sqlglot.dialects.presto API documentation

Edit on GitHub

# sqlglot.dialects.presto

View Source

      1from __future__ import annotations
      2
      3import typing as t
      4
      5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
      6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
      7    Dialect,
      8    NormalizationStrategy,
      9    binary_from_function,
     10    bool_xor_sql,
     11    build_replace_with_optional_replacement,
     12    date_trunc_to_time,
     13    datestrtodate_sql,
     14    encode_decode_sql,
     15    build_formatted_time,
     16    if_sql,
     17    left_to_substring_sql,
     18    no_ilike_sql,
     19    no_pivot_sql,
     20    no_timestamp_sql,
     21    regexp_extract_sql,
     22    rename_func,
     23    right_to_substring_sql,
     24    sha256_sql,
     25    strposition_sql,
     26    struct_extract_sql,
     27    timestamptrunc_sql,
     28    timestrtotime_sql,
     29    ts_or_ds_add_cast,
     30    unit_to_str,
     31    sequence_sql,
     32    build_regexp_extract,
     33    explode_to_unnest_sql,
     34)
     35from sqlglot.dialects.hive import Hive
     36from sqlglot.dialects.mysql import MySQL
     37from sqlglot.helper import apply_index_offset, seq_get
     38from sqlglot.optimizer.scope import find_all_in_scope
     39from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
     40from sqlglot.transforms import unqualify_columns
     41from sqlglot.generator import unsupported_args
     42
     43DATE_ADD_OR_SUB = t.Union[exp.DateAdd, exp.TimestampAdd, exp.DateSub]
     44
     45
     46def _initcap_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Initcap) -> str:
     47    regex = r"(\w)(\w*)"
     48    return f"REGEXP_REPLACE({self.sql(expression, 'this')}, '{regex}', x -> UPPER(x[1]) || LOWER(x[2]))"
     49
     50
     51def _no_sort_array(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.SortArray) -> str:
     52    if expression.args.get("asc") == exp.false():
     53        comparator = "(a, b) -> CASE WHEN a < b THEN 1 WHEN a > b THEN -1 ELSE 0 END"
     54    else:
     55        comparator = None
     56    return self.func("ARRAY_SORT", expression.this, comparator)
     57
     58
     59def _schema_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Schema) -> str:
     60    if isinstance(expression.parent, exp.PartitionedByProperty):
     61        # Any columns in the ARRAY[] string literals should not be quoted
     62        expression.transform(lambda n: n.name if isinstance(n, exp.Identifier) else n, copy=False)
     63
     64        partition_exprs = [
     65            self.sql(c) if isinstance(c, (exp.Func, exp.Property)) else self.sql(c, "this")
     66            for c in expression.expressions
     67        ]
     68        return self.sql(exp.Array(expressions=[exp.Literal.string(c) for c in partition_exprs]))
     69
     70    if expression.parent:
     71        for schema in expression.parent.find_all(exp.Schema):
     72            if schema is expression:
     73                continue
     74
     75            column_defs = schema.find_all(exp.ColumnDef)
     76            if column_defs and isinstance(schema.parent, exp.Property):
     77                expression.expressions.extend(column_defs)
     78
     79    return self.schema_sql(expression)
     80
     81
     82def _quantile_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Quantile) -> str:
     83    self.unsupported("Presto does not support exact quantiles")
     84    return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
     85
     86
     87def _str_to_time_sql(
     88    self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.StrToDate | exp.StrToTime | exp.TsOrDsToDate
     89) -> str:
     90    return self.func("DATE_PARSE", expression.this, self.format_time(expression))
     91
     92
     93def _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsToDate) -> str:
     94    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
     95    if time_format and time_format not in (Presto.TIME_FORMAT, Presto.DATE_FORMAT):
     96        return self.sql(exp.cast(_str_to_time_sql(self, expression), exp.DataType.Type.DATE))
     97    return self.sql(
     98        exp.cast(exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), exp.DataType.Type.DATE)
     99    )
    100
    101
    102def _ts_or_ds_add_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsAdd) -> str:
    103    expression = ts_or_ds_add_cast(expression)
    104    unit = unit_to_str(expression)
    105    return self.func("DATE_ADD", unit, expression.expression, expression.this)
    106
    107
    108def _ts_or_ds_diff_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsDiff) -> str:
    109    this = exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    110    expr = exp.cast(expression.expression, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    111    unit = unit_to_str(expression)
    112    return self.func("DATE_DIFF", unit, expr, this)
    113
    114
    115def _build_approx_percentile(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
    116    if len(args) == 4:
    117        return exp.ApproxQuantile(
    118            this=seq_get(args, 0),
    119            weight=seq_get(args, 1),
    120            quantile=seq_get(args, 2),
    121            accuracy=seq_get(args, 3),
    122        )
    123    if len(args) == 3:
    124        return exp.ApproxQuantile(
    125            this=seq_get(args, 0), quantile=seq_get(args, 1), accuracy=seq_get(args, 2)
    126        )
    127    return exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list(args)
    128
    129
    130def _build_from_unixtime(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
    131    if len(args) == 3:
    132        return exp.UnixToTime(
    133            this=seq_get(args, 0),
    134            hours=seq_get(args, 1),
    135            minutes=seq_get(args, 2),
    136        )
    137    if len(args) == 2:
    138        return exp.UnixToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0), zone=seq_get(args, 1))
    139
    140    return exp.UnixToTime.from_arg_list(args)
    141
    142
    143def _first_last_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Func) -> str:
    144    """
    145    Trino doesn't support FIRST / LAST as functions, but they're valid in the context
    146    of MATCH_RECOGNIZE, so we need to preserve them in that case. In all other cases
    147    they're converted into an ARBITRARY call.
    148
    149    Reference: https://trino.io/docs/current/sql/match-recognize.html#logical-navigation-functions
    150    """
    151    if isinstance(expression.find_ancestor(exp.MatchRecognize, exp.Select), exp.MatchRecognize):
    152        return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    153
    154    return rename_func("ARBITRARY")(self, expression)
    155
    156
    157def _unix_to_time_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.UnixToTime) -> str:
    158    scale = expression.args.get("scale")
    159    timestamp = self.sql(expression, "this")
    160    if scale in (None, exp.UnixToTime.SECONDS):
    161        return rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME")(self, expression)
    162
    163    return f"FROM_UNIXTIME(CAST({timestamp} AS DOUBLE) / POW(10, {scale}))"
    164
    165
    166def _to_int(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
    167    if not expression.type:
    168        from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    169
    170        annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    171    if expression.type and expression.type.this not in exp.DataType.INTEGER_TYPES:
    172        return exp.cast(expression, to=exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT)
    173    return expression
    174
    175
    176def _build_to_char(args: t.List) -> exp.TimeToStr:
    177    fmt = seq_get(args, 1)
    178    if isinstance(fmt, exp.Literal):
    179        # We uppercase this to match Teradata's format mapping keys
    180        fmt.set("this", fmt.this.upper())
    181
    182    # We use "teradata" on purpose here, because the time formats are different in Presto.
    183    # See https://prestodb.io/docs/current/functions/teradata.html?highlight=to_char#to_char
    184    return build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "teradata")(args)
    185
    186
    187def _date_delta_sql(
    188    name: str, negate_interval: bool = False
    189) -> t.Callable[[Presto.Generator, DATE_ADD_OR_SUB], str]:
    190    def _delta_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: DATE_ADD_OR_SUB) -> str:
    191        interval = _to_int(self, expression.expression)
    192        return self.func(
    193            name,
    194            unit_to_str(expression),
    195            interval * (-1) if negate_interval else interval,
    196            expression.this,
    197        )
    198
    199    return _delta_sql
    200
    201
    202def _explode_to_unnest_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
    203    explode = expression.this
    204    if isinstance(explode, exp.Explode):
    205        exploded_type = explode.this.type
    206        alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    207
    208        # This attempts a best-effort transpilation of LATERAL VIEW EXPLODE on a struct array
    209        if (
    210            isinstance(alias, exp.TableAlias)
    211            and isinstance(exploded_type, exp.DataType)
    212            and exploded_type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY)
    213            and exploded_type.expressions
    214            and exploded_type.expressions[0].is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT)
    215        ):
    216            # When unnesting a ROW in Presto, it produces N columns, so we need to fix the alias
    217            alias.set("columns", [c.this.copy() for c in exploded_type.expressions[0].expressions])
    218    elif isinstance(explode, exp.Inline):
    219        explode.replace(exp.Explode(this=explode.this.copy()))
    220
    221    return explode_to_unnest_sql(self, expression)
    222
    223
    224def amend_exploded_column_table(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
    225    # We check for expression.type because the columns can be amended only if types were inferred
    226    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select) and expression.type:
    227        for lateral in expression.args.get("laterals") or []:
    228            alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
    229            if (
    230                not isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode)
    231                or not isinstance(alias, exp.TableAlias)
    232                or len(alias.columns) != 1
    233            ):
    234                continue
    235
    236            new_table = alias.this
    237            old_table = alias.columns[0].name.lower()
    238
    239            # When transpiling a LATERAL VIEW EXPLODE Spark query, the exploded fields may be qualified
    240            # with the struct column, resulting in invalid Presto references that need to be amended
    241            for column in find_all_in_scope(expression, exp.Column):
    242                if column.db.lower() == old_table:
    243                    column.set("table", column.args["db"].pop())
    244                elif column.table.lower() == old_table:
    245                    column.set("table", new_table.copy())
    246                elif column.name.lower() == old_table and isinstance(column.parent, exp.Dot):
    247                    column.parent.replace(exp.column(column.parent.expression, table=new_table))
    248
    249    return expression
    250
    251
    252class Presto(Dialect):
    253    INDEX_OFFSET = 1
    254    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_last"
    255    TIME_FORMAT = MySQL.TIME_FORMAT
    256    STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True
    257    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
    258    TYPED_DIVISION = True
    259    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
    260    LOG_BASE_FIRST: t.Optional[bool] = None
    261    SUPPORTS_VALUES_DEFAULT = False
    262
    263    TIME_MAPPING = MySQL.TIME_MAPPING
    264
    265    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/17
    266    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/12289
    267    # https://github.com/prestodb/presto/issues/2863
    268    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
    269
    270    # The result of certain math functions in Presto/Trino is of type
    271    # equal to the input type e.g: FLOOR(5.5/2) -> DECIMAL, FLOOR(5/2) -> BIGINT
    272    ANNOTATORS = {
    273        **Dialect.ANNOTATORS,
    274        exp.Floor: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    275        exp.Ceil: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    276        exp.Mod: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this", "expression"),
    277        exp.Round: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    278        exp.Sign: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    279        exp.Abs: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    280        exp.Rand: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this")
    281        if e.this
    282        else self._set_type(e, exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE),
    283    }
    284
    285    SUPPORTED_SETTINGS = {
    286        *Dialect.SUPPORTED_SETTINGS,
    287        "variant_extract_is_json_extract",
    288    }
    289
    290    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    291        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    292        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
    293            (prefix + q, q)
    294            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
    295            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
    296        ]
    297
    298        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
    299
    300        KEYWORDS = {
    301            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    302            "DEALLOCATE PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    303            "DESCRIBE INPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    304            "DESCRIBE OUTPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    305            "RESET SESSION": TokenType.COMMAND,
    306            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    307            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    308            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    309            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
    310            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
    311            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
    312            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
    313        }
    314        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    315        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")
    316
    317    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    318        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    319        ZONE_AWARE_TIMESTAMP_CONSTRUCTOR = True
    320
    321        FUNCTIONS = {
    322            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    323            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
    324            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    325            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
    326            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
    327            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    328            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
    329            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    330            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    331            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    332            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    333                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    334            ),
    335            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    336                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    337            ),
    338            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    339            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    340            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    341            "DAY_OF_WEEK": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    342            "DOW": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    343            "DOY": exp.DayOfYear.from_arg_list,
    344            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
    345                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
    346            ),
    347            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    348            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
    349            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    350                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    351            ),
    352            "JSON_FORMAT": lambda args: exp.JSONFormat(
    353                this=seq_get(args, 0), options=seq_get(args, 1), is_json=True
    354            ),
    355            "LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE": exp.Levenshtein.from_arg_list,
    356            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    357            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    358            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    359            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
    360                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    361                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    362                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
    363            ),
    364            "REPLACE": build_replace_with_optional_replacement,
    365            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
    366            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    367            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    368            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
    369            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    370                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), occurrence=seq_get(args, 2)
    371            ),
    372            "SLICE": exp.ArraySlice.from_arg_list,
    373            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
    374            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    375            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    376                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    377            ),
    378            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
    379            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
    380            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
    381        }
    382
    383        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    384        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    385
    386    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    387        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    388        JOIN_HINTS = False
    389        TABLE_HINTS = False
    390        QUERY_HINTS = False
    391        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
    392        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
    393        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    394        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    395        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    396        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
    397        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
    398        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
    399        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    400        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
    401        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
