policy': 'default_bar'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        self.assertEqual('creator_bar', image['spl_creator_policy'])
        self.assertEqual('default_bar', image['spl_default_policy'])

        # Attempt to replace a property which is permitted
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            # Updating an empty property to verify bug #1332103.
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/spl_creator_policy', 'value': ''},
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/spl_creator_policy', 'value': 'r'},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Returned image entity should reflect the changes
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)

        # 'spl_creator_policy' has update permission for admin
        # hence the value has changed
        self.assertEqual('r', image['spl_creator_policy'])

        # Attempt to replace a property which is forbidden
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,spl_role'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/spl_creator_policy', 'value': 'z'},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Attempt to read properties
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,random_role'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        # 'random_role' is allowed read 'spl_default_policy'.
        self.assertEqual(image['spl_default_policy'], 'default_bar')
        # 'random_role' is forbidden to read 'spl_creator_policy'.
        self.assertNotIn('spl_creator_policy', image)

        # Attempt to replace and remove properties which are permitted
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            # Deleting an empty property to verify bug #1332103.
            {'op': 'replace', 'path': '/spl_creator_policy', 'value': ''},
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/spl_creator_policy'},
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Returned image entity should reflect the changes
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)

        # 'spl_creator_policy' has delete permission for admin
        # hence the value has been deleted
        self.assertNotIn('spl_creator_policy', image)

        # Attempt to read a property that is permitted
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,random_role'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity should reflect the changes
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(image['spl_default_policy'], 'default_bar')

        # Image Deletion should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # This image should be no longer be directly accessible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_property_protections_special_chars_roles(self):
        # Enable property protection
        self.api_server.property_protection_file = self.property_file_roles
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Verify both admin and unknown role can create properties marked with
        # '@'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_all_permitted_admin': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'x_all_permitted_admin': '1',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_all_permitted_joe_soap': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'x_all_permitted_joe_soap': '1',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Verify both admin and unknown role can read properties marked with
        # '@'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('1', image['x_all_permitted_joe_soap'])
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('1', image['x_all_permitted_joe_soap'])

        # Verify both admin and unknown role can update properties marked with
        # '@'
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace',
             'path': '/x_all_permitted_joe_soap', 'value': '2'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('2', image['x_all_permitted_joe_soap'])
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace',
             'path': '/x_all_permitted_joe_soap', 'value': '3'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('3', image['x_all_permitted_joe_soap'])

        # Verify both admin and unknown role can delete properties marked with
        # '@'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_all_permitted_a': '1',
            'x_all_permitted_b': '2'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/x_all_permitted_a'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertNotIn('x_all_permitted_a', image.keys())
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/x_all_permitted_b'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertNotIn('x_all_permitted_b', image.keys())

        # Verify neither admin nor unknown role can create a property protected
        # with '!'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_none_permitted_admin': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_none_permitted_joe_soap': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Verify neither admin nor unknown role can read properties marked with
        # '!'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_none_read': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        self.assertNotIn('x_none_read', image.keys())
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertNotIn('x_none_read', image.keys())
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertNotIn('x_none_read', image.keys())

        # Verify neither admin nor unknown role can update properties marked
        # with '!'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_none_update': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        self.assertEqual('1', image['x_none_update'])
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace',
             'path': '/x_none_update', 'value': '2'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code, response.text)
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace',
             'path': '/x_none_update', 'value': '3'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        # FIXME(danms): This was expecting CONFLICT, but ... should it
        # not be the same as the admin case above?
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Verify neither admin nor unknown role can delete properties marked
        # with '!'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_none_delete': '1',
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/x_none_delete'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code, response.text)
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/x_none_delete'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        # FIXME(danms): This was expecting CONFLICT, but ... should it
        # not be the same as the admin case above?
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code, response.text)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_property_protections_special_chars_policies(self):
        # Enable property protection
        self.api_server.property_protection_file = self.property_file_policies
        self.api_server.property_protection_rule_format = 'policies'
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Verify both admin and unknown role can create properties marked with
        # '@'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_all_permitted_admin': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'x_all_permitted_admin': '1',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_all_permitted_joe_soap': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'x_all_permitted_joe_soap': '1',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Verify both admin and unknown role can read properties marked with
        # '@'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('1', image['x_all_permitted_joe_soap'])
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('1', image['x_all_permitted_joe_soap'])

        # Verify both admin and unknown role can update properties marked with
        # '@'
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace',
             'path': '/x_all_permitted_joe_soap', 'value': '2'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('2', image['x_all_permitted_joe_soap'])
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace',
             'path': '/x_all_permitted_joe_soap', 'value': '3'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('3', image['x_all_permitted_joe_soap'])

        # Verify both admin and unknown role can delete properties marked with
        # '@'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_all_permitted_a': '1',
            'x_all_permitted_b': '2'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/x_all_permitted_a'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertNotIn('x_all_permitted_a', image.keys())
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/x_all_permitted_b'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertNotIn('x_all_permitted_b', image.keys())

        # Verify neither admin nor unknown role can create a property protected
        # with '!'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_none_permitted_admin': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_none_permitted_joe_soap': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Verify neither admin nor unknown role can read properties marked with
        # '!'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_none_read': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        self.assertNotIn('x_none_read', image.keys())
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertNotIn('x_none_read', image.keys())
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertNotIn('x_none_read', image.keys())

        # Verify neither admin nor unknown role can update properties marked
        # with '!'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_none_update': '1'
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        self.assertEqual('1', image['x_none_update'])
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace',
             'path': '/x_none_update', 'value': '2'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code, response.text)
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'replace',
             'path': '/x_none_update', 'value': '3'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CONFLICT, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Verify neither admin nor unknown role can delete properties marked
        # with '!'
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({
            'name': 'image-1',
            'disk_format': 'aki',
            'container_format': 'aki',
            'x_none_delete': '1',
        })
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/x_none_delete'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code, response.text)
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type,
                                 'X-Roles': 'reader,member,joe_soap'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([
            {'op': 'remove', 'path': '/x_none_delete'}
        ])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CONFLICT, response.status_code, response.text)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_tag_lifecycle(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        # Create an image with a tag - duplicate should be ignored
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'tags': ['sniff', 'sniff']})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image_id = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['id']

        # Image should show a list with a single tag
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        tags = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['tags']
        self.assertEqual(['sniff'], tags)

        # Delete all tags
        for tag in tags:
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/tags/%s' % (image_id, tag))
            response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
            self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Update image with too many tags via PUT
        # Configured limit is 10 tags
        for i in range(10):
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/tags/foo%i' % (image_id, i))
            response = requests.put(path, headers=self._headers())
            self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # 11th tag should fail
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/tags/fail_me' % image_id)
        response = requests.put(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE, response.status_code)

        # Make sure the 11th tag was not added
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        tags = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['tags']
        self.assertEqual(10, len(tags))

        # Update image tags via PATCH
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        doc = [
            {
                'op': 'replace',
                'path': '/tags',
                'value': ['foo'],
            },
        ]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # Update image with too many tags via PATCH
        # Configured limit is 10 tags
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        tags = ['foo%d' % i for i in range(11)]
        doc = [
            {
                'op': 'replace',
                'path': '/tags',
                'value': tags,
            },
        ]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE, response.status_code)

        # Tags should not have changed since request was over limit
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        tags = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['tags']
        self.assertEqual(['foo'], tags)

        # Update image with duplicate tag - it should be ignored
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        doc = [
            {
                'op': 'replace',
                'path': '/tags',
                'value': ['sniff', 'snozz', 'snozz'],
            },
        ]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        tags = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['tags']
        self.assertEqual(['sniff', 'snozz'], sorted(tags))

        # Image should show the appropriate tags
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        tags = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['tags']
        self.assertEqual(['sniff', 'snozz'], sorted(tags))

        # Attempt to tag the image with a duplicate should be ignored
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/tags/snozz' % image_id)
        response = requests.put(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Create another more complex tag
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/tags/gabe%%40example.com' % image_id)
        response = requests.put(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Double-check that the tags container on the image is populated
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        tags = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['tags']
        self.assertEqual(['gabe@example.com', 'sniff', 'snozz'],
                         sorted(tags))

        # Query images by single tag
        path = self._url('/v2/images?tag=sniff')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual('image-1', images[0]['name'])

        # Query images by multiple tags
        path = self._url('/v2/images?tag=sniff&tag=snozz')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual('image-1', images[0]['name'])

        # Query images by tag and other attributes
        path = self._url('/v2/images?tag=sniff&status=queued')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual('image-1', images[0]['name'])

        # Query images by tag and a nonexistent tag
        path = self._url('/v2/images?tag=sniff&tag=fake')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # The tag should be deletable
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/tags/gabe%%40example.com' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # List of tags should reflect the deletion
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        tags = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['tags']
        self.assertEqual(['sniff', 'snozz'], sorted(tags))

        # Deleting the same tag should return a 404
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/tags/gabe%%40example.com' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # The tags won't be able to query the images after deleting
        path = self._url('/v2/images?tag=gabe%%40example.com')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Try to add a tag that is too long
        big_tag = 'a' * 300
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/tags/%s' % (image_id, big_tag))
        response = requests.put(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Tags should not have changed since request was over limit
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        tags = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['tags']
        self.assertEqual(['sniff', 'snozz'], sorted(tags))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_images_container(self):
        # Image list should be empty and no next link should be present
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        first = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['first']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))
        self.assertNotIn('next', jsonutils.loads(response.text))
        self.assertEqual('/v2/images', first)

        # Create 7 images
        images = []
        fixtures = [
            {'name': 'image-3', 'type': 'kernel', 'ping': 'pong',
             'container_format': 'ami', 'disk_format': 'ami'},
            {'name': 'image-4', 'type': 'kernel', 'ping': 'pong',
             'container_format': 'bare', 'disk_format': 'ami'},
            {'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel', 'ping': 'pong'},
            {'name': 'image-3', 'type': 'ramdisk', 'ping': 'pong'},
            {'name': 'image-2', 'type': 'kernel', 'ping': 'ding'},
            {'name': 'image-3', 'type': 'kernel', 'ping': 'pong'},
            {'name': 'image-2,image-5', 'type': 'kernel', 'ping': 'pong'},
        ]
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        for fixture in fixtures:
            data = jsonutils.dumps(fixture)
            response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
            self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
            images.append(jsonutils.loads(response.text))

