/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Project:  Elasticsearch Translator
 * Purpose:
 * Author:
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 2011, Adam Estrada
 * Copyright (c) 2012, Even Rouault <even dot rouault at spatialys.com>
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
 * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 ****************************************************************************/

#include "ogr_elastic.h"
#include "cpl_conv.h"
#include "cpl_string.h"
#include "cpl_csv.h"
#include "cpl_http.h"
#include "ogrgeojsonreader.h"
#include "ogr_swq.h"

/************************************************************************/
/*                        OGRElasticDataSource()                        */
/************************************************************************/

OGRElasticDataSource::OGRElasticDataSource()
    : m_pszName(nullptr), m_bOverwrite(false), m_nBulkUpload(0),
      m_pszWriteMap(nullptr), m_pszMapping(nullptr), m_nBatchSize(100),
      m_nFeatureCountToEstablishFeatureDefn(100), m_bJSonField(false),
      m_bFlattenNestedAttributes(true)
{
    const char *pszWriteMapIn = CPLGetConfigOption("ES_WRITEMAP", nullptr);
    if (pszWriteMapIn != nullptr)
    {
        m_pszWriteMap = CPLStrdup(pszWriteMapIn);
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                       ~OGRElasticDataSource()                        */
/************************************************************************/

OGRElasticDataSource::~OGRElasticDataSource()
{
    m_apoLayers.clear();
    CPLFree(m_pszName);
    CPLFree(m_pszMapping);
    CPLFree(m_pszWriteMap);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           TestCapability()                           */
/************************************************************************/

int OGRElasticDataSource::TestCapability(const char *pszCap)
{
    if (EQUAL(pszCap, ODsCCreateLayer) || EQUAL(pszCap, ODsCDeleteLayer) ||
        EQUAL(pszCap, ODsCCreateGeomFieldAfterCreateLayer))
    {
        return GetAccess() == GA_Update;
    }

    return FALSE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             GetIndexList()                           */
/************************************************************************/

std::vector<std::string>
OGRElasticDataSource::GetIndexList(const char *pszQueriedIndexName)
{
    std::vector<std::string> aosList;
    std::string osURL(m_osURL);
    osURL += "/_cat/indices";
    if (pszQueriedIndexName)
    {
        osURL += '/';
        osURL += pszQueriedIndexName;
    }
    osURL += "?h=i";
    CPLHTTPResult *psResult = HTTPFetch(osURL.c_str(), nullptr);
    if (psResult == nullptr || psResult->pszErrBuf != nullptr ||
        psResult->pabyData == nullptr)
    {
        CPLHTTPDestroyResult(psResult);
        return aosList;
    }

    char *pszCur = (char *)psResult->pabyData;
    char *pszNextEOL = strchr(pszCur, '\n');
    while (pszNextEOL && pszNextEOL > pszCur)
    {
        *pszNextEOL = '\0';

        char *pszBeforeEOL = pszNextEOL - 1;
        while (*pszBeforeEOL == ' ')
        {
            *pszBeforeEOL = '\0';
            pszBeforeEOL--;
        }

        const char *pszIndexName = pszCur;

        pszCur = pszNextEOL + 1;
        pszNextEOL = strchr(pszCur, '\n');

        if (STARTS_WITH(pszIndexName, ".security") ||
            STARTS_WITH(pszIndexName, ".monitoring") ||
            STARTS_WITH(pszIndexName, ".geoip_databases"))
        {
            continue;
        }

        aosList.push_back(pszIndexName);
    }
    CPLHTTPDestroyResult(psResult);

    return aosList;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             GetLayerCount()                          */
/************************************************************************/

int OGRElasticDataSource::GetLayerCount()
{
    if (m_bAllLayersListed)
    {
        if (m_poAggregationLayer)
            return 1;
        return static_cast<int>(m_apoLayers.size());
    }
    m_bAllLayersListed = true;

    const auto aosList = GetIndexList(nullptr);
    for (const std::string &osIndexName : aosList)
    {
        FetchMapping(osIndexName.c_str());
    }

    return static_cast<int>(m_apoLayers.size());
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            FetchMapping()                            */
/************************************************************************/

void OGRElasticDataSource::FetchMapping(
    const char *pszIndexName, std::set<CPLString> &oSetLayers,
    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<OGRElasticLayer>> &apoLayers)
{
    if (oSetLayers.find(pszIndexName) != oSetLayers.end())
        return;

