/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Project:  ISO 8211 Access
 * Purpose:  Implements the DDFSubfieldDefn class.
 * Author:   Frank Warmerdam, warmerdam@pobox.com
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 1999, Frank Warmerdam
 * Copyright (c) 2011-2013, Even Rouault <even dot rouault at spatialys.com>
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
 * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 ****************************************************************************/

#include "cpl_port.h"
#include "iso8211.h"

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>

#include <algorithm>

#include "cpl_conv.h"
#include "cpl_error.h"
#include "cpl_string.h"

/************************************************************************/
/*                          DDFSubfieldDefn()                           */
/************************************************************************/

DDFSubfieldDefn::DDFSubfieldDefn()
    : pszName(nullptr), pszFormatString(CPLStrdup("")), eType(DDFString),
      eBinaryFormat(NotBinary), bIsVariable(TRUE),
      chFormatDelimiter(DDF_UNIT_TERMINATOR), nFormatWidth(0), nMaxBufChars(0),
      pachBuffer(nullptr)
{
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          ~DDFSubfieldDefn()                          */
/************************************************************************/

DDFSubfieldDefn::~DDFSubfieldDefn()

{
    CPLFree(pszName);
    CPLFree(pszFormatString);
    CPLFree(pachBuffer);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              SetName()                               */
/************************************************************************/

void DDFSubfieldDefn::SetName(const char *pszNewName)

{
    int i;

    CPLFree(pszName);

    pszName = CPLStrdup(pszNewName);

    for (i = static_cast<int>(strlen(pszName)) - 1; i > 0 && pszName[i] == ' ';
         i--)
        pszName[i] = '\0';
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             SetFormat()                              */
/*                                                                      */
/*      While interpreting the format string we don't support:          */
/*                                                                      */
/*       o Passing an explicit terminator for variable length field.    */
/*       o 'X' for unused data ... this should really be filtered       */
/*         out by DDFFieldDefn::ApplyFormats(), but isn't.              */
/*       o 'B' bitstrings that aren't a multiple of eight.              */
/************************************************************************/

int DDFSubfieldDefn::SetFormat(const char *pszFormat)

{
    CPLFree(pszFormatString);
    pszFormatString = CPLStrdup(pszFormat);

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      These values will likely be used.                               */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if (pszFormatString[1] == '(')
    {
        nFormatWidth = atoi(pszFormatString + 2);
        if (nFormatWidth < 0)
        {
            CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined, "Format width %s is invalid.",
                     pszFormatString + 2);
            return FALSE;
        }
        bIsVariable = nFormatWidth == 0;
    }
    else
        bIsVariable = TRUE;

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Interpret the format string.                                    */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    switch (pszFormatString[0])
    {
        case 'A':
        case 'C':  // It isn't clear to me how this is different than 'A'
            eType = DDFString;
            break;

        case 'R':
            eType = DDFFloat;
            break;

        case 'I':
        case 'S':
            eType = DDFInt;
            break;

        case 'B':
        case 'b':
            // Is the width expressed in bits? (is it a bitstring)
            bIsVariable = FALSE;
            if (pszFormatString[1] == '\0')
                return FALSE;

            if (pszFormatString[1] == '(')
            {
                nFormatWidth = atoi(pszFormatString + 2);
                if (nFormatWidth < 0 || nFormatWidth % 8 != 0)
                {
                    CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                             "Format width %s is invalid.",
                             pszFormatString + 2);
                    return FALSE;
                }

                nFormatWidth = nFormatWidth / 8;
                eBinaryFormat = SInt;  // good default, works for SDTS.

                if (nFormatWidth < 5)
                    eType = DDFInt;
                else
                    eType = DDFBinaryString;
            }