        # Image list should contain 7 images
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(7, len(body['images']))
        self.assertEqual('/v2/images', body['first'])
        self.assertNotIn('next', jsonutils.loads(response.text))

        # Image list filters by created_at time
        url_template = '/v2/images?created_at=lt:%s'
        path = self._url(url_template % images[0]['created_at'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(0, len(body['images']))
        self.assertEqual(url_template % images[0]['created_at'],
                         urllib.parse.unquote(body['first']))

        # Image list filters by updated_at time
        url_template = '/v2/images?updated_at=lt:%s'
        path = self._url(url_template % images[2]['updated_at'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertGreaterEqual(3, len(body['images']))
        self.assertEqual(url_template % images[2]['updated_at'],
                         urllib.parse.unquote(body['first']))

        # Image list filters by updated_at and created time with invalid value
        url_template = '/v2/images?%s=lt:invalid_value'
        for filter in ['updated_at', 'created_at']:
            path = self._url(url_template % filter)
            response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
            self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Image list filters by updated_at and created_at with invalid operator
        url_template = '/v2/images?%s=invalid_operator:2015-11-19T12:24:02Z'
        for filter in ['updated_at', 'created_at']:
            path = self._url(url_template % filter)
            response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
            self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Image list filters by non-'URL encoding' value
        path = self._url('/v2/images?name=%FF')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Image list filters by name with in operator
        url_template = '/v2/images?name=in:%s'
        filter_value = 'image-1,image-2'
        path = self._url(url_template % filter_value)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertGreaterEqual(3, len(body['images']))

        # Image list filters by container_format with in operator
        url_template = '/v2/images?container_format=in:%s'
        filter_value = 'bare,ami'
        path = self._url(url_template % filter_value)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertGreaterEqual(2, len(body['images']))

        # Image list filters by disk_format with in operator
        url_template = '/v2/images?disk_format=in:%s'
        filter_value = 'bare,ami,iso'
        path = self._url(url_template % filter_value)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertGreaterEqual(2, len(body['images']))

        # Begin pagination after the first image
        template_url = ('/v2/images?limit=2&sort_dir=asc&sort_key=name'
                        '&marker=%s&type=kernel&ping=pong')
        path = self._url(template_url % images[2]['id'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(2, len(body['images']))
        response_ids = [image['id'] for image in body['images']]
        self.assertEqual([images[6]['id'], images[0]['id']], response_ids)

        # Continue pagination using next link from previous request
        path = self._url(body['next'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(2, len(body['images']))
        response_ids = [image['id'] for image in body['images']]
        self.assertEqual([images[5]['id'], images[1]['id']], response_ids)

        # Continue pagination - expect no results
        path = self._url(body['next'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(0, len(body['images']))

        # Delete first image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % images[0]['id'])
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Ensure bad request for using a deleted image as marker
        path = self._url('/v2/images?marker=%s' % images[0]['id'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_visibility_to_different_users(self):
        self.cleanup()
        self.api_server.deployment_flavor = 'fakeauth'

        kwargs = self.__dict__.copy()
        self.start_servers(**kwargs)

        owners = ['admin', 'tenant1', 'tenant2', 'none']
        visibilities = ['public', 'private', 'shared', 'community']

        for owner in owners:
            for visibility in visibilities:
                path = self._url('/v2/images')
                headers = self._headers({
                    'content-type': 'application/json',
                    'X-Auth-Token': 'createuser:%s:admin' % owner,
                })
                data = jsonutils.dumps({
                    'name': '%s-%s' % (owner, visibility),
                    'visibility': visibility,
                })
                response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
                self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        def list_images(tenant, role='', visibility=None):
            auth_token = 'user:%s:%s' % (tenant, role)
            headers = {'X-Auth-Token': auth_token}
            path = self._url('/v2/images')
            if visibility is not None:
                path += '?visibility=%s' % visibility
            response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            return jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']

        # 1. Known user sees public and their own images
        images = list_images('tenant1', role='reader')
        self.assertEqual(7, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertTrue(image['visibility'] == 'public'
                            or 'tenant1' in image['name'])

        # 2. Known user, visibility=public, sees all public images
        images = list_images('tenant1', role='reader', visibility='public')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('public', image['visibility'])

        # 3. Known user, visibility=private, sees only their private image
        images = list_images('tenant1', role='reader', visibility='private')
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        image = images[0]
        self.assertEqual('private', image['visibility'])
        self.assertIn('tenant1', image['name'])

        # 4. Known user, visibility=shared, sees only their shared image
        images = list_images('tenant1', role='reader', visibility='shared')
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        image = images[0]
        self.assertEqual('shared', image['visibility'])
        self.assertIn('tenant1', image['name'])

        # 5. Known user, visibility=community, sees all community images
        images = list_images('tenant1', role='reader', visibility='community')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('community', image['visibility'])

        # 6. Unknown user sees only public images
        images = list_images('none', role='reader')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('public', image['visibility'])

        # 7. Unknown user, visibility=public, sees only public images
        images = list_images('none', role='reader', visibility='public')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('public', image['visibility'])

        # 8. Unknown user, visibility=private, sees no images
        images = list_images('none', role='reader', visibility='private')
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # 9. Unknown user, visibility=shared, sees no images
        images = list_images('none', role='reader', visibility='shared')
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # 10. Unknown user, visibility=community, sees only community images
        images = list_images('none', role='reader', visibility='community')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('community', image['visibility'])

        # 11. Unknown admin sees all images except for community images
        images = list_images('none', role='admin')
        self.assertEqual(12, len(images))

        # 12. Unknown admin, visibility=public, shows only public images
        images = list_images('none', role='admin', visibility='public')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('public', image['visibility'])

        # 13. Unknown admin, visibility=private, sees only private images
        images = list_images('none', role='admin', visibility='private')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('private', image['visibility'])

        # 14. Unknown admin, visibility=shared, sees only shared images
        images = list_images('none', role='admin', visibility='shared')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('shared', image['visibility'])

        # 15. Unknown admin, visibility=community, sees only community images
        images = list_images('none', role='admin', visibility='community')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('community', image['visibility'])

        # 16. Known admin sees all images, except community images owned by
        # others
        images = list_images('admin', role='admin')
        self.assertEqual(13, len(images))

        # 17. Known admin, visibility=public, sees all public images
        images = list_images('admin', role='admin', visibility='public')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('public', image['visibility'])

        # 18. Known admin, visibility=private, sees all private images
        images = list_images('admin', role='admin', visibility='private')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('private', image['visibility'])

        # 19. Known admin, visibility=shared, sees all shared images
        images = list_images('admin', role='admin', visibility='shared')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('shared', image['visibility'])

        # 20. Known admin, visibility=community, sees all community images
        images = list_images('admin', role='admin', visibility='community')
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))
        for image in images:
            self.assertEqual('community', image['visibility'])

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_update_locations(self):
        self.api_server.show_multiple_locations = True
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        self.assertEqual('queued', image['status'])
        self.assertIsNone(image['size'])
        self.assertIsNone(image['virtual_size'])

        # Update locations for the queued image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        url = 'http://127.0.0.1:%s/foo_image' % self.http_port0
        data = jsonutils.dumps([{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/locations',
                                 'value': [{'url': url, 'metadata': {}}]
                                 }])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # The image size should be updated
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(10, image['size'])

    def test_update_locations_with_restricted_sources(self):
        self.api_server.show_multiple_locations = True
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        self.assertEqual('queued', image['status'])
        self.assertIsNone(image['size'])
        self.assertIsNone(image['virtual_size'])

        # Update locations for the queued image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        data = jsonutils.dumps([{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/locations',
                                 'value': [{'url': 'file:///foo_image',
                                            'metadata': {}}]
                                 }])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code, response.text)

        data = jsonutils.dumps([{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/locations',
                                 'value': [{'url': 'swift+config:///foo_image',
                                            'metadata': {}}]
                                 }])
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code, response.text)


class TestImagesIPv6(functional.FunctionalTest):
    """Verify that API and REG servers running IPv6 can communicate"""

    def setUp(self):
        """
        First applying monkey patches of functions and methods which have
        IPv4 hardcoded.
        """
        # Setting up initial monkey patch (1)
        test_utils.get_unused_port_ipv4 = test_utils.get_unused_port
        test_utils.get_unused_port_and_socket_ipv4 = (
            test_utils.get_unused_port_and_socket)
        test_utils.get_unused_port = test_utils.get_unused_port_ipv6
        test_utils.get_unused_port_and_socket = (
            test_utils.get_unused_port_and_socket_ipv6)
        super(TestImagesIPv6, self).setUp()
        self.cleanup()
        # Setting up monkey patch (2), after object is ready...
        self.ping_server_ipv4 = self.ping_server
        self.ping_server = self.ping_server_ipv6
        self.include_scrubber = False

    def tearDown(self):
        # Cleaning up monkey patch (2).
        self.ping_server = self.ping_server_ipv4
        super(TestImagesIPv6, self).tearDown()
        # Cleaning up monkey patch (1).
        test_utils.get_unused_port = test_utils.get_unused_port_ipv4
        test_utils.get_unused_port_and_socket = (
            test_utils.get_unused_port_and_socket_ipv4)

    def _headers(self, custom_headers=None):
        base_headers = {
            'X-Identity-Status': 'Confirmed',
            'X-Auth-Token': '932c5c84-02ac-4fe5-a9ba-620af0e2bb96',
            'X-User-Id': 'f9a41d13-0c13-47e9-bee2-ce4e8bfe958e',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
            'X-Roles': 'reader,member',
        }
        base_headers.update(custom_headers or {})
        return base_headers

    def test_image_list_ipv6(self):
        # Image list should be empty

        self.api_server.deployment_flavor = "caching"
        self.api_server.send_identity_credentials = True
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        url = f'http://[::1]:{self.api_port}'
        path = '/'
        requests.get(url + path, headers=self._headers())

        path = '/v2/images'
        response = requests.get(url + path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(200, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))


class TestImageDirectURLVisibility(functional.FunctionalTest):

    def setUp(self):
        super(TestImageDirectURLVisibility, self).setUp()
        self.cleanup()
        self.include_scrubber = False
        self.api_server.deployment_flavor = 'noauth'

    def _headers(self, custom_headers=None):
        base_headers = {
            'X-Identity-Status': 'Confirmed',
            'X-Auth-Token': '932c5c84-02ac-4fe5-a9ba-620af0e2bb96',
            'X-User-Id': 'f9a41d13-0c13-47e9-bee2-ce4e8bfe958e',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
            'X-Roles': 'reader,member',
        }
        base_headers.update(custom_headers or {})
        return base_headers

    def test_image_direct_url_visible(self):

        self.api_server.show_image_direct_url = True
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Roles': 'admin'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'foo': 'bar', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki',
                                'visibility': 'public'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get the image id
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Image direct_url should not be visible before location is set
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertNotIn('direct_url', image)