    CPLString osURL(m_osURL + CPLString("/") + pszIndexName +
                    CPLString("/_mapping?pretty"));
    json_object *poRes = RunRequest(osURL, nullptr, std::vector<int>({403}));
    if (poRes)
    {
        json_object *poLayerObj =
            CPL_json_object_object_get(poRes, pszIndexName);
        json_object *poMappings = nullptr;
        if (poLayerObj && json_object_get_type(poLayerObj) == json_type_object)
            poMappings = CPL_json_object_object_get(poLayerObj, "mappings");
        if (poMappings && json_object_get_type(poMappings) == json_type_object)
        {
            std::vector<CPLString> aosMappings;
            if (m_nMajorVersion < 7)
            {
                json_object_iter it;
                it.key = nullptr;
                it.val = nullptr;
                it.entry = nullptr;
                json_object_object_foreachC(poMappings, it)
                {
                    aosMappings.push_back(it.key);
                }

                if (aosMappings.size() == 1 &&
                    (aosMappings[0] == "FeatureCollection" ||
                     aosMappings[0] == "default"))
                {
                    oSetLayers.insert(pszIndexName);
                    OGRElasticLayer *poLayer = new OGRElasticLayer(
                        pszIndexName, pszIndexName, aosMappings[0], this,
                        papszOpenOptions);
                    poLayer->InitFeatureDefnFromMapping(
                        CPL_json_object_object_get(poMappings, aosMappings[0]),
                        "", std::vector<CPLString>());
                    apoLayers.push_back(
                        std::unique_ptr<OGRElasticLayer>(poLayer));
                }
                else
                {
                    for (size_t i = 0; i < aosMappings.size(); i++)
                    {
                        CPLString osLayerName(pszIndexName + CPLString("_") +
                                              aosMappings[i]);
                        if (oSetLayers.find(osLayerName) == oSetLayers.end())
                        {
                            oSetLayers.insert(osLayerName);
                            OGRElasticLayer *poLayer = new OGRElasticLayer(
                                osLayerName, pszIndexName, aosMappings[i], this,
                                papszOpenOptions);
                            poLayer->InitFeatureDefnFromMapping(
                                CPL_json_object_object_get(poMappings,
                                                           aosMappings[i]),
                                "", std::vector<CPLString>());

                            apoLayers.push_back(
                                std::unique_ptr<OGRElasticLayer>(poLayer));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                oSetLayers.insert(pszIndexName);
                OGRElasticLayer *poLayer = new OGRElasticLayer(
                    pszIndexName, pszIndexName, "", this, papszOpenOptions);
                poLayer->InitFeatureDefnFromMapping(poMappings, "",
                                                    std::vector<CPLString>());
                apoLayers.push_back(std::unique_ptr<OGRElasticLayer>(poLayer));
            }
        }

        json_object_put(poRes);
    }
}

void OGRElasticDataSource::FetchMapping(const char *pszIndexName)
{
    FetchMapping(pszIndexName, m_oSetLayers, m_apoLayers);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            GetLayerByName()                          */
/************************************************************************/

OGRLayer *OGRElasticDataSource::GetLayerByName(const char *pszName)
{
    const bool bIsMultipleTargetName =
        strchr(pszName, '*') != nullptr || strchr(pszName, ',') != nullptr;
    if (!m_bAllLayersListed)
    {
        for (auto &poLayer : m_apoLayers)
        {
            if (EQUAL(poLayer->GetName(), pszName))
            {
                return poLayer.get();
            }
        }
        if (!bIsMultipleTargetName)
        {
            size_t nSizeBefore = m_apoLayers.size();
            FetchMapping(pszName);
            const char *pszLastUnderscore = strrchr(pszName, '_');
            if (pszLastUnderscore && m_apoLayers.size() == nSizeBefore)
            {
                CPLString osIndexName(pszName);
                osIndexName.resize(pszLastUnderscore - pszName);
                FetchMapping(osIndexName);
            }
            for (auto &poLayer : m_apoLayers)
            {
                if (EQUAL(poLayer->GetIndexName(), pszName))
                {
                    return poLayer.get();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        auto poLayer = GDALDataset::GetLayerByName(pszName);
        if (poLayer)
            return poLayer;
    }

    if (!bIsMultipleTargetName)
    {
        return nullptr;
    }

    // Deal with wildcard layer names
    std::string osSanitizedName(pszName);
    const auto nPos = osSanitizedName.find(",-");
    if (nPos != std::string::npos)
        osSanitizedName.resize(nPos);
    const auto aosList = GetIndexList(osSanitizedName.c_str());
    if (aosList.empty() || aosList[0].find('*') != std::string::npos ||
        aosList[0].find(',') != std::string::npos)
    {
        return nullptr;
    }