    402        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    403        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    404        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    405        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "CARDINALITY"
    406
    407        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    408            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    409            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    410            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    411        }
    412
    413        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    414            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    415            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    416            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    417            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    418            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
    419            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    420            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
    421            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    422            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    423            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    424            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    425            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    426            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
    427        }
    428
    429        TRANSFORMS = {
    430            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    431            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
    432            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    433            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    434            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    435            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    436            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
    437            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    438            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    439            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
    440            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
    441            exp.ArraySlice: rename_func("SLICE"),
    442            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
    443            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
    444            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    445                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
    446            ),
    447            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
    448            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
    449            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    450                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
    451            ),
    452            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
    453            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    454            exp.CurrentTime: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIME",
    455            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    456            exp.CurrentUser: lambda *_: "CURRENT_USER",
    457            exp.DateAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    458            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    459                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
    460            ),
    461            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    462            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    463            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    464            exp.DateSub: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD", negate_interval=True),
    465            exp.DayOfWeek: lambda self, e: f"(({self.func('DAY_OF_WEEK', e.this)} % 7) + 1)",
    466            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAY_OF_WEEK"),
    467            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
    468            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    469            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
    470            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
    471            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    472            e: f"format={self.sql(exp.Literal.string(e.name))}",
    473            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
    474            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
    475            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
    476            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    477            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    478            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    479            exp.If: if_sql(),
    480            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    481            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    482            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
    483            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
    484            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
    485            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    486            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    487                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE")
    488            ),
    489            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    490            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    491            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
    492            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    493            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    494            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    495            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    496            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    497            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    498            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    499                [
    500                    transforms.eliminate_window_clause,
    501                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    502                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    503                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(1),
    504                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    505                    amend_exploded_column_table,
    506                ]
    507            ),
    508            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    509            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(self, e, supports_occurrence=True),
    510            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    511            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
    512            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    513            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    514            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    515            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    516            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    517            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    518            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    519            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    520            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
    521                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
    522            ),
    523            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    524            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    525            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    526            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    527            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    528            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    529            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    530            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    531            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    532            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    533            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
    534            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    535            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    536            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
    537            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    538            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    539            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
    540            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
    541                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
    542            ),
    543            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
    544            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
    545            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    546            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    547        }
    548
    549        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    550            "alter",
    551            "and",
    552            "as",
    553            "between",
    554            "by",
    555            "case",
    556            "cast",
    557            "constraint",
    558            "create",
    559            "cross",
    560            "current_time",
    561            "current_timestamp",
    562            "deallocate",
    563            "delete",
    564            "describe",
    565            "distinct",
    566            "drop",
    567            "else",
    568            "end",
    569            "escape",
    570            "except",
    571            "execute",
    572            "exists",
    573            "extract",
    574            "false",
    575            "for",
    576            "from",
    577            "full",
    578            "group",
    579            "having",
    580            "in",
    581            "inner",
    582            "insert",
    583            "intersect",
    584            "into",
    585            "is",
    586            "join",
    587            "left",
    588            "like",
    589            "natural",
    590            "not",
    591            "null",
    592            "on",
    593            "or",
    594            "order",
    595            "outer",
    596            "prepare",
    597            "right",
    598            "select",
    599            "table",
    600            "then",
    601            "true",
    602            "union",
    603            "using",
    604            "values",
    605            "when",
    606            "where",
    607            "with",
    608        }
    609
    610        def jsonformat_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONFormat) -> str:
    611            this = expression.this
    612            is_json = expression.args.get("is_json")
    613
    614            if this and not (is_json or this.type):
    615                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    616
    617                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    618
    619            if not (is_json or this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.JSON)):
    620                this.replace(exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.JSON))
    621
    622            return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    623
    624        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    625            this = expression.this
    626
    627            if not this.type:
    628                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    629
    630                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    631
    632            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    633                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    634
    635            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))
    636
    637        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    638            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    639            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    640            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    641            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    642            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    643            this = expression.this
    644            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    645            value_as_timestamp = (
    646                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    647            )
    648
    649            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    650
    651            formatted_value = self.func(
    652                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    653            )
    654            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    655                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    656                formatted_value,
    657                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    658            )
    659            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    660            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
    661
    662        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    663            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    664                return self.func(
    665                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    666                    expression.this,
    667                    seq_get(
    668                        apply_index_offset(
    669                            expression.this,
    670                            expression.expressions,
    671                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    672                            dialect=self.dialect,
    673                        ),
    674                        0,
    675                    ),
    676                )
    677            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
    678
    679        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    680            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    681
    682            expression = annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    683            values: t.List[str] = []
    684            schema: t.List[str] = []
    685            unknown_type = False
    686
    687            for e in expression.expressions:
    688                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    689                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    690                        unknown_type = True
    691                    else:
    692                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    693                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    694                else:
    695                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    696
    697            size = len(expression.expressions)
    698
    699            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    700                if unknown_type:
    701                    self.unsupported(
    702                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    703                    )
    704                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    705            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
    706
    707        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    708            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    709                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    710            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    711
    712        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    713            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    714            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    715            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
    716
    717        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    718            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    719        ) -> t.List[str]:
    720            return [
    721                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    722                self.sql(limit),
    723            ]
    724
    725        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    726            """
    727            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    728            so we need to remove them
    729            """
    730            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    731            schema = expression.this
    732            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    733                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    734            return super().create_sql(expression)
    735
    736        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    737            """
    738            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    739            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    740            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    741            """
    742            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    743            if len(tables) > 1:
    744                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    745
    746            table = tables[0]
    747            expression.set("this", table)
    748            expression.set("tables", None)
    749
    750            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    751                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    752                if table_alias:
    753                    table_alias.pop()
    754                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    755
    756            return super().delete_sql(expression)
    757
    758        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    759            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    760
    761            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    762            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    763            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    764                return self.func(
    765                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    766                )
    767
    768            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    769
    770            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    771            segments = []
    772            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    773                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    774                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    775                    self.unsupported(
    776                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    777                    )
    778                    continue
    779                key = path_key.this
    780                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    781                    key = f'"{key}"'
    782                segments.append(f".{key}")
    783
    784            expr = "".join(segments)
    785
    786            return f"{this}{expr}"
    787
    788        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    789            return self.func(
    790                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    791                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    792                expression.args.get("separator"),
    793            )