        # Upload some image data, setting the image location
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data='ZZZZZ')
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image direct_url should be visible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertIn('direct_url', image)

        # Image direct_url should be visible to non-owner, non-admin user
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json',
                                 'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT2})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertIn('direct_url', image)

        # Image direct_url should be visible in a list
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images'][0]
        self.assertIn('direct_url', image)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_multiple_location_url_visible(self):
        self.api_server.show_multiple_locations = True
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'foo': 'bar', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get the image id
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Image locations should not be visible before location is set
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertIn('locations', image)
        self.assertEqual([], image["locations"])

        # Upload some image data, setting the image location
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data='ZZZZZ')
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image locations should be visible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertIn('locations', image)
        loc = image['locations']
        self.assertGreater(len(loc), 0)
        loc = loc[0]
        self.assertIn('url', loc)
        self.assertIn('metadata', loc)

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_direct_url_not_visible(self):

        self.api_server.show_image_direct_url = False
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'foo': 'bar', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get the image id
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Upload some image data, setting the image location
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data='ZZZZZ')
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image direct_url should not be visible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertNotIn('direct_url', image)

        # Image direct_url should not be visible in a list
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images'][0]
        self.assertNotIn('direct_url', image)

        self.stop_servers()


class TestImageLocationSelectionStrategy(functional.FunctionalTest):

    def setUp(self):
        super(TestImageLocationSelectionStrategy, self).setUp()
        self.cleanup()
        self.include_scrubber = False
        self.api_server.deployment_flavor = 'noauth'
        for i in range(3):
            ret = test_utils.start_http_server("foo_image_id%d" % i,
                                               "foo_image%d" % i)
            setattr(self, 'http_server%d' % i, ret[1])
            setattr(self, 'http_port%d' % i, ret[2])

    def tearDown(self):
        for i in range(3):
            httpd = getattr(self, 'http_server%d' % i, None)
            if httpd:
                httpd.shutdown()
                httpd.server_close()

        super(TestImageLocationSelectionStrategy, self).tearDown()

    def _headers(self, custom_headers=None):
        base_headers = {
            'X-Identity-Status': 'Confirmed',
            'X-Auth-Token': '932c5c84-02ac-4fe5-a9ba-620af0e2bb96',
            'X-User-Id': 'f9a41d13-0c13-47e9-bee2-ce4e8bfe958e',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
            'X-Roles': 'reader,member',
        }
        base_headers.update(custom_headers or {})
        return base_headers

    def test_image_locations_with_order_strategy(self):
        self.api_server.show_image_direct_url = True
        self.api_server.show_multiple_locations = True
        self.image_location_quota = 10
        self.api_server.location_strategy = 'location_order'
        preference = "http, swift, filesystem"
        self.api_server.store_type_location_strategy_preference = preference
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'foo': 'bar', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Get the image id
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # Image locations should not be visible before location is set
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertIn('locations', image)
        self.assertEqual([], image["locations"])

        # Update image locations via PATCH
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        values = [{'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:%s/foo_image' % self.http_port0,
                   'metadata': {}},
                  {'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:%s/foo_image' % self.http_port1,
                   'metadata': {}}]
        doc = [{'op': 'replace',
                'path': '/locations',
                'value': values}]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        # Image locations should be visible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertIn('locations', image)
        self.assertEqual(values, image['locations'])
        self.assertIn('direct_url', image)
        self.assertEqual(values[0]['url'], image['direct_url'])

        self.stop_servers()


class TestImageMembers(functional.FunctionalTest):

    def setUp(self):
        super(TestImageMembers, self).setUp()
        self.cleanup()
        self.include_scrubber = False
        self.api_server.deployment_flavor = 'fakeauth'
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

    def _headers(self, custom_headers=None):
        base_headers = {
            'X-Identity-Status': 'Confirmed',
            'X-Auth-Token': '932c5c84-02ac-4fe5-a9ba-620af0e2bb96',
            'X-User-Id': 'f9a41d13-0c13-47e9-bee2-ce4e8bfe958e',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
            'X-Roles': 'reader,member',
        }
        base_headers.update(custom_headers or {})
        return base_headers

    def test_image_member_lifecycle(self):

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        owners = ['tenant1', 'tenant2', 'admin']
        visibilities = ['community', 'private', 'public', 'shared']
        image_fixture = []
        for owner in owners:
            for visibility in visibilities:
                path = self._url('/v2/images')
                role = 'member'
                if visibility == 'public':
                    role = 'admin'
                headers = self._headers({
                    'content-type': 'application/json',
                    'X-Auth-Token': 'createuser:%s:admin' % owner,
                    'X-Roles': role,
                })
                data = jsonutils.dumps({
                    'name': '%s-%s' % (owner, visibility),
                    'visibility': visibility,
                })
                response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
                self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
                image_fixture.append(jsonutils.loads(response.text))

        # Image list should contain 6 images for tenant1
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(6, len(images))

        # Image list should contain 3 images for TENANT3
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(3, len(images))

        # Add Image member for tenant1-shared image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[3]['id'])
        body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT3})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'),
                                 data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image_member = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(image_fixture[3]['id'], image_member['image_id'])
        self.assertEqual(TENANT3, image_member['member_id'])
        self.assertIn('created_at', image_member)
        self.assertIn('updated_at', image_member)
        self.assertEqual('pending', image_member['status'])

        # Image list should contain 3 images for TENANT3
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(3, len(images))

        # Image list should contain 0 shared images for TENANT3
        # because default is accepted
        path = self._url('/v2/images?visibility=shared')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Image list should contain 4 images for TENANT3 with status pending
        path = self._url('/v2/images?member_status=pending')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))

        # Image list should contain 4 images for TENANT3 with status all
        path = self._url('/v2/images?member_status=all')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))

        # Image list should contain 1 image for TENANT3 with status pending
        # and visibility shared
        path = self._url('/v2/images?member_status=pending&visibility=shared')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(images[0]['name'], 'tenant1-shared')

        # Image list should contain 0 image for TENANT3 with status rejected
        # and visibility shared
        path = self._url('/v2/images?member_status=rejected&visibility=shared')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Image list should contain 0 image for TENANT3 with status accepted
        # and visibility shared
        path = self._url('/v2/images?member_status=accepted&visibility=shared')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Image list should contain 0 image for TENANT3 with status accepted
        # and visibility private
        path = self._url('/v2/images?visibility=private')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Image tenant2-shared's image members list should contain no members
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[7]['id'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant2'))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(0, len(body['members']))

        # Tenant 1, who is the owner cannot change status of image member
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[3]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        body = jsonutils.dumps({'status': 'accepted'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'),
                                data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Tenant 1, who is the owner can get status of its own image member
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[3]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('pending', body['status'])
        self.assertEqual(image_fixture[3]['id'], body['image_id'])
        self.assertEqual(TENANT3, body['member_id'])

        # Tenant 3, who is the member can get status of its own status
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[3]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual('pending', body['status'])
        self.assertEqual(image_fixture[3]['id'], body['image_id'])
        self.assertEqual(TENANT3, body['member_id'])

        # Tenant 2, who not the owner cannot get status of image member
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[3]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant2'))
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # Tenant 3 can change status of image member
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[3]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        body = jsonutils.dumps({'status': 'accepted'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3),
                                data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image_member = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(image_fixture[3]['id'], image_member['image_id'])
        self.assertEqual(TENANT3, image_member['member_id'])
        self.assertEqual('accepted', image_member['status'])

        # Image list should contain 4 images for TENANT3 because status is
        # accepted
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(4, len(images))

        # Tenant 3 invalid status change
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[3]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        body = jsonutils.dumps({'status': 'invalid-status'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3),
                                data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

        # Owner cannot change status of image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[3]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        body = jsonutils.dumps({'status': 'accepted'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'),
                                data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Add Image member for tenant2-shared image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[7]['id'])
        body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT4})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant2'),
                                 data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        image_member = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(image_fixture[7]['id'], image_member['image_id'])
        self.assertEqual(TENANT4, image_member['member_id'])
        self.assertIn('created_at', image_member)
        self.assertIn('updated_at', image_member)

        # Add Image member to public image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[2]['id'])
        body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT2})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'),
                                 data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Add Image member to private image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[1]['id'])
        body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT2})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'),
                                 data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Add Image member to community image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[0]['id'])
        body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT2})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'),
                                 data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Image tenant1-shared's members list should contain 1 member
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[3]['id'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(1, len(body['members']))

        # Admin can see any members
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[3]['id'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1',
                                                              role='admin'))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(1, len(body['members']))

        # Image members not found for private image not owned by TENANT 1
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[7]['id'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # Image members forbidden for public image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[2]['id'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertIn("Only shared images have members", response.text)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Image members forbidden for community image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[0]['id'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertIn("Only shared images have members", response.text)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Image members forbidden for private image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[1]['id'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertIn("Only shared images have members", response.text)
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Image Member Cannot delete Image membership
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[3]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=get_auth_header(TENANT3))
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Delete Image member
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[3]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Now the image has no members
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[3]['id'])
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        self.assertEqual(0, len(body['members']))

        # Adding 11 image members should fail since configured limit is 10
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[3]['id'])
        for i in range(10):
            body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': str(uuid.uuid4())})
            response = requests.post(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'),
                                     data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

        body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': str(uuid.uuid4())})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'),
                                 data=body)
        self.assertEqual(http.REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE, response.status_code)