    // For the sake of simplicity, take the schema of one the layers/indices
    // that match the wildcard.
    // We could potentially issue a /wildcard*/_mapping request and build a
    // schema that merges all mappings, but that would be more involved.
    auto poReferenceLayer =
        dynamic_cast<OGRElasticLayer *>(GetLayerByName(aosList[0].c_str()));
    if (poReferenceLayer == nullptr)
        return nullptr;

    m_apoLayers.push_back(
        cpl::make_unique<OGRElasticLayer>(pszName, poReferenceLayer));
    return m_apoLayers.back().get();
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              GetLayer()                              */
/************************************************************************/

OGRLayer *OGRElasticDataSource::GetLayer(int iLayer)
{
    const int nLayers = GetLayerCount();
    if (iLayer < 0 || iLayer >= nLayers)
        return nullptr;
    else
    {
        if (m_poAggregationLayer)
            return m_poAggregationLayer.get();
        return m_apoLayers[iLayer].get();
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            DeleteLayer()                             */
/************************************************************************/

OGRErr OGRElasticDataSource::DeleteLayer(int iLayer)

{
    if (eAccess != GA_Update)
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                 "Dataset opened in read-only mode");
        return OGRERR_FAILURE;
    }

    GetLayerCount();
    if (iLayer < 0 || iLayer >= static_cast<int>(m_apoLayers.size()))
        return OGRERR_FAILURE;

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Blow away our OGR structures related to the layer.  This is     */
    /*      pretty dangerous if anything has a reference to this layer!     */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    CPLString osLayerName = m_apoLayers[iLayer]->GetName();
    CPLString osIndex = m_apoLayers[iLayer]->GetIndexName();
    CPLString osMapping = m_apoLayers[iLayer]->GetMappingName();

    bool bSeveralMappings = false;
    json_object *poIndexResponse =
        RunRequest(CPLSPrintf("%s/%s", GetURL(), osIndex.c_str()), nullptr);
    if (poIndexResponse)
    {
        json_object *poIndex =
            CPL_json_object_object_get(poIndexResponse, osMapping);
        if (poIndex != nullptr)
        {
            json_object *poMappings =
                CPL_json_object_object_get(poIndex, "mappings");
            if (poMappings != nullptr)
            {
                bSeveralMappings = json_object_object_length(poMappings) > 1;
            }
        }
        json_object_put(poIndexResponse);
    }
    // Deletion of one mapping in an index was supported in ES 1.X, but
    // considered unsafe and removed in later versions
    if (bSeveralMappings)
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                 "%s/%s already exists, but other mappings also exist in "
                 "this index. "
                 "You have to delete the whole index.",
                 osIndex.c_str(), osMapping.c_str());
        return OGRERR_FAILURE;
    }

    CPLDebug("ES", "DeleteLayer(%s)", osLayerName.c_str());

    m_oSetLayers.erase(osLayerName);
    m_apoLayers.erase(m_apoLayers.begin() + iLayer);

    Delete(CPLSPrintf("%s/%s", GetURL(), osIndex.c_str()));

    return OGRERR_NONE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           ICreateLayer()                             */
/************************************************************************/

OGRLayer *OGRElasticDataSource::ICreateLayer(const char *pszLayerName,
                                             const OGRSpatialReference *poSRS,
                                             OGRwkbGeometryType eGType,
                                             char **papszOptions)
{
    if (eAccess != GA_Update)
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                 "Dataset opened in read-only mode");
        return nullptr;
    }

    CPLString osLaunderedName(pszLayerName);

    const char *pszIndexName = CSLFetchNameValue(papszOptions, "INDEX_NAME");
    if (pszIndexName != nullptr)
        osLaunderedName = pszIndexName;

    for (size_t i = 0; i < osLaunderedName.size(); i++)
    {
        if (osLaunderedName[i] >= 'A' && osLaunderedName[i] <= 'Z')
            osLaunderedName[i] += 'a' - 'A';
        else if (osLaunderedName[i] == '/' || osLaunderedName[i] == '?')
            osLaunderedName[i] = '_';
    }
    if (strcmp(osLaunderedName.c_str(), pszLayerName) != 0)
        CPLDebug("ES", "Laundered layer name to %s", osLaunderedName.c_str());

    // Backup error state
    CPLErr eLastErrorType = CPLGetLastErrorType();
    CPLErrorNum nLastErrorNo = CPLGetLastErrorNo();
    CPLString osLastErrorMsg = CPLGetLastErrorMsg();

    const char *pszMappingName =
        m_nMajorVersion < 7 ? CSLFetchNameValueDef(papszOptions, "MAPPING_NAME",
                                                   "FeatureCollection")
                            : nullptr;