            // or do we have a binary type indicator? (is it binary)
            else
            {
                if (pszFormatString[1] < '0' || pszFormatString[1] > '5')
                {
                    CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                             "Binary format = %c is invalid.",
                             pszFormatString[1]);
                    return FALSE;
                }
                eBinaryFormat = (DDFBinaryFormat)(pszFormatString[1] - '0');
                nFormatWidth = atoi(pszFormatString + 2);
                if (nFormatWidth < 0)
                {
                    CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                             "Format width %s is invalid.",
                             pszFormatString + 2);
                    return FALSE;
                }

                if (eBinaryFormat == SInt || eBinaryFormat == UInt)
                    eType = DDFInt;
                else
                    eType = DDFFloat;
            }
            break;

        case 'X':
            // 'X' is extra space, and should not be directly assigned to a
            // subfield ... I have not encountered it in use yet though.
            CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                     "Format type of `%c' not supported.\n",
                     pszFormatString[0]);

            return FALSE;

        default:
            CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                     "Format type of `%c' not recognised.\n",
                     pszFormatString[0]);

            return FALSE;
    }

    return TRUE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                                Dump()                                */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Write out subfield definition info to debugging file.
 *
 * A variety of information about this field definition is written to the
 * give debugging file handle.
 *
 * @param fp The standard IO file handle to write to.  i.e. stderr
 */

void DDFSubfieldDefn::Dump(FILE *fp)

{
    fprintf(fp, "    DDFSubfieldDefn:\n");
    fprintf(fp, "        Label = `%s'\n", pszName);
    fprintf(fp, "        FormatString = `%s'\n", pszFormatString);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           GetDataLength()                            */
/*                                                                      */
/*      This method will scan for the end of a variable field.          */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Scan for the end of variable length data.  Given a pointer to the data
 * for this subfield (from within a DDFRecord) this method will return the
 * number of bytes which are data for this subfield.  The number of bytes
 * consumed as part of this field can also be fetched.  This number may
 * be one longer than the length if there is a terminator character
 * used.<p>
 *
 * This method is mainly for internal use, or for applications which
 * want the raw binary data to interpret themselves.  Otherwise use one
 * of ExtractStringData(), ExtractIntData() or ExtractFloatData().
 *
 * @param pachSourceData The pointer to the raw data for this field.  This
 * may have come from DDFRecord::GetData(), taking into account skip factors
 * over previous subfields data.
 * @param nMaxBytes The maximum number of bytes that are accessible after
 * pachSourceData.
 * @param pnConsumedBytes Pointer to an integer into which the number of
 * bytes consumed by this field should be written.  May be NULL to ignore.
 *
 * @return The number of bytes at pachSourceData which are actual data for
 * this record (not including unit, or field terminator).
 */

int DDFSubfieldDefn::GetDataLength(const char *pachSourceData, int nMaxBytes,
                                   int *pnConsumedBytes)

{
    if (!bIsVariable)
    {
        if (nFormatWidth > nMaxBytes)
        {
            CPLError(CE_Warning, CPLE_AppDefined,
                     "Only %d bytes available for subfield %s with\n"
                     "format string %s ... returning shortened data.",
                     nMaxBytes, pszName, pszFormatString);

            if (pnConsumedBytes != nullptr)
                *pnConsumedBytes = nMaxBytes;

            return nMaxBytes;
        }
        else
        {
            if (pnConsumedBytes != nullptr)
                *pnConsumedBytes = nFormatWidth;

            return nFormatWidth;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        int nLength = 0;
        int bAsciiField = TRUE;
        int extraConsumedBytes = 0;

        /* We only check for the field terminator because of some buggy
         * datasets with missing format terminators.  However, we have found
         * the field terminator and unit terminators are legal characters
         * within the fields of some extended datasets (such as JP34NC94.000).
         * So we don't check for the field terminator and unit terminators as
         * a single byte if the field appears to be multi-byte which we
         * establish by checking for the buffer ending with 0x1e 0x00 (a
         * two byte field terminator).
         *
         * In the case of S57, the subfield ATVL of the NATF field can be
         * encoded in lexical level 2 (see S57 specification, Edition 3.1,
         * paragraph 2.4 and 2.5). In that case the Unit Terminator and Field
         * Terminator are followed by the NULL character.
         * A better fix would be to read the NALL tag in the DSSI to check
         * that the lexical level is 2, instead of relying on the value of
         * the first byte as we are doing - but that is not information
         * that is available at the libiso8211 level (bug #1526)
         */