        # Get Image member should return not found for public image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[2]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # Get Image member should return not found for community image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[0]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # Get Image member should return not found for private image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[1]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.get(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # Delete Image member should return forbidden for public image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[2]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Delete Image member should return forbidden for community image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[0]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        # Delete Image member should return forbidden for private image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (image_fixture[1]['id'],
                                                       TENANT3))
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=get_auth_header('tenant1'))
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

        self.stop_servers()


class TestQuotas(functional.FunctionalTest):

    def setUp(self):
        super(TestQuotas, self).setUp()
        self.cleanup()
        self.include_scrubber = False
        self.api_server.deployment_flavor = 'noauth'
        self.user_storage_quota = 100
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

    def _headers(self, custom_headers=None):
        base_headers = {
            'X-Identity-Status': 'Confirmed',
            'X-Auth-Token': '932c5c84-02ac-4fe5-a9ba-620af0e2bb96',
            'X-User-Id': 'f9a41d13-0c13-47e9-bee2-ce4e8bfe958e',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
            'X-Roles': 'reader,member',
        }
        base_headers.update(custom_headers or {})
        return base_headers

    def _upload_image_test(self, data_src, expected_status):
        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # Create an image (with a deployer-defined property)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'testimg',
                                'type': 'kernel',
                                'foo': 'bar',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        # upload data
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=data_src)
        self.assertEqual(expected_status, response.status_code)

        # Deletion should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

    def test_image_upload_under_quota(self):
        data = b'x' * (self.user_storage_quota - 1)
        self._upload_image_test(data, http.NO_CONTENT)

    def test_image_upload_exceed_quota(self):
        data = b'x' * (self.user_storage_quota + 1)
        self._upload_image_test(data, http.REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE)

    def test_chunked_image_upload_under_quota(self):
        def data_gen():
            yield b'x' * (self.user_storage_quota - 1)

        self._upload_image_test(data_gen(), http.NO_CONTENT)

    def test_chunked_image_upload_exceed_quota(self):
        def data_gen():
            yield b'x' * (self.user_storage_quota + 1)

        self._upload_image_test(data_gen(), http.REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE)


class TestImagesMultipleBackend(functional.MultipleBackendFunctionalTest):

    def setUp(self):
        super(TestImagesMultipleBackend, self).setUp()
        self.cleanup()
        self.include_scrubber = False
        self.api_server_multiple_backend.deployment_flavor = 'noauth'
        for i in range(3):
            ret = test_utils.start_http_server("foo_image_id%d" % i,
                                               "foo_image%d" % i)
            setattr(self, 'http_server%d' % i, ret[1])
            setattr(self, 'http_port%d' % i, ret[2])

    def tearDown(self):
        for i in range(3):
            httpd = getattr(self, 'http_server%d' % i, None)
            if httpd:
                httpd.shutdown()
                httpd.server_close()

        super(TestImagesMultipleBackend, self).tearDown()

    def _headers(self, custom_headers=None):
        base_headers = {
            'X-Identity-Status': 'Confirmed',
            'X-Auth-Token': '932c5c84-02ac-4fe5-a9ba-620af0e2bb96',
            'X-User-Id': 'f9a41d13-0c13-47e9-bee2-ce4e8bfe958e',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
            'X-Roles': 'reader,member',
        }
        base_headers.update(custom_headers or {})
        return base_headers

    def test_image_import_using_glance_direct(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # glance-direct should be available in discovery response
        path = self._url('/v2/info/import')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['import-methods']['value']
        self.assertIn("glance-direct", discovery_calls)

        # file1 and file2 should be available in discovery response
        available_stores = ['file1', 'file2', 'file3']
        path = self._url('/v2/info/stores')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['stores']
        # os_glance_staging_store should not be available in discovery response
        for stores in discovery_calls:
            self.assertIn('id', stores)
            self.assertIn(stores['id'], available_stores)
            self.assertFalse(stores["id"].startswith("os_glance_"))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Check 'OpenStack-image-store-ids' header present in response
        self.assertIn('OpenStack-image-store-ids', response.headers)
        for store in available_stores:
            self.assertIn(store, response.headers['OpenStack-image-store-ids'])

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value'

        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Upload some image data to staging area
        image_data = b'QQQQQ'
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/stage' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=image_data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in uploading state and checksum is None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id,
                                                  size=len(image_data),
                                                  status='uploading')

        # Import image to store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin',
        })
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'method': {
            'name': 'glance-direct'
        }})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=15,
                                   delay_sec=0.2)
        expect_c = six.text_type(md5(image_data,
                                     usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
        expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(image_data).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(image_data),
                                                  status='active')

        # Ensure the size is updated to reflect the data uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual(len(image_data),
                         jsonutils.loads(response.text)['size'])

        # Ensure image is created in default backend
        self.assertIn('file1', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Deleting image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_import_using_glance_direct_different_backend(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # glance-direct should be available in discovery response
        path = self._url('/v2/info/import')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['import-methods']['value']
        self.assertIn("glance-direct", discovery_calls)

        # file1 and file2 should be available in discovery response
        available_stores = ['file1', 'file2', 'file3']
        path = self._url('/v2/info/stores')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['stores']
        # os_glance_staging_store should not be available in discovery response
        for stores in discovery_calls:
            self.assertIn('id', stores)
            self.assertIn(stores['id'], available_stores)
            self.assertFalse(stores["id"].startswith("os_glance_"))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Check 'OpenStack-image-store-ids' header present in response
        self.assertIn('OpenStack-image-store-ids', response.headers)
        for store in available_stores:
            self.assertIn(store, response.headers['OpenStack-image-store-ids'])

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value'
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Upload some image data to staging area
        image_data = b'GLANCE IS DEAD SEXY'
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/stage' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=image_data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in uploading state and checksum is None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id,
                                                  size=len(image_data),
                                                  status='uploading')

        # Import image to file2 store (other than default backend)
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin',
            'X-Image-Meta-Store': 'file2'
        })
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'method': {
            'name': 'glance-direct'
        }})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=15,
                                   delay_sec=0.2)
        expect_c = six.text_type(md5(image_data,
                                     usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
        expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(image_data).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(image_data),
                                                  status='active')

        # Ensure the size is updated to reflect the data uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual(len(image_data),
                         jsonutils.loads(response.text)['size'])

        # Ensure image is created in different backend
        self.assertIn('file2', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Deleting image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_import_using_web_download(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # web-download should be available in discovery response
        path = self._url('/v2/info/import')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['import-methods']['value']
        self.assertIn("web-download", discovery_calls)

        # file1 and file2 should be available in discovery response
        available_stores = ['file1', 'file2', 'file3']
        path = self._url('/v2/info/stores')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['stores']
        # os_glance_staging_store should not be available in discovery response
        for stores in discovery_calls:
            self.assertIn('id', stores)
            self.assertIn(stores['id'], available_stores)
            self.assertFalse(stores["id"].startswith("os_glance_"))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Check 'OpenStack-image-store-ids' header present in response
        self.assertIn('OpenStack-image-store-ids', response.headers)
        for store in available_stores:
            self.assertIn(store, response.headers['OpenStack-image-store-ids'])

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value'
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Verify image is in queued state and checksum is None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id,
                                                  status='queued')

        # Import image to store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin',
        })

        # Start http server locally
        thread, httpd, port = test_utils.start_standalone_http_server()

        image_data_uri = 'http://localhost:%s/' % port
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'method': {
            'name': 'web-download',
            'uri': image_data_uri
        }})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=20,
                                   delay_sec=0.2,
                                   start_delay_sec=1)
        with requests.get(image_data_uri) as r:
            expect_c = six.text_type(md5(r.content,
                                         usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
            expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(r.content).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(r.content),
                                                  status='active')

        # kill the local http server
        httpd.shutdown()
        httpd.server_close()
        # Ensure image is created in default backend
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file1', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Deleting image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_import_using_web_download_different_backend(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # web-download should be available in discovery response
        path = self._url('/v2/info/import')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['import-methods']['value']
        self.assertIn("web-download", discovery_calls)

        # file1 and file2 should be available in discovery response
        available_stores = ['file1', 'file2', 'file3']
        path = self._url('/v2/info/stores')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['stores']
        # os_glance_staging_store should not be available in discovery response
        for stores in discovery_calls:
            self.assertIn('id', stores)
            self.assertIn(stores['id'], available_stores)
            self.assertFalse(stores["id"].startswith("os_glance_"))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Check 'OpenStack-image-store-ids' header present in response
        self.assertIn('OpenStack-image-store-ids', response.headers)
        for store in available_stores:
            self.assertIn(store, response.headers['OpenStack-image-store-ids'])

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value'
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Verify image is in queued state and checksum is None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id,
                                                  status='queued')
        # Import image to store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin',
            'X-Image-Meta-Store': 'file2'
        })

        # Start http server locally
        thread, httpd, port = test_utils.start_standalone_http_server()

        image_data_uri = 'http://localhost:%s/' % port
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'method': {
            'name': 'web-download',
            'uri': image_data_uri
        }})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=20,
                                   delay_sec=0.2,
                                   start_delay_sec=1)
        with requests.get(image_data_uri) as r:
            expect_c = six.text_type(md5(r.content,
                                         usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
            expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(r.content).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(r.content),
                                                  status='active')

        # kill the local http server
        httpd.shutdown()
        httpd.server_close()

        # Ensure image is created in different backend
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file2', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Deleting image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_import_multi_stores(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # web-download should be available in discovery response
        path = self._url('/v2/info/import')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['import-methods']['value']
        self.assertIn("web-download", discovery_calls)

        # file1 and file2 should be available in discovery response
        available_stores = ['file1', 'file2', 'file3']
        path = self._url('/v2/info/stores')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['stores']
        # os_glance_staging_store should not be available in discovery response
        for stores in discovery_calls:
            self.assertIn('id', stores)
            self.assertIn(stores['id'], available_stores)
            self.assertFalse(stores["id"].startswith("os_glance_"))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Check 'OpenStack-image-store-ids' header present in response
        self.assertIn('OpenStack-image-store-ids', response.headers)
        for store in available_stores:
            self.assertIn(store, response.headers['OpenStack-image-store-ids'])

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value'
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Verify image is in queued state and checksum is None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id,
                                                  status='queued')
        # Import image to multiple stores
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin'
        })

        # Start http server locally
        thread, httpd, port = test_utils.start_standalone_http_server()

        image_data_uri = 'http://localhost:%s/' % port
        data = jsonutils.dumps(
            {'method': {'name': 'web-download', 'uri': image_data_uri},
             'stores': ['file1', 'file2']})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=40,
                                   delay_sec=0.2,
                                   start_delay_sec=1)
        with requests.get(image_data_uri) as r:
            expect_c = six.text_type(md5(r.content,
                                         usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
            expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(r.content).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(r.content),
                                                  status='active')