    // Check if the index and mapping exists
    bool bIndexExists = false;
    bool bMappingExists = false;
    bool bSeveralMappings = false;
    CPLPushErrorHandler(CPLQuietErrorHandler);
    json_object *poIndexResponse = RunRequest(
        CPLSPrintf("%s/%s", GetURL(), osLaunderedName.c_str()), nullptr);
    CPLPopErrorHandler();

    // Restore error state
    CPLErrorSetState(eLastErrorType, nLastErrorNo, osLastErrorMsg);

    if (poIndexResponse)
    {
        bIndexExists = true;
        json_object *poIndex =
            CPL_json_object_object_get(poIndexResponse, osLaunderedName);
        if (m_nMajorVersion < 7)
        {
            if (poIndex != nullptr)
            {
                json_object *poMappings =
                    CPL_json_object_object_get(poIndex, "mappings");
                if (poMappings != nullptr)
                {
                    bMappingExists = CPL_json_object_object_get(
                                         poMappings, pszMappingName) != nullptr;
                    bSeveralMappings =
                        json_object_object_length(poMappings) > 1;
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            // Indexes in Elasticsearch 7+ can not have multiple types,
            // so essentially this will always be true.
            bMappingExists = true;
        }
        json_object_put(poIndexResponse);
    }

    if (bMappingExists)
    {
        if (CPLFetchBool(papszOptions, "OVERWRITE_INDEX", false))
        {
            Delete(CPLSPrintf("%s/%s", GetURL(), osLaunderedName.c_str()));
            bIndexExists = false;
        }
        else if (m_bOverwrite || CPLFetchBool(papszOptions, "OVERWRITE", false))
        {
            // Deletion of one mapping in an index was supported in ES 1.X, but
            // considered unsafe and removed in later versions
            if (m_nMajorVersion >= 7)
            {
                CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                         "The index %s already exists. "
                         "You have to delete the whole index. You can do that "
                         "with OVERWRITE_INDEX=YES",
                         osLaunderedName.c_str());
                return nullptr;
            }
            else if (bSeveralMappings)
            {
                CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                         "%s/%s already exists, but other mappings also exist "
                         "in this index. "
                         "You have to delete the whole index. You can do that "
                         "with OVERWRITE_INDEX=YES",
                         osLaunderedName.c_str(), pszMappingName);
                return nullptr;
            }
            Delete(CPLSPrintf("%s/%s", GetURL(), osLaunderedName.c_str()));
            bIndexExists = false;
        }
        else
        {
            if (m_nMajorVersion < 7)
            {
                CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined, "%s/%s already exists",
                         osLaunderedName.c_str(), pszMappingName);
            }
            else
            {
                CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined, "%s already exists",
                         osLaunderedName.c_str());
            }
            return nullptr;
        }
    }

    // Create the index
    if (!bIndexExists)
    {
        CPLString osIndexURL(
            CPLSPrintf("%s/%s", GetURL(), osLaunderedName.c_str()));

        // If we have a user specified index definition, use it
        const char *pszDef =
            CSLFetchNameValue(papszOptions, "INDEX_DEFINITION");
        CPLString osDef;
        if (pszDef != nullptr)
        {
            osDef = pszDef;
            if (strchr(pszDef, '{') == nullptr)
            {
                VSILFILE *fp = VSIFOpenL(pszDef, "rb");
                if (fp)
                {
                    GByte *pabyRet = nullptr;
                    CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(
                        VSIIngestFile(fp, pszDef, &pabyRet, nullptr, -1));
                    if (pabyRet)
                    {
                        osDef = reinterpret_cast<char *>(pabyRet);
                        VSIFree(pabyRet);
                    }
                    VSIFCloseL(fp);
                }
            }
        }
        if (!UploadFile(osIndexURL, osDef.c_str(), "PUT"))
            return nullptr;
    }

    // If we have a user specified mapping, then go ahead and update it now
    const char *pszLayerMapping =
        CSLFetchNameValueDef(papszOptions, "MAPPING", m_pszMapping);
    if (pszLayerMapping != nullptr)
    {
        CPLString osLayerMapping(pszLayerMapping);
        if (strchr(pszLayerMapping, '{') == nullptr)
        {
            VSILFILE *fp = VSIFOpenL(pszLayerMapping, "rb");
            if (fp)
            {
                GByte *pabyRet = nullptr;
                CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(
                    VSIIngestFile(fp, pszLayerMapping, &pabyRet, nullptr, -1));
                if (pabyRet)
                {
                    osLayerMapping = reinterpret_cast<char *>(pabyRet);
                    VSIFree(pabyRet);
                }
                VSIFCloseL(fp);
            }
        }

        CPLString osMappingURL =
            CPLSPrintf("%s/%s/_mapping", GetURL(), osLaunderedName.c_str());
        if (m_nMajorVersion < 7)
            osMappingURL += CPLSPrintf("/%s", pszMappingName);
        if (!UploadFile(osMappingURL, osLayerMapping.c_str()))
        {
            return nullptr;
        }
    }