DATE_ADD_OR_SUB = typing.Union[sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd, sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd, sqlglot.expressions.DateSub]
def amend_exploded_column_table( expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression) -> sqlglot.expressions.Expression: View Source

    225def amend_exploded_column_table(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
    226    # We check for expression.type because the columns can be amended only if types were inferred
    227    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select) and expression.type:
    228        for lateral in expression.args.get("laterals") or []:
    229            alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
    230            if (
    231                not isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode)
    232                or not isinstance(alias, exp.TableAlias)
    233                or len(alias.columns) != 1
    234            ):
    235                continue
    236
    237            new_table = alias.this
    238            old_table = alias.columns[0].name.lower()
    239
    240            # When transpiling a LATERAL VIEW EXPLODE Spark query, the exploded fields may be qualified
    241            # with the struct column, resulting in invalid Presto references that need to be amended
    242            for column in find_all_in_scope(expression, exp.Column):
    243                if column.db.lower() == old_table:
    244                    column.set("table", column.args["db"].pop())
    245                elif column.table.lower() == old_table:
    246                    column.set("table", new_table.copy())
    247                elif column.name.lower() == old_table and isinstance(column.parent, exp.Dot):
    248                    column.parent.replace(exp.column(column.parent.expression, table=new_table))
    249
    250    return expression