        # kill the local http server
        httpd.shutdown()
        httpd.server_close()

        # Ensure image is created in the two stores
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file2', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])
        self.assertIn('file1', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Deleting image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_copy_image_lifecycle(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # copy-image should be available in discovery response
        path = self._url('/v2/info/import')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['import-methods']['value']
        self.assertIn("copy-image", discovery_calls)

        # file1 and file2 should be available in discovery response
        available_stores = ['file1', 'file2', 'file3']
        path = self._url('/v2/info/stores')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['stores']
        # os_glance_staging_store should not be available in discovery response
        for stores in discovery_calls:
            self.assertIn('id', stores)
            self.assertIn(stores['id'], available_stores)
            self.assertFalse(stores["id"].startswith("os_glance_"))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Check 'OpenStack-image-store-ids' header present in response
        self.assertIn('OpenStack-image-store-ids', response.headers)
        for store in available_stores:
            self.assertIn(store, response.headers['OpenStack-image-store-ids'])

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value'
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Verify image is in queued state and checksum is None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id,
                                                  status='queued')
        # Import image to multiple stores
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin'
        })

        # Start http server locally
        thread, httpd, port = test_utils.start_standalone_http_server()

        image_data_uri = 'http://localhost:%s/' % port
        data = jsonutils.dumps(
            {'method': {'name': 'web-download', 'uri': image_data_uri},
             'stores': ['file1']})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)
        import_reqid = response.headers['X-Openstack-Request-Id']

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=40,
                                   delay_sec=0.2,
                                   start_delay_sec=1)
        with requests.get(image_data_uri) as r:
            expect_c = six.text_type(md5(r.content,
                                         usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
            expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(r.content).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(r.content),
                                                  status='active')

        # kill the local http server
        httpd.shutdown()
        httpd.server_close()

        # Ensure image is created in the one store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file1', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Ensure image has one task associated with it
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/tasks' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        tasks = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['tasks']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(tasks))
        for task in tasks:
            self.assertEqual(image_id, task['image_id'])
            user_id = response.request.headers.get(
                'X-User-Id')
            self.assertEqual(user_id, task['user_id'])
            self.assertEqual(import_reqid, task['request_id'])

        # Copy newly created image to file2 and file3 stores
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin'
        })

        data = jsonutils.dumps(
            {'method': {'name': 'copy-image'},
             'stores': ['file2', 'file3']})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)
        copy_reqid = response.headers['X-Openstack-Request-Id']

        # Verify image is copied
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_copying(request_path=path,
                                    request_headers=self._headers(),
                                    stores=['file2', 'file3'],
                                    max_sec=40,
                                    delay_sec=0.2,
                                    start_delay_sec=1)

        # Ensure image is copied to the file2 and file3 store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file2', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])
        self.assertIn('file3', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Ensure image has two tasks associated with it
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/tasks' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        tasks = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['tasks']
        self.assertEqual(2, len(tasks))
        expected_reqids = [copy_reqid, import_reqid]
        for task in tasks:
            self.assertEqual(image_id, task['image_id'])
            user_id = response.request.headers.get(
                'X-User-Id')
            self.assertEqual(user_id, task['user_id'])
            self.assertEqual(expected_reqids.pop(), task['request_id'])

        # Deleting image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_copy_image_revert_lifecycle(self):
        # Test if copying task fails in between then the rollback
        # should delete the data from only stores to which it is
        # copied and not from the existing stores.
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # copy-image should be available in discovery response
        path = self._url('/v2/info/import')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['import-methods']['value']
        self.assertIn("copy-image", discovery_calls)

        # file1 and file2 should be available in discovery response
        available_stores = ['file1', 'file2', 'file3']
        path = self._url('/v2/info/stores')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['stores']
        # os_glance_staging_store should not be available in discovery response
        for stores in discovery_calls:
            self.assertIn('id', stores)
            self.assertIn(stores['id'], available_stores)
            self.assertFalse(stores["id"].startswith("os_glance_"))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Check 'OpenStack-image-store-ids' header present in response
        self.assertIn('OpenStack-image-store-ids', response.headers)
        for store in available_stores:
            self.assertIn(store, response.headers['OpenStack-image-store-ids'])

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value'
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Verify image is in queued state and checksum is None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id,
                                                  status='queued')
        # Import image to multiple stores
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin'
        })

        # Start http server locally
        thread, httpd, port = test_utils.start_standalone_http_server()

        image_data_uri = 'http://localhost:%s/' % port
        data = jsonutils.dumps(
            {'method': {'name': 'web-download', 'uri': image_data_uri},
             'stores': ['file1']})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=40,
                                   delay_sec=0.2,
                                   start_delay_sec=1)
        with requests.get(image_data_uri) as r:
            expect_c = six.text_type(md5(r.content,
                                         usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
            expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(r.content).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(r.content),
                                                  status='active')

        # kill the local http server
        httpd.shutdown()
        httpd.server_close()

        # Ensure image is created in the one store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file1', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Copy newly created image to file2 and file3 stores
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin'
        })

        # NOTE(abhishekk): Deleting file3 image directory to trigger the
        # failure, so that we can verify that revert call does not delete
        # the data from existing stores
        # NOTE(danms): Do this before we start the import, on a later store,
        # which will cause that store to fail after we have already completed
        # the first one.
        os.rmdir(self.test_dir + "/images_3")

        data = jsonutils.dumps(
            {'method': {'name': 'copy-image'},
             'stores': ['file2', 'file3']})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        def poll_callback(image):
            # NOTE(danms): We need to wait for the specific
            # arrangement we're expecting, which is that file3 has
            # failed, nothing else is importing, and file2 has been
            # removed from stores by the revert.
            return not (image['os_glance_importing_to_stores'] == '' and
                        image['os_glance_failed_import'] == 'file3' and
                        image['stores'] == 'file1')

        func_utils.poll_entity(self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id),
                               self._headers(),
                               poll_callback)

        # Here we check that the failure of 'file3' caused 'file2' to
        # be removed from image['stores'], and that 'file3' is reported
        # as failed in the appropriate status list. Since the import
        # started with 'store1' being populated, that should remain,
        # but 'store2' should be reverted/removed.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file1', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])
        self.assertNotIn('file2', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])
        self.assertNotIn('file3', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])
        fail_key = 'os_glance_failed_import'
        pend_key = 'os_glance_importing_to_stores'
        self.assertEqual('file3', jsonutils.loads(response.text)[fail_key])
        self.assertEqual('', jsonutils.loads(response.text)[pend_key])

        # Copy newly created image to file2 and file3 stores and
        # all_stores_must_succeed set to false.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin'
        })

        data = jsonutils.dumps(
            {'method': {'name': 'copy-image'},
             'stores': ['file2', 'file3'],
             'all_stores_must_succeed': False})

        for i in range(0, 5):
            response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
            if response.status_code != http.CONFLICT:
                break
            # We might race with the revert of the previous task and do not
            # really have a good way to make sure that it's done. In order
            # to make sure we tolerate the 409 possibility when import
            # locking is added, gracefully wait a few times before failing.
            time.sleep(1)

        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is copied
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_copying(request_path=path,
                                    request_headers=self._headers(),
                                    stores=['file2'],
                                    max_sec=10,
                                    delay_sec=0.2,
                                    start_delay_sec=1,
                                    failure_scenario=True)

        # Ensure data is not deleted from existing stores as well as
        # from the stores where it is copied successfully
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file1', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])
        self.assertIn('file2', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])
        self.assertNotIn('file3', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Deleting image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_import_multi_stores_specifying_all_stores(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Image list should be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # web-download should be available in discovery response
        path = self._url('/v2/info/import')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['import-methods']['value']
        self.assertIn("web-download", discovery_calls)

        # file1 and file2 should be available in discovery response
        available_stores = ['file1', 'file2', 'file3']
        path = self._url('/v2/info/stores')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['stores']
        # os_glance_staging_store should not be available in discovery response
        for stores in discovery_calls:
            self.assertIn('id', stores)
            self.assertIn(stores['id'], available_stores)
            self.assertFalse(stores["id"].startswith("os_glance_"))

        # Create an image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Check 'OpenStack-image-store-ids' header present in response
        self.assertIn('OpenStack-image-store-ids', response.headers)
        for store in available_stores:
            self.assertIn(store, response.headers['OpenStack-image-store-ids'])

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value'
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': False,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Verify image is in queued state and checksum is None
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self, image_id,
                                                  status='queued')
        # Import image to multiple stores
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin'
        })

        # Start http server locally
        thread, httpd, port = test_utils.start_standalone_http_server()

        image_data_uri = 'http://localhost:%s/' % port
        data = jsonutils.dumps(
            {'method': {'name': 'web-download', 'uri': image_data_uri},
             'all_stores': True})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=40,
                                   delay_sec=0.2,
                                   start_delay_sec=1)
        with requests.get(image_data_uri) as r:
            expect_c = six.text_type(md5(r.content,
                                         usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
            expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(r.content).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(r.content),
                                                  status='active')

        # kill the local http server
        httpd.shutdown()
        httpd.server_close()

        # Ensure image is created in the two stores
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file3', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])
        self.assertIn('file2', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])
        self.assertIn('file1', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Deleting image should work
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_lifecycle(self):
        # Image list should be empty
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # file1 and file2 should be available in discovery response
        available_stores = ['file1', 'file2', 'file3']
        path = self._url('/v2/info/stores')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['stores']
        # os_glance_staging_store should not be available in discovery response
        for stores in discovery_calls:
            self.assertIn('id', stores)
            self.assertIn(stores['id'], available_stores)
            self.assertFalse(stores["id"].startswith("os_glance_"))

        # Create an image (with two deployer-defined properties)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'foo': 'bar', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki', 'abc': 'xyz',
                                'protected': True})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Check 'OpenStack-image-store-ids' header present in response
        self.assertIn('OpenStack-image-store-ids', response.headers)
        for store in available_stores:
            self.assertIn(store, response.headers['OpenStack-image-store-ids'])

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'foo',
            u'abc',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value'
        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': True,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'foo': 'bar',
            'abc': 'xyz',
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Try to download data before its uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers()
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Upload some image data
        image_data = b'OpenStack Rules, Other Clouds Drool'
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'})
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=image_data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        expect_c = six.text_type(md5(image_data,
                                     usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
        expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(image_data).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(image_data),
                                                  status='active')