        // If the whole field ends with 0x1e 0x00 then we assume this
        // field is a double byte character set.
        if (nMaxBytes > 1 &&
            (pachSourceData[nMaxBytes - 2] == chFormatDelimiter ||
             pachSourceData[nMaxBytes - 2] == DDF_FIELD_TERMINATOR) &&
            pachSourceData[nMaxBytes - 1] == 0x00)
            bAsciiField = FALSE;

        //        if( !bAsciiField )
        //            CPLDebug( "ISO8211", "Non-ASCII field detected." );

        while (nLength < nMaxBytes)
        {
            if (bAsciiField)
            {
                if (pachSourceData[nLength] == chFormatDelimiter ||
                    pachSourceData[nLength] == DDF_FIELD_TERMINATOR)
                    break;
            }
            else
            {
                if (nLength > 0 &&
                    (pachSourceData[nLength - 1] == chFormatDelimiter ||
                     pachSourceData[nLength - 1] == DDF_FIELD_TERMINATOR) &&
                    pachSourceData[nLength] == 0)
                {
                    // Suck up the field terminator if one follows
                    // or else it will be interpreted as a new subfield.
                    // This is a pretty ugly counter-intuitive hack!
                    if (nLength + 1 < nMaxBytes &&
                        pachSourceData[nLength + 1] == DDF_FIELD_TERMINATOR)
                        extraConsumedBytes++;
                    break;
                }
            }

            nLength++;
        }

        if (pnConsumedBytes != nullptr)
        {
            if (nMaxBytes == 0)
                *pnConsumedBytes = nLength + extraConsumedBytes;
            else
                *pnConsumedBytes = nLength + extraConsumedBytes + 1;
        }

        return nLength;
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                         ExtractStringData()                          */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Extract a zero terminated string containing the data for this subfield.
 * Given a pointer to the data
 * for this subfield (from within a DDFRecord) this method will return the
 * data for this subfield.  The number of bytes
 * consumed as part of this field can also be fetched.  This number may
 * be one longer than the string length if there is a terminator character
 * used.<p>
 *
 * This function will return the raw binary data of a subfield for
 * types other than DDFString, including data past zero chars.  This is
 * the standard way of extracting DDFBinaryString subfields for instance.<p>
 *
 * @param pachSourceData The pointer to the raw data for this field.  This
 * may have come from DDFRecord::GetData(), taking into account skip factors
 * over previous subfields data.
 * @param nMaxBytes The maximum number of bytes that are accessible after
 * pachSourceData.
 * @param pnConsumedBytes Pointer to an integer into which the number of
 * bytes consumed by this field should be written.  May be NULL to ignore.
 * This is used as a skip factor to increment pachSourceData to point to the
 * next subfields data.
 *
 * @return A pointer to a buffer containing the data for this field.  The
 * returned pointer is to an internal buffer which is invalidated on the
 * next ExtractStringData() call on this DDFSubfieldDefn().  It should not
 * be freed by the application.
 *
 * @see ExtractIntData(), ExtractFloatData()
 */

const char *DDFSubfieldDefn::ExtractStringData(const char *pachSourceData,
                                               int nMaxBytes,
                                               int *pnConsumedBytes)

{
    int nLength = GetDataLength(pachSourceData, nMaxBytes, pnConsumedBytes);