    OGRElasticLayer *poLayer =
        new OGRElasticLayer(osLaunderedName.c_str(), osLaunderedName.c_str(),
                            pszMappingName, this, papszOptions);
    poLayer->FinalizeFeatureDefn(false);

    if (eGType != wkbNone)
    {
        const char *pszGeometryName =
            CSLFetchNameValueDef(papszOptions, "GEOMETRY_NAME", "geometry");
        OGRGeomFieldDefn oFieldDefn(pszGeometryName, eGType);
        if (poSRS)
        {
            OGRSpatialReference *poSRSClone = poSRS->Clone();
            poSRSClone->SetAxisMappingStrategy(OAMS_TRADITIONAL_GIS_ORDER);
            oFieldDefn.SetSpatialRef(poSRSClone);
            poSRSClone->Release();
        }
        poLayer->CreateGeomField(&oFieldDefn, FALSE);
    }
    if (pszLayerMapping)
        poLayer->SetManualMapping();

    poLayer->SetIgnoreSourceID(
        CPLFetchBool(papszOptions, "IGNORE_SOURCE_ID", false));
    poLayer->SetDotAsNestedField(
        CPLFetchBool(papszOptions, "DOT_AS_NESTED_FIELD", true));
    poLayer->SetFID(CSLFetchNameValueDef(papszOptions, "FID", "ogc_fid"));
    poLayer->SetNextFID(0);

    m_oSetLayers.insert(poLayer->GetName());
    m_apoLayers.push_back(std::unique_ptr<OGRElasticLayer>(poLayer));

    return poLayer;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                               HTTPFetch()                            */
/************************************************************************/

CPLHTTPResult *OGRElasticDataSource::HTTPFetch(const char *pszURL,
                                               CSLConstList papszOptions)
{
    CPLStringList aosOptions(papszOptions);
    if (!m_osUserPwd.empty())
        aosOptions.SetNameValue("USERPWD", m_osUserPwd.c_str());
    if (!m_oMapHeadersFromEnv.empty())
    {
        const char *pszExistingHeaders = aosOptions.FetchNameValue("HEADERS");
        std::string osHeaders;
        if (pszExistingHeaders)
        {
            osHeaders += pszExistingHeaders;
            osHeaders += '\n';
        }
        for (const auto &kv : m_oMapHeadersFromEnv)
        {
            const char *pszValueFromEnv =
                CPLGetConfigOption(kv.second.c_str(), nullptr);
            if (pszValueFromEnv)
            {
                osHeaders += kv.first;
                osHeaders += ": ";
                osHeaders += pszValueFromEnv;
                osHeaders += '\n';
            }
        }
        aosOptions.SetNameValue("HEADERS", osHeaders.c_str());
    }

    return CPLHTTPFetch(pszURL, aosOptions);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                               RunRequest()                           */
/************************************************************************/

json_object *
OGRElasticDataSource::RunRequest(const char *pszURL, const char *pszPostContent,
                                 const std::vector<int> &anSilentedHTTPErrors)
{
    char **papszOptions = nullptr;

    if (pszPostContent && pszPostContent[0])
    {
        papszOptions =
            CSLSetNameValue(papszOptions, "POSTFIELDS", pszPostContent);
        papszOptions =
            CSLAddNameValue(papszOptions, "HEADERS",
                            "Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8");
    }

    CPLPushErrorHandler(CPLQuietErrorHandler);
    CPLHTTPResult *psResult = HTTPFetch(pszURL, papszOptions);
    CPLPopErrorHandler();
    CSLDestroy(papszOptions);

    if (psResult->pszErrBuf != nullptr)
    {
        CPLString osErrorMsg(psResult->pabyData
                                 ? (const char *)psResult->pabyData
                                 : psResult->pszErrBuf);
        bool bSilence = false;
        for (auto nCode : anSilentedHTTPErrors)
        {
            if (strstr(psResult->pszErrBuf, CPLSPrintf("%d", nCode)))
            {
                bSilence = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (bSilence)
        {
            CPLDebug("ES", "%s", osErrorMsg.c_str());
        }
        else
        {
            CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined, "%s", osErrorMsg.c_str());
        }
        CPLHTTPDestroyResult(psResult);
        return nullptr;
    }

    if (psResult->pabyData == nullptr)
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                 "Empty content returned by server");
        CPLHTTPDestroyResult(psResult);
        return nullptr;
    }

    if (STARTS_WITH((const char *)psResult->pabyData, "{\"error\":"))
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined, "%s",
                 (const char *)psResult->pabyData);
        CPLHTTPDestroyResult(psResult);
        return nullptr;
    }

    json_object *poObj = nullptr;
    const char *pszText = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(psResult->pabyData);
    if (!OGRJSonParse(pszText, &poObj, true))
    {
        CPLHTTPDestroyResult(psResult);
        return nullptr;
    }