        # Ensure image is created in default backend
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file1', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Try to download the data that was just uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual(expect_c, response.headers['Content-MD5'])
        self.assertEqual(image_data.decode('utf-8'), response.text)

        # Ensure the size is updated to reflect the data uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual(len(image_data),
                         jsonutils.loads(response.text)['size'])

        # Unprotect image for deletion
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        doc = [{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/protected', 'value': False}]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Deletion should work. Deleting image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # This image should be no longer be directly accessible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # And neither should its data
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers()
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()

    def test_image_lifecycle_different_backend(self):
        # Image list should be empty
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        # file1 and file2 should be available in discovery response
        available_stores = ['file1', 'file2', 'file3']
        path = self._url('/v2/info/stores')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        discovery_calls = jsonutils.loads(
            response.text)['stores']
        # os_glance_staging_store should not be available in discovery response
        for stores in discovery_calls:
            self.assertIn('id', stores)
            self.assertIn(stores['id'], available_stores)
            self.assertFalse(stores["id"].startswith("os_glance_"))

        # Create an image (with two deployer-defined properties)
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'foo': 'bar', 'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki', 'abc': 'xyz',
                                'protected': True})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        # Check 'OpenStack-image-store-ids' header present in response
        self.assertIn('OpenStack-image-store-ids', response.headers)
        for store in available_stores:
            self.assertIn(store, response.headers['OpenStack-image-store-ids'])

        # Returned image entity should have a generated id and status
        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']
        checked_keys = set([
            u'status',
            u'name',
            u'tags',
            u'created_at',
            u'updated_at',
            u'visibility',
            u'self',
            u'protected',
            u'id',
            u'file',
            u'min_disk',
            u'foo',
            u'abc',
            u'type',
            u'min_ram',
            u'schema',
            u'disk_format',
            u'container_format',
            u'owner',
            u'checksum',
            u'size',
            u'virtual_size',
            u'os_hidden',
            u'os_hash_algo',
            u'os_hash_value'

        ])
        self.assertEqual(checked_keys, set(image.keys()))
        expected_image = {
            'status': 'queued',
            'name': 'image-1',
            'tags': [],
            'visibility': 'shared',
            'self': '/v2/images/%s' % image_id,
            'protected': True,
            'file': '/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id,
            'min_disk': 0,
            'foo': 'bar',
            'abc': 'xyz',
            'type': 'kernel',
            'min_ram': 0,
            'schema': '/v2/schemas/image',
        }
        for key, value in expected_image.items():
            self.assertEqual(value, image[key], key)

        # Image list should now have one entry
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
        self.assertEqual(image_id, images[0]['id'])

        # Try to download data before its uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers()
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # Upload some image data
        image_data = b'just a passing glance'
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream',
            'X-Image-Meta-Store': 'file2'
        })
        response = requests.put(path, headers=headers, data=image_data)
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        expect_c = six.text_type(md5(image_data,
                                     usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
        expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(image_data).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(image_data),
                                                  status='active')

        # Ensure image is created in different backend
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file2', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Try to download the data that was just uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual(expect_c, response.headers['Content-MD5'])
        self.assertEqual(image_data.decode('utf-8'), response.text)

        # Ensure the size is updated to reflect the data uploaded
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual(len(image_data),
                         jsonutils.loads(response.text)['size'])

        # Unprotect image for deletion
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        media_type = 'application/openstack-images-v2.1-json-patch'
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': media_type})
        doc = [{'op': 'replace', 'path': '/protected', 'value': False}]
        data = jsonutils.dumps(doc)
        response = requests.patch(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code, response.text)

        # Deletion should work. Deleting image
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.delete(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

        # This image should be no longer be directly accessible
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # And neither should its data
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/file' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers()
        response = requests.get(path, headers=headers)
        self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

        # Image list should now be empty
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
        self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

        self.stop_servers()


class TestMultiStoreImageMembers(functional.MultipleBackendFunctionalTest):

    def setUp(self):
        super(TestMultiStoreImageMembers, self).setUp()
        self.cleanup()
        self.include_scrubber = False
        self.api_server_multiple_backend.deployment_flavor = 'noauth'
        for i in range(3):
            ret = test_utils.start_http_server("foo_image_id%d" % i,
                                               "foo_image%d" % i)
            setattr(self, 'http_server%d' % i, ret[1])
            setattr(self, 'http_port%d' % i, ret[2])

    def tearDown(self):
        for i in range(3):
            httpd = getattr(self, 'http_server%d' % i, None)
            if httpd:
                httpd.shutdown()
                httpd.server_close()

        super(TestMultiStoreImageMembers, self).tearDown()

    def _headers(self, custom_headers=None):
        base_headers = {
            'X-Identity-Status': 'Confirmed',
            'X-Auth-Token': '932c5c84-02ac-4fe5-a9ba-620af0e2bb96',
            'X-User-Id': 'f9a41d13-0c13-47e9-bee2-ce4e8bfe958e',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
            'X-Roles': 'reader,member',
        }
        base_headers.update(custom_headers or {})
        return base_headers

    def test_image_member_lifecycle_for_multiple_stores(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        try:
            def get_header(tenant, tenant_id=None, role=''):
                return self._headers(custom_headers=get_auth_header(
                    tenant, tenant_id, role))

            # Image list should be empty
            path = self._url('/v2/images')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header('tenant1'))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

            owners = ['tenant1', 'tenant2', 'admin']
            visibilities = ['community', 'private', 'public', 'shared']
            image_fixture = []
            for owner in owners:
                for visibility in visibilities:
                    path = self._url('/v2/images')
                    role = 'member'
                    if visibility == 'public':
                        role = 'admin'

                    headers = self._headers(custom_headers={
                        'content-type': 'application/json',
                        'X-Auth-Token': 'createuser:%s:admin' % owner,
                        'X-Roles': role,
                    })
                    data = jsonutils.dumps({
                        'name': '%s-%s' % (owner, visibility),
                        'visibility': visibility,
                    })
                    response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
                    self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)
                    image_fixture.append(jsonutils.loads(response.text))

            # Image list should contain 12 images for tenant1
            path = self._url('/v2/images')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header('tenant1'))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(12, len(images))

            # Image list should contain 3 images for TENANT3
            path = self._url('/v2/images')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(3, len(images))

            # Add Image member for tenant1-shared image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[3]['id'])
            body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT3})
            response = requests.post(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1), data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            image_member = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
            self.assertEqual(image_fixture[3]['id'], image_member['image_id'])
            self.assertEqual(TENANT3, image_member['member_id'])
            self.assertIn('created_at', image_member)
            self.assertIn('updated_at', image_member)
            self.assertEqual('pending', image_member['status'])

            # Image list should contain 3 images for TENANT3
            path = self._url('/v2/images')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(3, len(images))

            # Image list should contain 0 shared images for TENANT3
            # because default is accepted
            path = self._url('/v2/images?visibility=shared')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

            # Image list should contain 4 images for TENANT3 with status
            # pending
            path = self._url('/v2/images?member_status=pending')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(4, len(images))

            # Image list should contain 4 images for TENANT3 with status all
            path = self._url('/v2/images?member_status=all')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(4, len(images))

            # Image list should contain 1 image for TENANT3 with status pending
            # and visibility shared
            path = self._url(
                '/v2/images?member_status=pending&visibility=shared')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(1, len(images))
            self.assertEqual(images[0]['name'], 'tenant1-shared')

            # Image list should contain 0 image for TENANT3 with status
            # rejected and visibility shared
            path = self._url(
                '/v2/images?member_status=rejected&visibility=shared')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

            # Image list should contain 0 image for TENANT3 with status
            # accepted and visibility shared
            path = self._url(
                '/v2/images?member_status=accepted&visibility=shared')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

            # Image list should contain 0 image for TENANT3 with status
            # accepted and visibility private
            path = self._url('/v2/images?visibility=private')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(0, len(images))

            # Image tenant2-shared's image members list should contain
            # no members
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[7]['id'])
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header('tenant2'))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
            self.assertEqual(0, len(body['members']))

            # Tenant 1, who is the owner cannot change status of image member
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[3]['id'], TENANT3))
            body = jsonutils.dumps({'status': 'accepted'})
            response = requests.put(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1), data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Tenant 1, who is the owner can get status of its own image member
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[3]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
            self.assertEqual('pending', body['status'])
            self.assertEqual(image_fixture[3]['id'], body['image_id'])
            self.assertEqual(TENANT3, body['member_id'])

            # Tenant 3, who is the member can get status of its own status
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[3]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
            self.assertEqual('pending', body['status'])
            self.assertEqual(image_fixture[3]['id'], body['image_id'])
            self.assertEqual(TENANT3, body['member_id'])

            # Tenant 2, who not the owner cannot get status of image member
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[3]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant2', tenant_id=TENANT2))
            self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

            # Tenant 3 can change status of image member
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[3]['id'], TENANT3))
            body = jsonutils.dumps({'status': 'accepted'})
            response = requests.put(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3), data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            image_member = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
            self.assertEqual(image_fixture[3]['id'], image_member['image_id'])
            self.assertEqual(TENANT3, image_member['member_id'])
            self.assertEqual('accepted', image_member['status'])

            # Image list should contain 4 images for TENANT3 because status is
            # accepted
            path = self._url('/v2/images')
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            images = jsonutils.loads(response.text)['images']
            self.assertEqual(4, len(images))

            # Tenant 3 invalid status change
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[3]['id'], TENANT3))
            body = jsonutils.dumps({'status': 'invalid-status'})
            response = requests.put(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3), data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.BAD_REQUEST, response.status_code)

            # Owner cannot change status of image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[3]['id'], TENANT3))
            body = jsonutils.dumps({'status': 'accepted'})
            response = requests.put(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1), data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Add Image member for tenant2-shared image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[7]['id'])
            body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT4})
            response = requests.post(path, headers=get_header('tenant2'),
                                     data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            image_member = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
            self.assertEqual(image_fixture[7]['id'], image_member['image_id'])
            self.assertEqual(TENANT4, image_member['member_id'])
            self.assertIn('created_at', image_member)
            self.assertIn('updated_at', image_member)