class Presto(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

    253class Presto(Dialect):
    254    INDEX_OFFSET = 1
    255    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_last"
    256    TIME_FORMAT = MySQL.TIME_FORMAT
    257    STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True
    258    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
    259    TYPED_DIVISION = True
    260    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
    261    LOG_BASE_FIRST: t.Optional[bool] = None
    262    SUPPORTS_VALUES_DEFAULT = False
    263
    264    TIME_MAPPING = MySQL.TIME_MAPPING
    265
    266    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/17
    267    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/12289
    268    # https://github.com/prestodb/presto/issues/2863
    269    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
    270
    271    # The result of certain math functions in Presto/Trino is of type
    272    # equal to the input type e.g: FLOOR(5.5/2) -> DECIMAL, FLOOR(5/2) -> BIGINT
    273    ANNOTATORS = {
    274        **Dialect.ANNOTATORS,
    275        exp.Floor: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    276        exp.Ceil: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    277        exp.Mod: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this", "expression"),
    278        exp.Round: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    279        exp.Sign: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    280        exp.Abs: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    281        exp.Rand: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this")
    282        if e.this
    283        else self._set_type(e, exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE),
    284    }
    285
    286    SUPPORTED_SETTINGS = {
    287        *Dialect.SUPPORTED_SETTINGS,
    288        "variant_extract_is_json_extract",
    289    }
    290
    291    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    292        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    293        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
    294            (prefix + q, q)
    295            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
    296            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
    297        ]
    298
    299        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
    300
    301        KEYWORDS = {
    302            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    303            "DEALLOCATE PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    304            "DESCRIBE INPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    305            "DESCRIBE OUTPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    306            "RESET SESSION": TokenType.COMMAND,
    307            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    308            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    309            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    310            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
    311            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
    312            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
    313            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
    314        }
    315        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    316        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")
    317
    318    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    319        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    320        ZONE_AWARE_TIMESTAMP_CONSTRUCTOR = True
    321
    322        FUNCTIONS = {
    323            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    324            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
    325            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    326            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
    327            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
    328            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    329            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
    330            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    331            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    332            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    333            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    334                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    335            ),
    336            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    337                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    338            ),
    339            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    340            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    341            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    342            "DAY_OF_WEEK": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    343            "DOW": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    344            "DOY": exp.DayOfYear.from_arg_list,
    345            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
    346                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
    347            ),
    348            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    349            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
    350            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    351                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    352            ),
    353            "JSON_FORMAT": lambda args: exp.JSONFormat(
    354                this=seq_get(args, 0), options=seq_get(args, 1), is_json=True
    355            ),
    356            "LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE": exp.Levenshtein.from_arg_list,
    357            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    358            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    359            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    360            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
    361                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    362                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    363                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
    364            ),
    365            "REPLACE": build_replace_with_optional_replacement,
    366            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
    367            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    368            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    369            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
    370            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    371                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), occurrence=seq_get(args, 2)
    372            ),
    373            "SLICE": exp.ArraySlice.from_arg_list,
    374            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
    375            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    376            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    377                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    378            ),
    379            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
    380            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
    381            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
    382        }
    383
    384        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    385        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    386
    387    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    388        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    389        JOIN_HINTS = False
    390        TABLE_HINTS = False
    391        QUERY_HINTS = False
    392        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
    393        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
    394        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    395        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    396        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    397        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
    398        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
    399        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
    400        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    401        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
    402        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
    403        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    404        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    405        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    406        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "CARDINALITY"
    407
    408        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    409            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    410            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    411            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    412        }
    413
    414        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    415            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    416            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    417            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    418            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    419            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
    420            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    421            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
    422            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    423            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    424            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    425            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    426            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    427            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
    428        }
    429
    430        TRANSFORMS = {
    431            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    432            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
    433            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    434            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    435            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    436            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    437            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
    438            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    439            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    440            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
    441            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
    442            exp.ArraySlice: rename_func("SLICE"),
    443            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
    444            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
    445            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    446                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
    447            ),
    448            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
    449            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
    450            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    451                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
    452            ),
    453            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
    454            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    455            exp.CurrentTime: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIME",
    456            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    457            exp.CurrentUser: lambda *_: "CURRENT_USER",
    458            exp.DateAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    459            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    460                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
    461            ),
    462            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    463            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    464            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    465            exp.DateSub: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD", negate_interval=True),
    466            exp.DayOfWeek: lambda self, e: f"(({self.func('DAY_OF_WEEK', e.this)} % 7) + 1)",
    467            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAY_OF_WEEK"),
    468            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
    469            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    470            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
    471            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
    472            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    473            e: f"format={self.sql(exp.Literal.string(e.name))}",
    474            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
    475            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
    476            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
    477            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    478            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    479            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    480            exp.If: if_sql(),
    481            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    482            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    483            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
    484            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
    485            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
    486            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    487            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    488                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE")
    489            ),
    490            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    491            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    492            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
    493            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    494            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    495            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    496            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    497            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    498            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    499            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    500                [
    501                    transforms.eliminate_window_clause,
    502                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    503                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    504                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(1),
    505                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    506                    amend_exploded_column_table,
    507                ]
    508            ),
    509            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    510            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(self, e, supports_occurrence=True),
    511            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    512            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
    513            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    514            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    515            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    516            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    517            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    518            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    519            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    520            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    521            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
    522                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
    523            ),
    524            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    525            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    526            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    527            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    528            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    529            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    530            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    531            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    532            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    533            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    534            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
    535            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    536            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    537            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
    538            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    539            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    540            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
    541            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
    542                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
    543            ),
    544            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
    545            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
    546            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    547            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    548        }
    549
    550        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    551            "alter",
    552            "and",
    553            "as",
    554            "between",
    555            "by",
    556            "case",
    557            "cast",
    558            "constraint",
    559            "create",
    560            "cross",
    561            "current_time",
    562            "current_timestamp",
    563            "deallocate",
    564            "delete",
    565            "describe",
    566            "distinct",
    567            "drop",
    568            "else",
    569            "end",
    570            "escape",
    571            "except",
    572            "execute",
    573            "exists",
    574            "extract",
    575            "false",
    576            "for",
    577            "from",
    578            "full",
    579            "group",
    580            "having",
    581            "in",
    582            "inner",
    583            "insert",
    584            "intersect",
    585            "into",
    586            "is",
    587            "join",
    588            "left",
    589            "like",
    590            "natural",
    591            "not",
    592            "null",
    593            "on",
    594            "or",
    595            "order",
    596            "outer",
    597            "prepare",
    598            "right",
    599            "select",
    600            "table",
    601            "then",
    602            "true",
    603            "union",
    604            "using",
    605            "values",
    606            "when",
    607            "where",
    608            "with",
    609        }
    610
    611        def jsonformat_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONFormat) -> str:
    612            this = expression.this
    613            is_json = expression.args.get("is_json")
    614
    615            if this and not (is_json or this.type):
    616                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    617
    618                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    619
    620            if not (is_json or this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.JSON)):
    621                this.replace(exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.JSON))
    622
    623            return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    624
    625        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    626            this = expression.this
    627
    628            if not this.type:
    629                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    630
    631                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    632
    633            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    634                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    635
    636            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))
    637
    638        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    639            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    640            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    641            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    642            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    643            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    644            this = expression.this
    645            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    646            value_as_timestamp = (
    647                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    648            )
    649
    650            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    651
    652            formatted_value = self.func(
    653                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    654            )
    655            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    656                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    657                formatted_value,
    658                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    659            )
    660            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    661            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
    662
    663        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    664            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    665                return self.func(
    666                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    667                    expression.this,
    668                    seq_get(
    669                        apply_index_offset(
    670                            expression.this,
    671                            expression.expressions,
    672                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    673                            dialect=self.dialect,
    674                        ),
    675                        0,
    676                    ),
    677                )
    678            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
    679
    680        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    681            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    682
    683            expression = annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    684            values: t.List[str] = []
    685            schema: t.List[str] = []
    686            unknown_type = False
    687
    688            for e in expression.expressions:
    689                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    690                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    691                        unknown_type = True
    692                    else:
    693                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    694                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    695                else:
    696                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    697
    698            size = len(expression.expressions)
    699
    700            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    701                if unknown_type:
    702                    self.unsupported(
    703                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    704                    )
    705                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    706            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
    707
    708        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    709            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    710                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    711            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    712
    713        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    714            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    715            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    716            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
    717
    718        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    719            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    720        ) -> t.List[str]:
    721            return [
    722                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    723                self.sql(limit),
    724            ]
    725
    726        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    727            """
    728            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    729            so we need to remove them
    730            """
    731            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    732            schema = expression.this
    733            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    734                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    735            return super().create_sql(expression)
    736
    737        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    738            """
    739            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    740            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    741            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    742            """
    743            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    744            if len(tables) > 1:
    745                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    746
    747            table = tables[0]
    748            expression.set("this", table)
    749            expression.set("tables", None)
    750
    751            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    752                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    753                if table_alias:
    754                    table_alias.pop()
    755                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    756
    757            return super().delete_sql(expression)
    758
    759        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    760            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    761
    762            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    763            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    764            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    765                return self.func(
    766                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    767                )
    768
    769            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    770
    771            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    772            segments = []
    773            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    774                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    775                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    776                    self.unsupported(
    777                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    778                    )
    779                    continue
    780                key = path_key.this
    781                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    782                    key = f'"{key}"'
    783                segments.append(f".{key}")
    784
    785            expr = "".join(segments)
    786
    787            return f"{this}{expr}"
    788
    789        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    790            return self.func(
    791                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    792                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    793                expression.args.get("separator"),
    794            )

INDEX_OFFSET = 1

The base index offset for arrays.

NULL_ORDERING = 'nulls_are_last'

Default `NULL` ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Possible values: `"nulls_are_small"`, `"nulls_are_large"`, `"nulls_are_last"`

TIME_FORMAT = "'%Y-%m-%d %T'"
STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True

Whether `CONCAT`'s arguments must be strings.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether `SEMI` or `ANTI` joins are supported.

TYPED_DIVISION = True

Whether the behavior of `a / b` depends on the types of `a` and `b`. False means `a / b` is always float division. True means `a / b` is integer division if both `a` and `b` are integers.

TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True

Whether a size in the table sample clause represents percentage.

LOG_BASE_FIRST: Optional[bool] = None

Whether the base comes first in the `LOG` function. Possible values: `True`, `False`, `None` (two arguments are not supported by `LOG`)

SUPPORTS_VALUES_DEFAULT = False

Whether the DEFAULT keyword is supported in the VALUES clause.