    CPLHTTPDestroyResult(psResult);

    if (json_object_get_type(poObj) != json_type_object)
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                 "Return is not a JSON dictionary");
        json_object_put(poObj);
        poObj = nullptr;
    }

    return poObj;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           CheckVersion()                             */
/************************************************************************/

bool OGRElasticDataSource::CheckVersion()
{
    json_object *poMainInfo = RunRequest(m_osURL);
    if (poMainInfo == nullptr)
        return false;
    bool bVersionFound = false;
    json_object *poVersion = CPL_json_object_object_get(poMainInfo, "version");
    if (poVersion != nullptr)
    {
        json_object *poNumber = CPL_json_object_object_get(poVersion, "number");
        if (poNumber != nullptr &&
            json_object_get_type(poNumber) == json_type_string)
        {
            bVersionFound = true;
            const char *pszVersion = json_object_get_string(poNumber);
            CPLDebug("ES", "Server version: %s", pszVersion);
            m_nMajorVersion = atoi(pszVersion);
            const char *pszDot = strchr(pszVersion, '.');
            if (pszDot)
                m_nMinorVersion = atoi(pszDot + 1);
        }
    }
    json_object_put(poMainInfo);
    if (!bVersionFound)
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined, "Server version not found");
        return false;
    }
    if (m_nMajorVersion < 1 || m_nMajorVersion > 7)
    {
        CPLDebug("ES", "Server version untested with current driver");
    }
    return true;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           OpenAggregation()                          */
/************************************************************************/

bool OGRElasticDataSource::OpenAggregation(const char *pszAggregation)
{
    m_bAllLayersListed = true;
    m_poAggregationLayer =
        OGRElasticAggregationLayer::Build(this, pszAggregation);
    return m_poAggregationLayer != nullptr;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                                Open()                                */
/************************************************************************/

bool OGRElasticDataSource::Open(GDALOpenInfo *poOpenInfo)
{
    eAccess = poOpenInfo->eAccess;
    m_pszName = CPLStrdup(poOpenInfo->pszFilename);
    m_osURL = (STARTS_WITH_CI(m_pszName, "ES:")) ? m_pszName + 3 : m_pszName;
    if (m_osURL.empty())
    {
        const char *pszHost = CSLFetchNameValueDef(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions,
                                                   "HOST", "localhost");
        m_osURL = pszHost;
        m_osURL += ":";
        const char *pszPort =
            CSLFetchNameValueDef(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions, "PORT", "9200");
        m_osURL += pszPort;
    }
    m_osUserPwd =
        CSLFetchNameValueDef(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions, "USERPWD", "");
    m_nBatchSize = atoi(CSLFetchNameValueDef(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions,
                                             "BATCH_SIZE", "100"));
    m_nFeatureCountToEstablishFeatureDefn = atoi(
        CSLFetchNameValueDef(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions,
                             "FEATURE_COUNT_TO_ESTABLISH_FEATURE_DEFN", "100"));
    m_bJSonField =
        CPLFetchBool(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions, "JSON_FIELD", false);
    m_bFlattenNestedAttributes = CPLFetchBool(
        poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions, "FLATTEN_NESTED_ATTRIBUTES", true);
    m_osFID =
        CSLFetchNameValueDef(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions, "FID", "ogc_fid");

    // Only used for wildcard layers
    m_bAddSourceIndexName = CPLFetchBool(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions,
                                         "ADD_SOURCE_INDEX_NAME", false);

    const char *pszHeadersFromEnv =
        CPLGetConfigOption("ES_FORWARD_HTTP_HEADERS_FROM_ENV",
                           CSLFetchNameValue(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions,
                                             "FORWARD_HTTP_HEADERS_FROM_ENV"));
    if (pszHeadersFromEnv)
    {
        CPLStringList aosTokens(CSLTokenizeString2(pszHeadersFromEnv, ",", 0));
        for (int i = 0; i < aosTokens.size(); ++i)
        {
            char *pszKey = nullptr;
            const char *pszValue = CPLParseNameValue(aosTokens[i], &pszKey);
            if (pszKey && pszValue)
            {
                m_oMapHeadersFromEnv[pszKey] = pszValue;
            }
            CPLFree(pszKey);
        }
    }

    if (!CheckVersion())
        return false;