            # Add Image member to public image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[2]['id'])
            body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT2})
            response = requests.post(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1), data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Add Image member to private image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[1]['id'])
            body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT2})
            response = requests.post(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1), data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Add Image member to community image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[0]['id'])
            body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': TENANT2})
            response = requests.post(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1), data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Image tenant1-shared's members list should contain 1 member
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[3]['id'])
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
            self.assertEqual(1, len(body['members']))

            # Admin can see any members
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[3]['id'])
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header('tenant1',
                                                             tenant_id=TENANT1,
                                                             role='admin'))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
            self.assertEqual(1, len(body['members']))

            # Image members forbidden for public image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[2]['id'])
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertIn("Only shared images have members", response.text)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Image members forbidden for community image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[0]['id'])
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertIn("Only shared images have members", response.text)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Image members forbidden for private image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[1]['id'])
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertIn("Only shared images have members", response.text)
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Image Member Cannot delete Image membership
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[3]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.delete(path, headers=get_header(
                TENANT3, tenant_id=TENANT3))
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Delete Image member
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[3]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.delete(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertEqual(http.NO_CONTENT, response.status_code)

            # Now the image has no members
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[3]['id'])
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
            body = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
            self.assertEqual(0, len(body['members']))

            # Adding 11 image members should fail since configured limit is 10
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members' % image_fixture[3]['id'])
            for i in range(10):
                body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': str(uuid.uuid4())})
                response = requests.post(path, headers=get_header(
                    'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1), data=body)
                self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)

            body = jsonutils.dumps({'member': str(uuid.uuid4())})
            response = requests.post(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1), data=body)
            self.assertEqual(http.REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE,
                             response.status_code)

            # Get Image member should return not found for public image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[2]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

            # Get Image member should return not found for community image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[0]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

            # Get Image member should return not found for private image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[1]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.get(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertEqual(http.NOT_FOUND, response.status_code)

            # Delete Image member should return forbidden for public image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[2]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.delete(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Delete Image member should return forbidden for community image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[0]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.delete(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

            # Delete Image member should return forbidden for private image
            path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/members/%s' % (
                image_fixture[1]['id'], TENANT3))
            response = requests.delete(path, headers=get_header(
                'tenant1', tenant_id=TENANT1))
            self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)
        except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError as e:
            # NOTE(abhishekk): This test fails intermittently for py37
            # environment refer,
            # https://bugs.launchpad.net/glance/+bug/1873735
            self.skipTest("Remote connection closed abruptly: %s" % e.args[0])

        self.stop_servers()


class TestCopyImagePermissions(functional.MultipleBackendFunctionalTest):

    def setUp(self):
        super(TestCopyImagePermissions, self).setUp()
        self.cleanup()
        self.include_scrubber = False
        self.api_server_multiple_backend.deployment_flavor = 'noauth'

    def _headers(self, custom_headers=None):
        base_headers = {
            'X-Identity-Status': 'Confirmed',
            'X-Auth-Token': '932c5c84-02ac-4fe5-a9ba-620af0e2bb96',
            'X-User-Id': 'f9a41d13-0c13-47e9-bee2-ce4e8bfe958e',
            'X-Tenant-Id': TENANT1,
            'X-Roles': 'reader,member',
        }
        base_headers.update(custom_headers or {})
        return base_headers

    def _create_and_import_image_data(self):
        # Create a public image
        path = self._url('/v2/images')
        headers = self._headers({'content-type': 'application/json'})
        data = jsonutils.dumps({'name': 'image-1', 'type': 'kernel',
                                'visibility': 'public',
                                'disk_format': 'aki',
                                'container_format': 'aki'})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.CREATED, response.status_code)

        image = jsonutils.loads(response.text)
        image_id = image['id']

        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'X-Roles': 'admin'
        })

        # Start http server locally
        thread, httpd, port = test_utils.start_standalone_http_server()

        image_data_uri = 'http://localhost:%s/' % port
        data = jsonutils.dumps(
            {'method': {'name': 'web-download', 'uri': image_data_uri},
             'stores': ['file1']})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is in active state and checksum is set
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_status(request_path=path,
                                   request_headers=self._headers(),
                                   status='active',
                                   max_sec=40,
                                   delay_sec=0.2,
                                   start_delay_sec=1)
        with requests.get(image_data_uri) as r:
            expect_c = six.text_type(md5(r.content,
                                         usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest())
            expect_h = six.text_type(hashlib.sha512(r.content).hexdigest())
        func_utils.verify_image_hashes_and_status(self,
                                                  image_id,
                                                  checksum=expect_c,
                                                  os_hash_value=expect_h,
                                                  size=len(r.content),
                                                  status='active')

        # kill the local http server
        httpd.shutdown()
        httpd.server_close()

        return image_id

    def _test_copy_public_image_as_non_admin(self):
        self.start_servers(**self.__dict__.copy())

        # Create a publicly-visible image as TENANT1
        image_id = self._create_and_import_image_data()

        # Ensure image is created in the one store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertEqual('file1', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])

        # Copy newly created image to file2 store as TENANT2
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id)
        headers = self._headers({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
        })
        headers = get_auth_header(TENANT2, TENANT2,
                                  role='reader,member', headers=headers)
        data = jsonutils.dumps(
            {'method': {'name': 'copy-image'},
             'stores': ['file2']})
        response = requests.post(path, headers=headers, data=data)
        return image_id, response

    def test_copy_public_image_as_non_admin(self):
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "get_image": "",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted": "",
            "download_image": "",
            "add_member": "",
            "publicize_image": "",
            "copy_image": "role:admin",
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)

        image_id, response = self._test_copy_public_image_as_non_admin()
        # Expect failure to copy another user's image
        self.assertEqual(http.FORBIDDEN, response.status_code)

    def test_copy_public_image_as_non_admin_permitted(self):
        rules = {
            "context_is_admin": "role:admin",
            "default": "",
            "add_image": "",
            "get_image": "",
            "modify_image": "",
            "upload_image": "",
            "get_image_location": "",
            "delete_image": "",
            "restricted": "",
            "download_image": "",
            "add_member": "",
            "publicize_image": "",
            "copy_image": "'public':%(visibility)s",
        }

        self.set_policy_rules(rules)

        image_id, response = self._test_copy_public_image_as_non_admin()
        # Expect success because image is public
        self.assertEqual(http.ACCEPTED, response.status_code)

        # Verify image is copied
        # NOTE(abhishekk): As import is a async call we need to provide
        # some timelap to complete the call.
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        func_utils.wait_for_copying(request_path=path,
                                    request_headers=self._headers(),
                                    stores=['file2'],
                                    max_sec=40,
                                    delay_sec=0.2,
                                    start_delay_sec=1)

        # Ensure image is copied to the file2 and file3 store
        path = self._url('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        response = requests.get(path, headers=self._headers())
        self.assertEqual(http.OK, response.status_code)
        self.assertIn('file2', jsonutils.loads(response.text)['stores'])


class TestImportProxy(functional.SynchronousAPIBase):
    """Test the image import proxy-to-stage-worker behavior.

    This is done as a SynchronousAPIBase test with one mock for a couple of
    reasons:

    1. The main functional tests can't handle a call with a token
       inside because of their paste config. Even if they did, they would
       not be able to validate it.
    2. The main functional tests don't support multiple API workers with
       separate config and making them work that way is non-trivial.

    Functional tests are fairly synthetic and fixing or hacking over
    the above push us only further so. Using theh Synchronous API
    method is vastly easier, easier to verify, and tests the
    integration across the API calls, which is what is important.
    """

    def setUp(self):
        super(TestImportProxy, self).setUp()
        # Emulate a keystoneauth1 client for service-to-service communication
        self.ksa_client = self.useFixture(
            fixtures.MockPatch('glance.context.get_ksa_client')).mock

    def test_import_proxy(self):
        resp = requests.Response()
        resp.status_code = 202
        resp.headers['x-openstack-request-id'] = 'req-remote'
        self.ksa_client.return_value.post.return_value = resp

        # Stage it on worker1
        self.config(worker_self_reference_url='http://worker1')
        self.start_server()
        image_id = self._create_and_stage()

        # Make sure we can't see the stage host key
        image = self.api_get('/v2/images/%s' % image_id).json
        self.assertIn('container_format', image)
        self.assertNotIn('os_glance_stage_host', image)

        # Import call goes to worker2
        self.config(worker_self_reference_url='http://worker2')
        self.start_server()
        r = self._import_direct(image_id, ['store1'])

        # Assert that it was proxied back to worker1
        self.assertEqual(202, r.status_code)
        self.assertEqual('req-remote', r.headers['x-openstack-request-id'])
        self.ksa_client.return_value.post.assert_called_once_with(
            'http://worker1/v2/images/%s/import' % image_id,
            timeout=60,
            json={'method': {'name': 'glance-direct'},
                  'stores': ['store1'],
                  'all_stores': False})

    def test_import_proxy_fail_on_remote(self):
        resp = requests.Response()
        resp.url = '/v2'
        resp.status_code = 409
        resp.reason = 'Something Failed (tm)'
        self.ksa_client.return_value.post.return_value = resp
        self.ksa_client.return_value.delete.return_value = resp

        # Stage it on worker1
        self.config(worker_self_reference_url='http://worker1')
        self.start_server()
        image_id = self._create_and_stage()

        # Import call goes to worker2
        self.config(worker_self_reference_url='http://worker2')
        self.start_server()
        r = self._import_direct(image_id, ['store1'])

        # Make sure we see the relevant details from worker1
        self.assertEqual(409, r.status_code)
        self.assertEqual('409 Something Failed (tm)', r.status)

        # For a 40x, we should get the same on delete
        r = self.api_delete('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        self.assertEqual(409, r.status_code)
        self.assertEqual('409 Something Failed (tm)', r.status)

    def _test_import_proxy_fail_requests(self, error, status):
        self.ksa_client.return_value.post.side_effect = error
        self.ksa_client.return_value.delete.side_effect = error

        # Stage it on worker1
        self.config(worker_self_reference_url='http://worker1')
        self.start_server()
        image_id = self._create_and_stage()

        # Import call goes to worker2
        self.config(worker_self_reference_url='http://worker2')
        self.start_server()
        r = self._import_direct(image_id, ['store1'])
        self.assertEqual(status, r.status)
        self.assertIn(b'Stage host is unavailable', r.body)