TIME_MAPPING = {'%M': '%B', '%c': '%-m', '%e': '%-d', '%h': '%I', '%i': '%M', '%s': '%S', '%u': '%W', '%k': '%-H', '%l': '%-I', '%T': '%H:%M:%S', '%W': '%A'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE: 'CASE_INSENSITIVE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

ANNOTATORS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Alias'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseNot'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Neg'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Not'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Paren'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAlias'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unary'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Add'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Binary'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseAnd'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Connector'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DPipe'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Distance'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Div'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Dot'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Escape'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GT'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GTE'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Glob'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntDiv'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Is'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContainsAllTopKeys'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContainsAnyTopKeys'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBDeleteAtPath'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Kwarg'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LT'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LTE'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Like'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Mod'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Mul'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NullSafeEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NullSafeNEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlaps'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PropertyEQ'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SimilarTo'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Slice'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sub'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixMillis'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixMicros'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase32'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.In'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Contains'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EndsWith'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Between'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Boolean'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ascii'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JustifyInterval'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Interval'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JustifyHours'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JustifyDays'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestampLTZ'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDateStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConcatWs'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase32'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToTimeStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Concat'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDateStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Anonymous'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcatAgg'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFirst'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayLast'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayReverse'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySlice'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Bracket'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataType'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateTrunc'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Distinct'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Filter'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateDateArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Literal'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Null'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unnest'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Window'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>}
SUPPORTED_SETTINGS = {'variant_extract_is_json_extract', 'normalization_strategy', 'version'}
SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

tokenizer_class = <class 'Presto.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Presto.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Presto.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'M': {0: True}, 'c': {0: True}, 'e': {0: True}, 'h': {0: True}, 'i': {0: True}, 's': {0: True}, 'u': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}, 'l': {0: True}, 'T': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'M': {0: True}, 'c': {0: True}, 'e': {0: True}, 'h': {0: True}, 'i': {0: True}, 's': {0: True}, 'u': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}, 'l': {0: True}, 'T': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%B': '%M', '%-m': '%c', '%-d': '%e', '%I': '%h', '%M': '%i', '%S': '%s', '%W': '%u', '%-H': '%k', '%-I': '%l', '%H:%M:%S': '%T', '%A': '%W'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'B': {0: True}, '-': {'m': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}, 'H': {':': {'%': {'M': {':': {'%': {'S': {0: True}}}}}}}, 'A': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '"'
IDENTIFIER_END = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = "x'"
HEX_END: Optional[str] = "'"
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = "U&'"
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = "'"
class Presto.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    291    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    292        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    293        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
    294            (prefix + q, q)
    295            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
    296            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
    297        ]
    298
    299        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
    300
    301        KEYWORDS = {
    302            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    303            "DEALLOCATE PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    304            "DESCRIBE INPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    305            "DESCRIBE OUTPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    306            "RESET SESSION": TokenType.COMMAND,
    307            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    308            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    309            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    310            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
    311            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
    312            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
    313            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
    314        }
    315        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    316        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")

HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
UNICODE_STRINGS = [("U&'", "'"), ("u&'", "'")]
NESTED_COMMENTS = False
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '|>': <TokenType.PIPE_GT: 'PIPE_GT'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NAMESPACE': <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SESSION': <TokenType.SESSION: 'SESSION'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT256': <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'UINT128': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'UINT256': <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'REVOKE': <TokenType.REVOKE: 'REVOKE'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'DEALLOCATE PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'DESCRIBE INPUT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'DESCRIBE OUTPUT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'RESET SESSION': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'START': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'IPADDRESS': <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, 'IPPREFIX': <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, 'TDIGEST': <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, 'HYPERLOGLOG': <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  SINGLE_TOKENS
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  RAW_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  QUOTES
  STRING_ESCAPES
  VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMANDS
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  COMMENTS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class Presto.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    318    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    319        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    320        ZONE_AWARE_TIMESTAMP_CONSTRUCTOR = True
    321
    322        FUNCTIONS = {
    323            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    324            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
    325            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    326            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
    327            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
    328            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    329            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
    330            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    331            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    332            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    333            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    334                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    335            ),
    336            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    337                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    338            ),
    339            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    340            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    341            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    342            "DAY_OF_WEEK": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    343            "DOW": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    344            "DOY": exp.DayOfYear.from_arg_list,
    345            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
    346                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
    347            ),
    348            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    349            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
    350            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    351                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    352            ),
    353            "JSON_FORMAT": lambda args: exp.JSONFormat(
    354                this=seq_get(args, 0), options=seq_get(args, 1), is_json=True
    355            ),
    356            "LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE": exp.Levenshtein.from_arg_list,
    357            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    358            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    359            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    360            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
    361                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    362                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    363                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
    364            ),
    365            "REPLACE": build_replace_with_optional_replacement,
    366            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
    367            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    368            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    369            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
    370            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    371                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), occurrence=seq_get(args, 2)
    372            ),
    373            "SLICE": exp.ArraySlice.from_arg_list,
    374            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
    375            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    376            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    377                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    378            ),
    379            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
    380            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
    381            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
    382        }
    383
    384        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    385        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
ZONE_AWARE_TIMESTAMP_CONSTRUCTOR = True