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Do we need to grow the buffer.                                  */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if (nMaxBufChars < nLength + 1)
    {
        CPLFree(pachBuffer);

        nMaxBufChars = nLength + 1;
        pachBuffer = (char *)CPLMalloc(nMaxBufChars);
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Copy the data to the buffer.  We use memcpy() so that it        */
    /*      will work for binary data.                                      */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    memcpy(pachBuffer, pachSourceData, nLength);
    pachBuffer[nLength] = '\0';

    return pachBuffer;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          ExtractFloatData()                          */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Extract a subfield value as a float.  Given a pointer to the data
 * for this subfield (from within a DDFRecord) this method will return the
 * floating point data for this subfield.  The number of bytes
 * consumed as part of this field can also be fetched.  This method may be
 * called for any type of subfield, and will return zero if the subfield is
 * not numeric.
 *
 * @param pachSourceData The pointer to the raw data for this field.  This
 * may have come from DDFRecord::GetData(), taking into account skip factors
 * over previous subfields data.
 * @param nMaxBytes The maximum number of bytes that are accessible after
 * pachSourceData.
 * @param pnConsumedBytes Pointer to an integer into which the number of
 * bytes consumed by this field should be written.  May be NULL to ignore.
 * This is used as a skip factor to increment pachSourceData to point to the
 * next subfields data.
 *
 * @return The subfield's numeric value (or zero if it isn't numeric).
 *
 * @see ExtractIntData(), ExtractStringData()
 */

double DDFSubfieldDefn::ExtractFloatData(const char *pachSourceData,
                                         int nMaxBytes, int *pnConsumedBytes)

{
    switch (pszFormatString[0])
    {
        case 'A':
        case 'I':
        case 'R':
        case 'S':
        case 'C':
            return CPLAtof(
                ExtractStringData(pachSourceData, nMaxBytes, pnConsumedBytes));

        case 'B':
        case 'b':
        {
            unsigned char abyData[8];
            void *pabyData = abyData;

            if (nFormatWidth > nMaxBytes)
            {
                CPLError(CE_Warning, CPLE_AppDefined,
                         "Attempt to extract float subfield %s with format %s\n"
                         "failed as only %d bytes available.  Using zero.",
                         pszName, pszFormatString, nMaxBytes);
                return 0;
            }
            if (nFormatWidth > static_cast<int>(sizeof(abyData)))
            {
                CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                         "Format width %d too large", nFormatWidth);
                return 0;
            }

            if (pnConsumedBytes != nullptr)
                *pnConsumedBytes = nFormatWidth;

                // Byte swap the data if it isn't in machine native format.
                // In any event we copy it into our buffer to ensure it is
                // word aligned.
#ifdef CPL_LSB
            if (pszFormatString[0] == 'B')
#else
            if (pszFormatString[0] == 'b')
#endif
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < nFormatWidth; i++)
                    abyData[nFormatWidth - i - 1] = pachSourceData[i];
            }
            else
            {
                memcpy(abyData, pachSourceData, nFormatWidth);
            }

            // Interpret the bytes of data.
            switch (eBinaryFormat)
            {
                case UInt:
                    if (nFormatWidth == 1)
                        return abyData[0];
                    else if (nFormatWidth == 2)
                        return *((GUInt16 *)pabyData);
                    else if (nFormatWidth == 4)
                        return *((GUInt32 *)pabyData);
                    else
                    {
                        // CPLAssert( false );
                        return 0.0;
                    }

                case SInt:
                    if (nFormatWidth == 1)
                        return *((signed char *)abyData);
                    else if (nFormatWidth == 2)
                        return *((GInt16 *)pabyData);
                    else if (nFormatWidth == 4)
                        return *((GInt32 *)pabyData);
                    else
                    {
                        // CPLAssert( false );
                        return 0.0;
                    }

                case FloatReal:
                    if (nFormatWidth == 4)
                        return *((float *)pabyData);
                    else if (nFormatWidth == 8)
                        return *((double *)pabyData);
                    else
                    {
                        // CPLAssert( false );
                        return 0.0;
                    }

                case NotBinary:
                case FPReal:
                case FloatComplex:
                    // CPLAssert( false );
                    return 0.0;
            }
            break;
            // end of 'b'/'B' case.
        }