        # Make sure we can still delete it
        r = self.api_delete('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        self.assertEqual(204, r.status_code)
        r = self.api_get('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        self.assertEqual(404, r.status_code)

    def test_import_proxy_connection_refused(self):
        self._test_import_proxy_fail_requests(
            requests.exceptions.ConnectionError(),
            '504 Gateway Timeout')

    def test_import_proxy_connection_timeout(self):
        self._test_import_proxy_fail_requests(
            requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout(),
            '504 Gateway Timeout')

    def test_import_proxy_connection_unknown_error(self):
        self._test_import_proxy_fail_requests(
            requests.exceptions.RequestException(),
            '502 Bad Gateway')


def get_enforcer_class(limits):
    class FakeEnforcer:
        def __init__(self, callback):
            self._callback = callback

        def enforce(self, project_id, values):
            for name, delta in values.items():
                current = self._callback(project_id, values.keys())
                if current.get(name) + delta > limits.get(name, 0):
                    raise ol_exc.ProjectOverLimit(
                        project_id=project_id,
                        over_limit_info_list=[ol_exc.OverLimitInfo(
                            name, limits.get(name), current.get(name), delta)])

    return FakeEnforcer


class TestKeystoneQuotas(functional.SynchronousAPIBase):
    def setUp(self):
        super(TestKeystoneQuotas, self).setUp()
        self.config(use_keystone_limits=True)
        self.config(filesystem_store_datadir='/tmp/foo',
                    group='os_glance_tasks_store')

        self.enforcer_mock = self.useFixture(
            fixtures.MockPatchObject(ks_quota, 'limit')).mock

    def set_limit(self, limits):
        self.enforcer_mock.Enforcer = get_enforcer_class(limits)

    def test_upload(self):
        # Set a quota of 5MiB
        self.set_limit({'image_size_total': 5,
                        'image_count_total': 10,
                        'image_count_uploading': 10})
        self.start_server()

        # First upload of 3MiB is good
        image_id = self._create_and_upload(
            data_iter=test_utils.FakeData(3 * units.Mi))

        # Second upload of 3MiB is allowed to complete, but leaves us
        # over-quota
        self._create_and_upload(
            data_iter=test_utils.FakeData(3 * units.Mi))

        # Third upload of any size fails because we are now over quota
        self._create_and_upload(expected_code=413)

        # Delete one image, which should put us under quota
        self.api_delete('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)

        # Upload should now succeed
        self._create_and_upload()

    def test_import(self):
        # Set a quota of 5MiB
        self.set_limit({'image_size_total': 5,
                        'image_count_total': 10,
                        'image_count_uploading': 10})
        self.start_server()

        # First upload of 3MiB is good
        image_id = self._create_and_upload(
            data_iter=test_utils.FakeData(3 * units.Mi))

        # Second upload of 3MiB is allowed to complete, but leaves us
        # over-quota
        self._create_and_upload(data_iter=test_utils.FakeData(3 * units.Mi))

        # Attempt to import of any size fails because we are now over quota
        self._create_and_import(stores=['store1'], expected_code=413)

        # Delete one image, which should put us under quota
        self.api_delete('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)

        # Import should now succeed
        self._create_and_import(stores=['store1'])

    def test_import_would_go_over(self):
        # Set a quota limit of 5MiB
        self.set_limit({'image_size_total': 5,
                        'image_count_total': 10,
                        'image_count_uploading': 10})
        self.start_server()

        # First upload of 3MiB is good
        image_id = self._create_and_upload(
            data_iter=test_utils.FakeData(3 * units.Mi))

        # Stage a 3MiB image for later import
        import_id = self._create_and_stage(
            data_iter=test_utils.FakeData(3 * units.Mi))

        # Import should fail the task because it would put us over our
        # 5MiB quota
        self._import_direct(import_id, ['store1'])
        image = self._wait_for_import(import_id)
        task = self._get_latest_task(import_id)
        self.assertEqual('failure', task['status'])
        self.assertIn(('image_size_total is over limit of 5 due to '
                       'current usage 3 and delta 3'), task['message'])

        # Delete the first image to make space
        resp = self.api_delete('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)
        self.assertEqual(204, resp.status_code)

        # Stage a 3MiB image for later import (this must be done
        # because a failed import cannot go back to 'uploading' status)
        import_id = self._create_and_stage(
            data_iter=test_utils.FakeData(3 * units.Mi))
        # Make sure the import is possible now
        resp = self._import_direct(import_id, ['store1'])
        self.assertEqual(202, resp.status_code)
        image = self._wait_for_import(import_id)
        self.assertEqual('active', image['status'])
        task = self._get_latest_task(import_id)
        self.assertEqual('success', task['status'])

    def test_copy(self):
        # Set a size quota of 5MiB, with more staging quota than we need.
        self.set_limit({'image_size_total': 5,
                        'image_count_total': 10,
                        'image_stage_total': 15,
                        'image_count_uploading': 10})
        self.start_server()

        # First import of 3MiB is good
        image_id = self._create_and_import(
            stores=['store1'],
            data_iter=test_utils.FakeData(3 * units.Mi))

        # Second copy is allowed to complete, but leaves us us at
        # 6MiB of total usage, over quota
        req = self._import_copy(image_id, ['store2'])
        self.assertEqual(202, req.status_code)
        self._wait_for_import(image_id)
        self.assertEqual('success', self._get_latest_task(image_id)['status'])

        # Third copy should fail because we're over total size quota.
        req = self._import_copy(image_id, ['store3'])
        self.assertEqual(413, req.status_code)

        # Set our size quota to have enough space, but restrict our
        # staging quota to below the required size to stage the image
        # before copy. This request should succeed, but the copy task
        # should fail the staging quota check.
        self.set_limit({'image_size_total': 15,
                        'image_count_total': 10,
                        'image_stage_total': 5,
                        'image_count_uploading': 10})
        req = self._import_copy(image_id, ['store3'])
        self.assertEqual(202, req.status_code)
        self._wait_for_import(image_id)
        self.assertEqual('failure', self._get_latest_task(image_id)['status'])

        # If we increase our stage quota, we should now be able to copy.
        self.set_limit({'image_size_total': 15,
                        'image_count_total': 10,
                        'image_stage_total': 10,
                        'image_count_uploading': 10})
        req = self._import_copy(image_id, ['store3'])
        self.assertEqual(202, req.status_code)
        self._wait_for_import(image_id)
        self.assertEqual('success', self._get_latest_task(image_id)['status'])

    def test_stage(self):
        # Set a quota of 5MiB
        self.set_limit({'image_size_total': 15,
                        'image_stage_total': 5,
                        'image_count_total': 10,
                        'image_count_uploading': 10})
        self.start_server()

        # Stage 6MiB, which is allowed to complete, but leaves us over
        # quota
        image_id = self._create_and_stage(
            data_iter=test_utils.FakeData(6 * units.Mi))

        # Second stage fails because we are out of quota
        self._create_and_stage(expected_code=413)

        # Make sure that a web-download fails to actually run.
        image_id2 = self._create().json['id']
        req = self._import_web_download(image_id2, ['store1'],
                                        'http://example.com/foo.img')
        self.assertEqual(202, req.status_code)
        self._wait_for_import(image_id2)
        task = self._get_latest_task(image_id2)
        self.assertEqual('failure', task['status'])
        self.assertIn('image_stage_total is over limit', task['message'])

        # Finish importing one of the images, which should put us under quota
        # for staging
        req = self._import_direct(image_id, ['store1'])
        self.assertEqual(202, req.status_code)
        self._wait_for_import(image_id)

        # Stage should now succeed because we have freed up quota
        self._create_and_stage(
            data_iter=test_utils.FakeData(6 * units.Mi))

    def test_create(self):
        # Set a quota of 2 images
        self.set_limit({'image_size_total': 15,
                        'image_count_total': 2,
                        'image_count_uploading': 10})
        self.start_server()

        # Create one image
        image_id = self._create().json['id']

        # Create a second. This leaves us *at* quota
        self._create()

        # Attempt to create a third is rejected as OverLimit
        resp = self._create()
        self.assertEqual(413, resp.status_code)

        # Delete one image, which should put us under quota
        self.api_delete('/v2/images/%s' % image_id)

        # Now we can create that third image
        self._create()

    def test_uploading_methods(self):
        self.set_limit({'image_size_total': 100,
                        'image_stage_total': 100,
                        'image_count_total': 100,
                        'image_count_uploading': 1})
        self.start_server()

        # Create and stage one image. We are now at quota for count_uploading.
        image_id = self._create_and_stage()

        # Make sure we can not stage any more images.
        self._create_and_stage(expected_code=413)

        # Make sure we can not upload any more images.
        self._create_and_upload(expected_code=413)

        # Finish importing one of the images, which should put us under quota
        # for count_uploading.
        resp = self._import_direct(image_id, ['store1'])
        self.assertEqual(202, resp.status_code)
        self.assertEqual('active', self._wait_for_import(image_id)['status'])

        # Make sure we can upload now.
        self._create_and_upload()

        # Stage another, which should put us at quota for count_uploading.
        image_id2 = self._create_and_stage()

        # Start a copy. The request should succeed (because async) but
        # the task should ultimately fail because we are over quota.
        # NOTE(danms): It would be nice to try to do another copy or
        # upload while this is running, but since the task is fully
        # async and the copy happens quickly, we can't really time it
        # to avoid an unstable test (without some mocking).
        resp = self._import_copy(image_id, ['store2'])
        self.assertEqual(202, resp.status_code)
        self._wait_for_import(image_id)
        task = self._get_latest_task(image_id)
        self.assertEqual('failure', task['status'])
        self.assertIn('Resource image_count_uploading is over limit',
                      task['message'])

        # Finish the staged import.
        self._import_direct(image_id2, ['store1'])
        self.assertEqual(202, resp.status_code)
        self._wait_for_import(image_id2)

        # Make sure we can upload again after the import finishes.
        self._create_and_upload()

        # Re-try the copy that should now succeed and wait for it to
        # finish.
        resp = self._import_copy(image_id, ['store2'])
        self.assertEqual(202, resp.status_code)
        self._wait_for_import(image_id)
        task = self._get_latest_task(image_id)
        self.assertEqual('success', task['status'])

        # Make sure we can still upload.
        self._create_and_upload()

        # Make sure we can still import.
        self._create_and_import(stores=['store1'])