FUNCTIONS = {'AI_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AIAgg'>>, 'AI_CLASSIFY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AIClassify'>>, 'AI_SUMMARIZE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AISummarizeAgg'>>, 'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ACOS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Acos'>>, 'ACOSH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Acosh'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantiles'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopSum'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcatAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFirst'>>, 'ARRAY_INTERSECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayIntersect'>>, 'ARRAY_INTERSECTION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayIntersect'>>, 'ARRAY_LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayLast'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_REMOVE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayRemove'>>, 'ARRAY_REVERSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayReverse'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SLICE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySlice'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ascii'>>, 'ASIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Asin'>>, 'ASINH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Asinh'>>, 'ATAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Atan'>>, 'ATAN2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Atan2'>>, 'ATANH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Atanh'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'BASE64_DECODE_BINARY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Base64DecodeBinary'>>, 'BASE64_DECODE_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Base64DecodeString'>>, 'BASE64_ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Base64Encode'>>, 'BIT_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitLength'>>, 'BITWISE_AND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseAndAgg'>>, 'BITWISE_COUNT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseCountAgg'>>, 'BITWISE_OR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOrAgg'>>, 'BITWISE_XOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXorAgg'>>, 'BYTE_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ByteLength'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'CODE_POINTS_TO_BYTES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CodePointsToBytes'>>, 'CODE_POINTS_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CodePointsToString'>>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'COMPRESS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Compress'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CONVERT_TO_CHARSET': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConvertToCharset'>>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COSINE_DISTANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CosineDistance'>>, 'COT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cot'>>, 'COTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coth'>>, 'COUNT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CSC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Csc'>>, 'CSCH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Csch'>>, 'CUME_DIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CumeDist'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP_L_T_Z': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestampLTZ'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>>, 'DATE_ADD': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_BIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateBin'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_DIFF': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_FROM_UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromUnixDate'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function date_trunc_to_time>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK_ISO': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'ISODOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DECODE_CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DecodeCase'>>, 'DENSE_RANK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DenseRank'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'ENDS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EndsWith'>>, 'ENDSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EndsWith'>>, 'EUCLIDEAN_DISTANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EuclideanDistance'>>, 'EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exists'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXPLODING_GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodingGenerateSeries'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FARM_FINGERPRINT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FarmFingerprint'>>, 'FARMFINGERPRINT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FarmFingerprint'>>, 'FEATURES_AT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FeaturesAtTime'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Flatten'>>, 'FLOAT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Float64'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Format'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE32': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase32'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'FROM_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromISO8601Timestamp'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_EMBEDDING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateEmbedding'>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>>, 'GET_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GetExtract'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'GROUPING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Grouping'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HEX_DECODE_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HexDecodeString'>>, 'HEX_ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HexEncode'>>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'INLINE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Inline'>>, 'INT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>>, 'IS_ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_APPEND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAppend'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayInsert'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_CONTAINS_ALL_TOP_KEYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContainsAllTopKeys'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_CONTAINS_ANY_TOP_KEYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContainsAnyTopKeys'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_DELETE_AT_PATH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBDeleteAtPath'>>, 'JSONB_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExists'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_BOOL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBool'>>, 'J_S_O_N_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONCast'>>, 'J_S_O_N_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExists'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'J_S_O_N_KEYS_AT_DEPTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONKeysAtDepth'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'JSON_REMOVE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONRemove'>>, 'JSON_SET': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONSet'>>, 'JSON_STRIP_NULLS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONStripNulls'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'JSON_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONType'>>, 'J_S_O_N_VALUE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>>, 'JUSTIFY_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JustifyDays'>>, 'JUSTIFY_HOURS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JustifyHours'>>, 'JUSTIFY_INTERVAL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JustifyInterval'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LAX_BOOL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LaxBool'>>, 'LAX_FLOAT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LaxFloat64'>>, 'LAX_INT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LaxInt64'>>, 'LAX_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LaxString'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'CHAR_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'CHARACTER_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'M_D5_NUMBER_LOWER64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5NumberLower64'>>, 'M_D5_NUMBER_UPPER64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5NumberUpper64'>>, 'M_L_FORECAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MLForecast'>>, 'M_L_TRANSLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MLTranslate'>>, 'MAKE_INTERVAL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MEDIAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Median'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NORMALIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Normalize'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ntile'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OBJECT_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ObjectInsert'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>>, 'OVERLAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlay'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_BIGNUMERIC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseBignumeric'>>, 'PARSE_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseDatetime'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PARSE_NUMERIC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseNumeric'>>, 'PARSE_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseTime'>>, 'PERCENT_RANK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentRank'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_BUCKET': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeBucket'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'RANK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rank'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <function build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL': <function build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_INSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpInstr'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'REPLACE': <function build_replace_with_optional_replacement>, 'REVERSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reverse'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'S_H_A1_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA1Digest'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'S_H_A2_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2Digest'>>, 'SAFE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeAdd'>>, 'SAFE_CONVERT_BYTES_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeConvertBytesToString'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SAFE_MULTIPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeMultiply'>>, 'SAFE_NEGATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeNegate'>>, 'SAFE_SUBTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeSubtract'>>, 'SEC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sec'>>, 'SECH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sech'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sin'>>, 'SINH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sinh'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SOUNDEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Soundex'>>, 'SPACE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Space'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SPLIT_PART': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'ST_DISTANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StDistance'>>, 'ST_POINT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StPoint'>>, 'ST_MAKEPOINT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StPoint'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRTOK_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUBSTRING_INDEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SubstringIndex'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE32': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase32'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <function _build_to_char>, 'TO_CODE_POINTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToCodePoints'>>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber'>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRANSLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Translate'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'TYPEOF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Typeof'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNICODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_MICROS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixMicros'>>, 'UNIX_MILLIS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixMillis'>>, 'UNIX_SECONDS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UTC_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UtcDate'>>, 'UTC_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UtcTime'>>, 'UTC_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UtcTimestamp'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VECTOR_SEARCH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VectorSearch'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLElement'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRPOS': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARINDEX': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'LOCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'ARBITRARY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_PERCENTILE': <function _build_approx_percentile>, 'BITWISE_AND': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_NOT': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_OR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_XOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'CARDINALITY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'DATE_FORMAT': <function build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_PARSE': <function build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'DOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DOY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'ELEMENT_AT': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'FROM_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'FROM_UNIXTIME': <function _build_from_unixtime>, 'FROM_UTF8': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'NOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'ROW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'SEQUENCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'SET_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'SPLIT_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'SLICE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySlice'>>, 'TO_UNIXTIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TO_UTF8': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHA256': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHA512': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'ARG_MAX': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARGMAX': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'MAX_BY': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARG_MIN': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARGMIN': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'MIN_BY': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CEIL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FLOOR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NORMALIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OVERLAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>}
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SESSION: 'SESSION'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHYPOINT: 'GEOGRAPHYPOINT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.SEMANTIC_VIEW: 'SEMANTIC_VIEW'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SESSION: 'SESSION'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHYPOINT: 'GEOGRAPHYPOINT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.SEMANTIC_VIEW: 'SEMANTIC_VIEW'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ALTERABLES
  ALIAS_TOKENS
  COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS
  ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  ASSIGNMENT
  DISJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  TIMESTAMPS
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  LAMBDAS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  CAST_COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  STATEMENT_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  RANGE_PARSERS
  PIPE_SYNTAX_TRANSFORM_PARSERS
  PROPERTY_PARSERS
  CONSTRAINT_PARSERS
  ALTER_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_TOKENS
  SET_PARSERS
  SHOW_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  TYPE_CONVERTERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
  PROCEDURE_OPTIONS
  EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
  KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
  WINDOW_EXCLUDE_OPTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
  IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
  ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
  ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
  PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  DESCRIBE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  PARTITION_KEYWORDS
  AMBIGUOUS_ALIAS_TOKENS
  OPERATION_MODIFIERS
  RECURSIVE_CTE_SEARCH_KIND
  MODIFIABLES
  STRICT_CAST
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
  LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD
  SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  STRING_ALIASES
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT
  SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  WRAPPED_TRANSFORM_COLUMN_CONSTRAINT
  OPTIONAL_ALIAS_TOKEN_CTE
  ALTER_RENAME_REQUIRES_COLUMN
  JOINS_HAVE_EQUAL_PRECEDENCE
  MAP_KEYS_ARE_ARBITRARY_EXPRESSIONS
  JSON_EXTRACT_REQUIRES_JSON_EXPRESSION
  ADD_JOIN_ON_TRUE
  SUPPORTS_OMITTED_INTERVAL_SPAN_UNIT
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  parse_set_operation
  build_cast
  errors
  sql