        default:
            // CPLAssert( false );
            return 0.0;
    }

    // CPLAssert( false );
    return 0.0;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           ExtractIntData()                           */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Extract a subfield value as an integer.  Given a pointer to the data
 * for this subfield (from within a DDFRecord) this method will return the
 * int data for this subfield.  The number of bytes
 * consumed as part of this field can also be fetched.  This method may be
 * called for any type of subfield, and will return zero if the subfield is
 * not numeric.
 *
 * @param pachSourceData The pointer to the raw data for this field.  This
 * may have come from DDFRecord::GetData(), taking into account skip factors
 * over previous subfields data.
 * @param nMaxBytes The maximum number of bytes that are accessible after
 * pachSourceData.
 * @param pnConsumedBytes Pointer to an integer into which the number of
 * bytes consumed by this field should be written.  May be NULL to ignore.
 * This is used as a skip factor to increment pachSourceData to point to the
 * next subfields data.
 *
 * @return The subfield's numeric value (or zero if it isn't numeric).
 *
 * @see ExtractFloatData(), ExtractStringData()
 */

int DDFSubfieldDefn::ExtractIntData(const char *pachSourceData, int nMaxBytes,
                                    int *pnConsumedBytes)

{
    switch (pszFormatString[0])
    {
        case 'A':
        case 'I':
        case 'R':
        case 'S':
        case 'C':
            return atoi(
                ExtractStringData(pachSourceData, nMaxBytes, pnConsumedBytes));

        case 'B':
        case 'b':
        {
            unsigned char abyData[8];
            void *pabyData = abyData;

            if (nFormatWidth > nMaxBytes ||
                nFormatWidth >= (int)sizeof(abyData))
            {
                CPLError(
                    CE_Warning, CPLE_AppDefined,
                    "Attempt to extract int subfield %s with format %s\n"
                    "failed as only %d bytes available.  Using zero.",
                    pszName, pszFormatString,
                    std::min(nMaxBytes, static_cast<int>(sizeof(abyData))));
                return 0;
            }

            if (pnConsumedBytes != nullptr)
                *pnConsumedBytes = nFormatWidth;

                // Byte swap the data if it isn't in machine native format.
                // In any event we copy it into our buffer to ensure it is
                // word aligned.
#ifdef CPL_LSB
            if (pszFormatString[0] == 'B')
#else
            if (pszFormatString[0] == 'b')
#endif
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < nFormatWidth; i++)
                    abyData[nFormatWidth - i - 1] = pachSourceData[i];
            }
            else
            {
                memcpy(abyData, pachSourceData, nFormatWidth);
            }

            // Interpret the bytes of data.
            switch (eBinaryFormat)
            {
                case UInt:
                    if (nFormatWidth == 4)
                        return (int)*((GUInt32 *)pabyData);
                    else if (nFormatWidth == 1)
                        return abyData[0];
                    else if (nFormatWidth == 2)
                        return *((GUInt16 *)pabyData);
                    else
                    {
                        // CPLAssert( false );
                        return 0;
                    }

                case SInt:
                    if (nFormatWidth == 4)
                        return *((GInt32 *)pabyData);
                    else if (nFormatWidth == 1)
                        return *((signed char *)abyData);
                    else if (nFormatWidth == 2)
                        return *((GInt16 *)pabyData);
                    else
                    {
                        // CPLAssert( false );
                        return 0;
                    }

                case FloatReal:
                    if (nFormatWidth == 4)
                        return (int)*((float *)pabyData);
                    else if (nFormatWidth == 8)
                        return (int)*((double *)pabyData);
                    else
                    {
                        // CPLAssert( false );
                        return 0;
                    }

                case NotBinary:
                case FPReal:
                case FloatComplex:
                    // CPLAssert( false );
                    return 0;
            }
            break;
            // end of 'b'/'B' case.
        }

        default:
            // CPLAssert( false );
            return 0;
    }

    // CPLAssert( false );
    return 0;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              DumpData()                              */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Dump the instance data for this subfield from a data            */
/*      record.  This fits into the output dump stream of a DDFField.   */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Dump subfield value to debugging file.
 *
 * @param pachData Pointer to data for this subfield.
 * @param nMaxBytes Maximum number of bytes available in pachData.
 * @param fp File to write report to.
 */

void DDFSubfieldDefn::DumpData(const char *pachData, int nMaxBytes, FILE *fp)