    const char *pszLayerName =
        CSLFetchNameValue(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions, "LAYER");
    const char *pszAggregation =
        CSLFetchNameValue(poOpenInfo->papszOpenOptions, "AGGREGATION");
    if (pszLayerName && pszAggregation)
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_NotSupported,
                 "LAYER and AGGREGATION open options are mutually exclusive");
        return false;
    }

    if (pszLayerName)
    {
        bool bFound = GetLayerByName(pszLayerName) != nullptr;
        m_bAllLayersListed = true;
        return bFound;
    }

    if (pszAggregation)
        return OpenAggregation(pszAggregation);

    return true;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             Delete()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

void OGRElasticDataSource::Delete(const CPLString &url)
{
    char **papszOptions = nullptr;
    papszOptions = CSLAddNameValue(papszOptions, "CUSTOMREQUEST", "DELETE");
    CPLHTTPResult *psResult = HTTPFetch(url, papszOptions);
    CSLDestroy(papszOptions);
    if (psResult)
    {
        CPLHTTPDestroyResult(psResult);
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            UploadFile()                              */
/************************************************************************/

bool OGRElasticDataSource::UploadFile(const CPLString &url,
                                      const CPLString &data,
                                      const CPLString &osVerb)
{
    bool bRet = true;
    char **papszOptions = nullptr;
    if (!osVerb.empty())
    {
        papszOptions =
            CSLAddNameValue(papszOptions, "CUSTOMREQUEST", osVerb.c_str());
    }
    if (data.empty())
    {
        if (osVerb.empty())
        {
            papszOptions =
                CSLAddNameValue(papszOptions, "CUSTOMREQUEST", "PUT");
        }
    }
    else
    {
        papszOptions =
            CSLAddNameValue(papszOptions, "POSTFIELDS", data.c_str());
        papszOptions =
            CSLAddNameValue(papszOptions, "HEADERS",
                            "Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8");
    }

    CPLHTTPResult *psResult = HTTPFetch(url, papszOptions);
    CSLDestroy(papszOptions);
    if (psResult)
    {
        if (psResult->pszErrBuf != nullptr ||
            (psResult->pabyData &&
             STARTS_WITH((const char *)psResult->pabyData, "{\"error\":")) ||
            (psResult->pabyData && strstr((const char *)psResult->pabyData,
                                          "\"errors\":true,") != nullptr))
        {
            bRet = false;
            CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined, "%s",
                     psResult->pabyData ? (const char *)psResult->pabyData
                                        : psResult->pszErrBuf);
        }
        CPLHTTPDestroyResult(psResult);
    }
    return bRet;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                               Create()                               */
/************************************************************************/

int OGRElasticDataSource::Create(const char *pszFilename,
                                 CPL_UNUSED char **papszOptions)
{
    eAccess = GA_Update;
    m_pszName = CPLStrdup(pszFilename);
    m_osURL =
        (STARTS_WITH_CI(pszFilename, "ES:")) ? pszFilename + 3 : pszFilename;
    if (m_osURL.empty())
        m_osURL = "localhost:9200";

    const char *pszMetaFile = CPLGetConfigOption("ES_META", nullptr);
    m_bOverwrite = CPLTestBool(CPLGetConfigOption("ES_OVERWRITE", "0"));
    // coverity[tainted_data]
    m_nBulkUpload = (int)CPLAtof(CPLGetConfigOption("ES_BULK", "0"));

    // Read in the meta file from disk
    if (pszMetaFile != nullptr)
    {
        VSILFILE *fp = VSIFOpenL(pszMetaFile, "rb");
        if (fp)
        {
            GByte *pabyRet = nullptr;
            CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(
                VSIIngestFile(fp, pszMetaFile, &pabyRet, nullptr, -1));
            if (pabyRet)
            {
                m_pszMapping = (char *)pabyRet;
            }
            VSIFCloseL(fp);
        }
    }

    return CheckVersion();
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           GetLayerIndex()                            */
/************************************************************************/

int OGRElasticDataSource::GetLayerIndex(const char *pszName)
{
    GetLayerCount();
    for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(m_apoLayers.size()); ++i)
    {
        if (strcmp(m_apoLayers[i]->GetName(), pszName) == 0)
            return i;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(m_apoLayers.size()); ++i)
    {
        if (EQUAL(m_apoLayers[i]->GetName(), pszName))
            return i;
    }
    return -1;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             ExecuteSQL()                             */
/************************************************************************/