class Presto.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

    387    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    388        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    389        JOIN_HINTS = False
    390        TABLE_HINTS = False
    391        QUERY_HINTS = False
    392        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
    393        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
    394        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    395        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    396        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    397        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
    398        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
    399        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
    400        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    401        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
    402        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
    403        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    404        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    405        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    406        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "CARDINALITY"
    407
    408        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    409            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    410            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    411            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    412        }
    413
    414        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    415            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    416            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    417            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    418            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    419            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
    420            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    421            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
    422            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    423            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    424            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    425            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    426            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    427            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
    428        }
    429
    430        TRANSFORMS = {
    431            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    432            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
    433            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    434            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    435            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    436            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    437            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
    438            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    439            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    440            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
    441            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
    442            exp.ArraySlice: rename_func("SLICE"),
    443            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
    444            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
    445            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    446                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
    447            ),
    448            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
    449            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
    450            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    451                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
    452            ),
    453            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
    454            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    455            exp.CurrentTime: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIME",
    456            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    457            exp.CurrentUser: lambda *_: "CURRENT_USER",
    458            exp.DateAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    459            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    460                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
    461            ),
    462            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    463            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    464            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    465            exp.DateSub: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD", negate_interval=True),
    466            exp.DayOfWeek: lambda self, e: f"(({self.func('DAY_OF_WEEK', e.this)} % 7) + 1)",
    467            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAY_OF_WEEK"),
    468            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
    469            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    470            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
    471            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
    472            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    473            e: f"format={self.sql(exp.Literal.string(e.name))}",
    474            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
    475            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
    476            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
    477            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    478            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    479            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    480            exp.If: if_sql(),
    481            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    482            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    483            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
    484            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
    485            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
    486            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    487            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    488                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE")
    489            ),
    490            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    491            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    492            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
    493            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    494            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    495            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    496            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    497            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    498            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    499            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    500                [
    501                    transforms.eliminate_window_clause,
    502                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    503                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    504                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(1),
    505                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    506                    amend_exploded_column_table,
    507                ]
    508            ),
    509            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    510            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(self, e, supports_occurrence=True),
    511            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    512            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
    513            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    514            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    515            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    516            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    517            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    518            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    519            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    520            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    521            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
    522                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
    523            ),
    524            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    525            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    526            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    527            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    528            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    529            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    530            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    531            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    532            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    533            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    534            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
    535            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    536            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    537            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
    538            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    539            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    540            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
    541            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
    542                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
    543            ),
    544            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
    545            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
    546            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    547            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    548        }
    549
    550        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    551            "alter",
    552            "and",
    553            "as",
    554            "between",
    555            "by",
    556            "case",
    557            "cast",
    558            "constraint",
    559            "create",
    560            "cross",
    561            "current_time",
    562            "current_timestamp",
    563            "deallocate",
    564            "delete",
    565            "describe",
    566            "distinct",
    567            "drop",
    568            "else",
    569            "end",
    570            "escape",
    571            "except",
    572            "execute",
    573            "exists",
    574            "extract",
    575            "false",
    576            "for",
    577            "from",
    578            "full",
    579            "group",
    580            "having",
    581            "in",
    582            "inner",
    583            "insert",
    584            "intersect",
    585            "into",
    586            "is",
    587            "join",
    588            "left",
    589            "like",
    590            "natural",
    591            "not",
    592            "null",
    593            "on",
    594            "or",
    595            "order",
    596            "outer",
    597            "prepare",
    598            "right",
    599            "select",
    600            "table",
    601            "then",
    602            "true",
    603            "union",
    604            "using",
    605            "values",
    606            "when",
    607            "where",
    608            "with",
    609        }
    610
    611        def jsonformat_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONFormat) -> str:
    612            this = expression.this
    613            is_json = expression.args.get("is_json")
    614
    615            if this and not (is_json or this.type):
    616                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    617
    618                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    619
    620            if not (is_json or this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.JSON)):
    621                this.replace(exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.JSON))
    622
    623            return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    624
    625        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    626            this = expression.this
    627
    628            if not this.type:
    629                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    630
    631                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    632
    633            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    634                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    635
    636            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))
    637
    638        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    639            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    640            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    641            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    642            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    643            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    644            this = expression.this
    645            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    646            value_as_timestamp = (
    647                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    648            )
    649
    650            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    651
    652            formatted_value = self.func(
    653                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    654            )
    655            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    656                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    657                formatted_value,
    658                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    659            )
    660            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    661            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
    662
    663        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    664            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    665                return self.func(
    666                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    667                    expression.this,
    668                    seq_get(
    669                        apply_index_offset(
    670                            expression.this,
    671                            expression.expressions,
    672                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    673                            dialect=self.dialect,
    674                        ),
    675                        0,
    676                    ),
    677                )
    678            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
    679
    680        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    681            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    682
    683            expression = annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    684            values: t.List[str] = []
    685            schema: t.List[str] = []
    686            unknown_type = False
    687
    688            for e in expression.expressions:
    689                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    690                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    691                        unknown_type = True
    692                    else:
    693                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    694                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    695                else:
    696                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    697
    698            size = len(expression.expressions)
    699
    700            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    701                if unknown_type:
    702                    self.unsupported(
    703                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    704                    )
    705                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    706            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
    707
    708        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    709            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    710                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    711            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    712
    713        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    714            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    715            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    716            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
    717
    718        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    719            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    720        ) -> t.List[str]:
    721            return [
    722                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    723                self.sql(limit),
    724            ]
    725
    726        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    727            """
    728            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    729            so we need to remove them
    730            """
    731            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    732            schema = expression.this
    733            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    734                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    735            return super().create_sql(expression)
    736
    737        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    738            """
    739            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    740            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    741            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    742            """
    743            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    744            if len(tables) > 1:
    745                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    746
    747            table = tables[0]
    748            expression.set("this", table)
    749            expression.set("tables", None)
    750
    751            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    752                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    753                if table_alias:
    754                    table_alias.pop()
    755                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    756
    757            return super().delete_sql(expression)
    758
    759        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    760            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    761
    762            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    763            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    764            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    765                return self.func(
    766                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    767                )
    768
    769            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    770
    771            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    772            segments = []
    773            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    774                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    775                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    776                    self.unsupported(
    777                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    778                    )
    779                    continue
    780                key = path_key.this
    781                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    782                    key = f'"{key}"'
    783                segments.append(f".{key}")
    784
    785            expr = "".join(segments)
    786
    787            return f"{this}{expr}"
    788
    789        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    790            return self.func(
    791                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    792                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    793                expression.args.get("separator"),
    794            )

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
STRUCT_DELIMITER = ('(', ')')
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
HEX_FUNC = 'TO_HEX'
PARSE_JSON_NAME = 'JSON_PARSE'
PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = 'CARDINALITY'
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EnviromentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IncludeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StorageHandlerProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.BLOB: 'BLOB'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.BINARY: 'BINARY'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.BIT: 'BIT'>: 'BOOLEAN', <Type.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>: 'REAL', <Type.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>: 'HYPERLOGLOG', <Type.INT: 'INT'>: 'INTEGER', <Type.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>: 'ROW', <Type.TEXT: 'TEXT'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>: 'TIME'}
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathFilter'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRecursive'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathScript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSelector'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSlice'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathUnion'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathWildcard'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeColumns'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeWith'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConvertToCharset'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CredentialsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EnviromentProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Get'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContainsAnyTopKeys'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContainsAllTopKeys'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBDeleteAtPath'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByBucket'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionByTruncate'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PositionalColumn'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Put'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TableColumn'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingData'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UtcDate'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UtcTime'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UtcTimestamp'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekStart'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySlice'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseAnd'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseNot'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function _date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function _date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function sequence_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateDateArray'>: <function sequence_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Group'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function no_ilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>: <function _initcap_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lateral'>: <function _explode_to_unnest_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>: <function left_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function no_pivot_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>: <function _quantile_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function regexp_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtractAll'>: <function regexp_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>: <function right_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Schema'>: <function _schema_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>: <function _no_sort_array>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function _str_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>: <function struct_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Table'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function no_timestamp_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function _date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql.<locals>._timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function _ts_or_ds_add_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function _ts_or_ds_diff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function _unix_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.With'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithinGroup'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function bool_xor_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>: <function sha256_sql>}
RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {'like', 'true', 'cross', 'insert', 'in', 'prepare', 'drop', 'and', 'delete', 'current_time', 'else', 'with', 'natural', 'extract', 'from', 'order', 'union', 'exists', 'into', 'constraint', 'right', 'outer', 'for', 'where', 'then', 'describe', 'by', 'intersect', 'is', 'values', 'or', 'escape', 'table', 'when', 'create', 'having', 'false', 'except', 'distinct', 'null', 'using', 'join', 'full', 'inner', 'left', 'cast', 'between', 'end', 'not', 'select', 'alter', 'current_timestamp', 'group', 'deallocate', 'on', 'as', 'execute', 'case'}
def jsonformat_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat) -> str: View Source

    611        def jsonformat_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONFormat) -> str:
    612            this = expression.this
    613            is_json = expression.args.get("is_json")
    614
    615            if this and not (is_json or this.type):
    616                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    617
    618                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    619
    620            if not (is_json or this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.JSON)):
    621                this.replace(exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.JSON))
    622
    623            return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)

def md5_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.MD5) -> str: View Source

    625        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    626            this = expression.this
    627
    628            if not this.type:
    629                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    630
    631                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    632
    633            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    634                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    635
    636            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))

def strtounix_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix) -> str: View Source

    638        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    639            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    640            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    641            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    642            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    643            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    644            this = expression.this
    645            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    646            value_as_timestamp = (
    647                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    648            )
    649
    650            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    651
    652            formatted_value = self.func(
    653                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    654            )
    655            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    656                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    657                formatted_value,
    658                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    659            )
    660            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    661            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)

def bracket_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Bracket) -> str: View Source

    663        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    664            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    665                return self.func(
    666                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    667                    expression.this,
    668                    seq_get(
    669                        apply_index_offset(
    670                            expression.this,
    671                            expression.expressions,
    672                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    673                            dialect=self.dialect,
    674                        ),
    675                        0,
    676                    ),
    677                )
    678            return super().bracket_sql(expression)

def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str: View Source

    680        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    681            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    682
    683            expression = annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    684            values: t.List[str] = []
    685            schema: t.List[str] = []
    686            unknown_type = False
    687
    688            for e in expression.expressions:
    689                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    690                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    691                        unknown_type = True
    692                    else:
    693                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    694                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    695                else:
    696                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    697
    698            size = len(expression.expressions)
    699
    700            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    701                if unknown_type:
    702                    self.unsupported(
    703                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    704                    )
    705                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    706            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"

def interval_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Interval) -> str: View Source