{
    if (nMaxBytes < 0)
    {
        fprintf(fp, "      Subfield `%s' = {invalid length}\n", pszName);
        return;
    }
    if (eType == DDFFloat)
        fprintf(fp, "      Subfield `%s' = %f\n", pszName,
                ExtractFloatData(pachData, nMaxBytes, nullptr));
    else if (eType == DDFInt)
        fprintf(fp, "      Subfield `%s' = %d\n", pszName,
                ExtractIntData(pachData, nMaxBytes, nullptr));
    else if (eType == DDFBinaryString)
    {
        int nBytes = 0;
        GByte *pabyBString =
            (GByte *)ExtractStringData(pachData, nMaxBytes, &nBytes);

        fprintf(fp, "      Subfield `%s' = 0x", pszName);
        for (int i = 0; i < std::min(nBytes, 24); i++)
            fprintf(fp, "%02X", pabyBString[i]);

        if (nBytes > 24)
            fprintf(fp, "%s", "...");

        fprintf(fp, "\n");
    }
    else
        fprintf(fp, "      Subfield `%s' = `%s'\n", pszName,
                ExtractStringData(pachData, nMaxBytes, nullptr));
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          GetDefaultValue()                           */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Get default data.
 *
 * Returns the default subfield data contents for this subfield definition.
 * For variable length numbers this will normally be "0<unit-terminator>".
 * For variable length strings it will be "<unit-terminator>".  For fixed
 * length numbers it is zero filled.  For fixed length strings it is space
 * filled.  For binary numbers it is binary zero filled.
 *
 * @param pachData the buffer into which the returned default will be placed.
 * May be NULL if just querying default size.
 * @param nBytesAvailable the size of pachData in bytes.
 * @param pnBytesUsed will receive the size of the subfield default data in
 * bytes.
 *
 * @return TRUE on success or FALSE on failure or if the passed buffer is too
 * small to hold the default.
 */

int DDFSubfieldDefn::GetDefaultValue(char *pachData, int nBytesAvailable,
                                     int *pnBytesUsed) const

{
    int nDefaultSize;

    if (!bIsVariable)
        nDefaultSize = nFormatWidth;
    else
        nDefaultSize = 1;

    if (pnBytesUsed != nullptr)
        *pnBytesUsed = nDefaultSize;

    if (pachData == nullptr)
        return TRUE;

    if (nBytesAvailable < nDefaultSize)
        return FALSE;

    if (bIsVariable)
    {
        pachData[0] = DDF_UNIT_TERMINATOR;
    }
    else
    {
        char chFillChar;
        if (GetBinaryFormat() == NotBinary)
        {
            if (GetType() == DDFInt || GetType() == DDFFloat)
                chFillChar = '0'; /* ASCII zero intended */
            else
                chFillChar = ' ';
        }
        else
            chFillChar = 0;
        memset(pachData, chFillChar, nDefaultSize);
    }

    return TRUE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                         FormatStringValue()                          */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Format string subfield value.
 *
 * Returns a buffer with the passed in string value reformatted in a way
 * suitable for storage in a DDFField for this subfield.
 */

int DDFSubfieldDefn::FormatStringValue(char *pachData, int nBytesAvailable,
                                       int *pnBytesUsed, const char *pszValue,
                                       int nValueLength) const

{
    int nSize;

    if (nValueLength == -1)
        nValueLength = static_cast<int>(strlen(pszValue));

    if (bIsVariable)
    {
        nSize = nValueLength + 1;
    }
    else
    {
        nSize = nFormatWidth;
    }

    if (pnBytesUsed != nullptr)
        *pnBytesUsed = nSize;

    if (pachData == nullptr)
        return TRUE;

    if (nBytesAvailable < nSize)
        return FALSE;