OGRLayer *OGRElasticDataSource::ExecuteSQL(const char *pszSQLCommand,
                                           OGRGeometry *poSpatialFilter,
                                           const char *pszDialect)
{
    GetLayerCount();
    for (auto &poLayer : m_apoLayers)
    {
        poLayer->SyncToDisk();
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Special case DELLAYER: command.                                 */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if (STARTS_WITH_CI(pszSQLCommand, "DELLAYER:"))
    {
        const char *pszLayerName = pszSQLCommand + 9;

        while (*pszLayerName == ' ')
            pszLayerName++;

        for (int iLayer = 0; iLayer < static_cast<int>(m_apoLayers.size());
             iLayer++)
        {
            if (EQUAL(m_apoLayers[iLayer]->GetName(), pszLayerName))
            {
                DeleteLayer(iLayer);
                break;
            }
        }
        return nullptr;
    }

    if (pszDialect != nullptr && EQUAL(pszDialect, "ES"))
    {
        return new OGRElasticLayer("RESULT", nullptr, nullptr, this,
                                   papszOpenOptions, pszSQLCommand);
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Deal with "SELECT xxxx ORDER BY" statement                      */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if (STARTS_WITH_CI(pszSQLCommand, "SELECT"))
    {
        swq_select *psSelectInfo = new swq_select();
        if (psSelectInfo->preparse(pszSQLCommand, TRUE) != CE_None)
        {
            delete psSelectInfo;
            return nullptr;
        }

        int iLayer = 0;
        if (psSelectInfo->table_count == 1 &&
            psSelectInfo->table_defs[0].data_source == nullptr &&
            (iLayer = GetLayerIndex(psSelectInfo->table_defs[0].table_name)) >=
                0 &&
            psSelectInfo->join_count == 0 && psSelectInfo->order_specs > 0 &&
            psSelectInfo->poOtherSelect == nullptr)
        {
            OGRElasticLayer *poSrcLayer = m_apoLayers[iLayer].get();
            std::vector<OGRESSortDesc> aoSortColumns;
            int i = 0;  // Used after for.
            for (; i < psSelectInfo->order_specs; i++)
            {
                int nFieldIndex = poSrcLayer->GetLayerDefn()->GetFieldIndex(
                    psSelectInfo->order_defs[i].field_name);
                if (nFieldIndex < 0)
                    break;

                /* Make sure to have the right case */
                const char *pszFieldName = poSrcLayer->GetLayerDefn()
                                               ->GetFieldDefn(nFieldIndex)
                                               ->GetNameRef();

                OGRESSortDesc oSortDesc(
                    pszFieldName,
                    CPL_TO_BOOL(psSelectInfo->order_defs[i].ascending_flag));
                aoSortColumns.push_back(oSortDesc);
            }

            if (i == psSelectInfo->order_specs)
            {
                OGRElasticLayer *poDupLayer = poSrcLayer->Clone();

                poDupLayer->SetOrderBy(aoSortColumns);
                int nBackup = psSelectInfo->order_specs;
                psSelectInfo->order_specs = 0;
                char *pszSQLWithoutOrderBy = psSelectInfo->Unparse();
                CPLDebug("ES", "SQL without ORDER BY: %s",
                         pszSQLWithoutOrderBy);
                psSelectInfo->order_specs = nBackup;
                delete psSelectInfo;
                psSelectInfo = nullptr;

                /* Just set poDupLayer in the papoLayers for the time of the */
                /* base ExecuteSQL(), so that the OGRGenSQLResultsLayer */
                /* references  that temporary layer */
                m_apoLayers[iLayer].release();
                m_apoLayers[iLayer].reset(poDupLayer);

                OGRLayer *poResLayer = GDALDataset::ExecuteSQL(
                    pszSQLWithoutOrderBy, poSpatialFilter, pszDialect);
                m_apoLayers[iLayer].release();
                m_apoLayers[iLayer].reset(poSrcLayer);

                CPLFree(pszSQLWithoutOrderBy);

                if (poResLayer != nullptr)
                    m_oMapResultSet[poResLayer] = poDupLayer;
                else
                    delete poDupLayer;
                return poResLayer;
            }
        }
        delete psSelectInfo;
    }

    return GDALDataset::ExecuteSQL(pszSQLCommand, poSpatialFilter, pszDialect);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          ReleaseResultSet()                          */
/************************************************************************/

void OGRElasticDataSource::ReleaseResultSet(OGRLayer *poResultsSet)
{
    if (poResultsSet == nullptr)
        return;

    std::map<OGRLayer *, OGRLayer *>::iterator oIter =
        m_oMapResultSet.find(poResultsSet);
    if (oIter != m_oMapResultSet.end())
    {
        /* Destroy first the result layer, because it still references */
        /* the poDupLayer (oIter->second) */
        delete poResultsSet;

        delete oIter->second;
        m_oMapResultSet.erase(oIter);
    }
    else
    {
        delete poResultsSet;
    }
}