    if (bIsVariable)
    {
        strncpy(pachData, pszValue, nSize - 1);
        pachData[nSize - 1] = DDF_UNIT_TERMINATOR;
    }
    else
    {
        if (GetBinaryFormat() == NotBinary)
        {
            memset(pachData, ' ', nSize);
            // cppcheck-suppress redundantCopy
            memcpy(pachData, pszValue, std::min(nValueLength, nSize));
        }
        else
        {
            memset(pachData, 0, nSize);
            // cppcheck-suppress redundantCopy
            memcpy(pachData, pszValue, std::min(nValueLength, nSize));
        }
    }

    return TRUE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           FormatIntValue()                           */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Format int subfield value.
 *
 * Returns a buffer with the passed in int value reformatted in a way
 * suitable for storage in a DDFField for this subfield.
 */

int DDFSubfieldDefn::FormatIntValue(char *pachData, int nBytesAvailable,
                                    int *pnBytesUsed, int nNewValue) const

{
    int nSize;
    char szWork[30];

    snprintf(szWork, sizeof(szWork), "%d", nNewValue);

    if (bIsVariable)
    {
        nSize = static_cast<int>(strlen(szWork)) + 1;
    }
    else
    {
        nSize = nFormatWidth;

        if (GetBinaryFormat() == NotBinary && (int)strlen(szWork) > nSize)
            return FALSE;
    }

    if (pnBytesUsed != nullptr)
        *pnBytesUsed = nSize;

    if (pachData == nullptr)
        return TRUE;

    if (nBytesAvailable < nSize)
        return FALSE;

    if (bIsVariable)
    {
        strncpy(pachData, szWork, nSize - 1);
        pachData[nSize - 1] = DDF_UNIT_TERMINATOR;
    }
    else
    {
        GUInt32 nMask = 0xff;
        int i;

        switch (GetBinaryFormat())
        {
            case NotBinary:
            {
                char chFillChar = '0'; /* ASCII zero intended */
                memset(pachData, chFillChar, nSize);
                memcpy(pachData + nSize - strlen(szWork), szWork,
                       strlen(szWork));
                break;
            }

            case UInt:
            case SInt:
                for (i = 0; i < nFormatWidth; i++)
                {
                    int iOut;

                    // big endian required?
                    if (pszFormatString[0] == 'B')
                        iOut = nFormatWidth - i - 1;
                    else
                        iOut = i;

                    pachData[iOut] = (char)((nNewValue & nMask) >> (i * 8));
                    nMask <<= 8;
                }
                break;

            case FloatReal:
                CPLAssert(false);
                break;

            default:
                CPLAssert(false);
                break;
        }
    }

    return TRUE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          FormatFloatValue()                          */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Format float subfield value.
 *
 * Returns a buffer with the passed in float value reformatted in a way
 * suitable for storage in a DDFField for this subfield.
 */

int DDFSubfieldDefn::FormatFloatValue(char *pachData, int nBytesAvailable,
                                      int *pnBytesUsed, double dfNewValue) const

{
    int nSize;
    char szWork[120];

    CPLsnprintf(szWork, sizeof(szWork), "%.16g", dfNewValue);

    if (bIsVariable)
    {
        nSize = static_cast<int>(strlen(szWork)) + 1;
    }
    else
    {
        nSize = nFormatWidth;

        if (GetBinaryFormat() == NotBinary && (int)strlen(szWork) > nSize)
            return FALSE;
    }

    if (pnBytesUsed != nullptr)
        *pnBytesUsed = nSize;

    if (pachData == nullptr)
        return TRUE;

    if (nBytesAvailable < nSize)
        return FALSE;

    if (bIsVariable)
    {
        strncpy(pachData, szWork, nSize - 1);
        pachData[nSize - 1] = DDF_UNIT_TERMINATOR;
    }
    else
    {
        if (GetBinaryFormat() == NotBinary)
        {
            const char chFillZeroASCII = '0'; /* ASCII zero intended */
            /* coverity[bad_memset] */
            memset(pachData, chFillZeroASCII, nSize);
            memcpy(pachData + nSize - strlen(szWork), szWork, strlen(szWork));
        }
        else
        {
            CPLAssert(false);
            /* implement me */
        }
    }

    return TRUE;
}