    708        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    709            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    710                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    711            return super().interval_sql(expression)

def transaction_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Transaction) -> str: View Source

    713        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    714            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    715            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    716            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"

def offset_limit_modifiers( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: Union[sqlglot.expressions.Fetch, sqlglot.expressions.Limit, NoneType]) -> List[str]: View Source

    718        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    719            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    720        ) -> t.List[str]:
    721            return [
    722                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    723                self.sql(limit),
    724            ]

def create_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Create) -> str: View Source

    726        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    727            """
    728            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    729            so we need to remove them
    730            """
    731            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    732            schema = expression.this
    733            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    734                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    735            return super().create_sql(expression)

Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression), so we need to remove them

def delete_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Delete) -> str: View Source

    737        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    738            """
    739            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    740            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    741            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    742            """
    743            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    744            if len(tables) > 1:
    745                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    746
    747            table = tables[0]
    748            expression.set("this", table)
    749            expression.set("tables", None)
    750
    751            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    752                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    753                if table_alias:
    754                    table_alias.pop()
    755                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    756
    757            return super().delete_sql(expression)

Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.

def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract) -> str: View Source

    759        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    760            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    761
    762            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    763            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    764            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    765                return self.func(
    766                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    767                )
    768
    769            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    770
    771            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    772            segments = []
    773            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    774                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    775                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    776                    self.unsupported(
    777                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    778                    )
    779                    continue
    780                key = path_key.this
    781                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    782                    key = f'"{key}"'
    783                segments.append(f".{key}")
    784
    785            expr = "".join(segments)
    786
    787            return f"{this}{expr}"

def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat) -> str: View Source

    789        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    790            return self.func(
    791                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    792                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    793                expression.args.get("separator"),
    794            )

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
SUPPORTS_DECODE_CASE = False
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
  IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
  SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL
  LIMIT_FETCH
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  INDEX_ON
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  LIMIT_IS_TOP
  RETURNING_END
  EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
  UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
  AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
  TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
  COLLATE_IS_FUNC
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  ENSURE_BOOLS
  CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
  LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
  UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP
  INSERT_OVERWRITE
  SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
  JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
  SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS
  CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
  SUPPORTS_WINDOW_EXCLUDE
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED
  COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  TRY_SUPPORTED
  SUPPORTS_UESCAPE
  UNICODE_SUBSTITUTE
  STAR_EXCEPT
  WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
  QUOTE_JSON_PATH
  SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS
  ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN
  SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE
  SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS
  ALTER_SET_WRAPPED
  NORMALIZE_EXTRACT_DATE_PARTS
  ALTER_SET_TYPE
  ARRAY_SIZE_DIM_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_BETWEEN_FLAGS
  SUPPORTS_LIKE_QUANTIFIERS
  MATCH_AGAINST_TABLE_PREFIX
  UNSUPPORTED_TYPES
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  TOKEN_MAPPING
  PARAMETER_TOKEN
  NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
  EXPRESSION_PRECEDES_PROPERTIES_CREATABLES
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
  RESPECT_IGNORE_NULLS_UNSUPPORTED_EXPRESSIONS
  SAFE_JSON_PATH_KEY_RE
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  sanitize_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_parts
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  createable_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  describe_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  datatype_sql
  directory_sql
  drop_sql
  set_operation
  set_operations
  fetch_sql
  limitoptions_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  with_properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  partitionboundspec_sql
  partitionedofproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  withsystemversioningproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  introducer_sql
  kill_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  objectidentifier_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  historicaldata_sql
  table_parts
  table_sql
  tablefromrows_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  version_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  values_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  groupingsets_sql
  rollup_sql
  cube_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  connect_sql
  prior_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_op
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  queryband_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  escape_str
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  withfill_sql
  cluster_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognizemeasure_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  options_modifier
  for_modifiers
  queryoption_sql
  after_limit_modifiers
  select_sql
  schema_sql
  schema_columns_sql
  star_sql
  parameter_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
  subquery_sql
  qualify_sql
  unnest_sql
  prewhere_sql
  where_sql
  window_sql
  partition_by_sql
  windowspec_sql
  withingroup_sql
  between_sql
  bracket_offset_expressions
  all_sql
  any_sql
  exists_sql
  case_sql
  constraint_sql
  nextvaluefor_sql
  extract_sql
  trim_sql
  convert_concat_args
  concat_sql
  concatws_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
  primarykey_sql
  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonpath_sql
  json_path_part
  formatjson_sql
  formatphrase_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  jsonobjectagg_sql
  jsonarray_sql
  jsonarrayagg_sql
  jsoncolumndef_sql
  jsonschema_sql
  jsontable_sql
  openjsoncolumndef_sql
  openjson_sql
  in_sql
  in_unnest_op
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
  pivotalias_sql
  aliases_sql
  atindex_sql
  attimezone_sql
  fromtimezone_sql
  add_sql
  and_sql
  or_sql
  xor_sql
  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
  bitwiseleftshift_sql
  bitwisenot_sql
  bitwiseor_sql
  bitwiserightshift_sql
  bitwisexor_sql
  cast_sql
  currentdate_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  mergetreettlaction_sql
  mergetreettl_sql
  commit_sql
  rollback_sql
  altercolumn_sql
  alterindex_sql
  alterdiststyle_sql
  altersortkey_sql
  alterrename_sql
  renamecolumn_sql
  alterset_sql
  alter_sql
  altersession_sql
  add_column_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  addpartition_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  havingmax_sql
  intdiv_sql
  dpipe_sql
  div_sql
  safedivide_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  eq_sql
  propertyeq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  is_sql
  like_sql
  ilike_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
  lte_sql
  mod_sql
  mul_sql
  neq_sql
  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  slice_sql
  sub_sql
  trycast_sql
  jsoncast_sql
  try_sql
  log_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  ceil_floor
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  too_wide
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  tag_sql
  token_sql
  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  whens_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql
  tonumber_sql
  dictproperty_sql
  dictrange_sql
  dictsubproperty_sql
  duplicatekeyproperty_sql
  uniquekeyproperty_sql
  distributedbyproperty_sql
  oncluster_sql
  clusteredbyproperty_sql
  anyvalue_sql
  querytransform_sql
  indexconstraintoption_sql
  checkcolumnconstraint_sql
  indexcolumnconstraint_sql
  nvl2_sql
  comprehension_sql
  columnprefix_sql
  opclass_sql
  predict_sql
  generateembedding_sql
  mltranslate_sql
  mlforecast_sql
  featuresattime_sql
  vectorsearch_sql
  forin_sql
  refresh_sql
  toarray_sql
  tsordstotime_sql
  tsordstotimestamp_sql
  tsordstodatetime_sql
  tsordstodate_sql
  unixdate_sql
  lastday_sql
  dateadd_sql
  arrayany_sql
  partitionrange_sql
  truncatetable_sql
  convert_sql
  copyparameter_sql
  credentials_sql
  copy_sql
  semicolon_sql
  datadeletionproperty_sql
  maskingpolicycolumnconstraint_sql
  gapfill_sql
  scope_resolution
  scoperesolution_sql
  parsejson_sql
  rand_sql
  changes_sql
  pad_sql
  summarize_sql
  explodinggenerateseries_sql
  arrayconcat_sql
  converttimezone_sql
  json_sql
  jsonvalue_sql
  conditionalinsert_sql
  multitableinserts_sql
  oncondition_sql
  jsonextractquote_sql
  jsonexists_sql
  arrayagg_sql
  apply_sql
  grant_sql
  revoke_sql
  grantprivilege_sql
  grantprincipal_sql
  columns_sql
  overlay_sql
  todouble_sql
  string_sql
  median_sql
  overflowtruncatebehavior_sql
  unixseconds_sql
  arraysize_sql
  attach_sql
  detach_sql
  attachoption_sql
  watermarkcolumnconstraint_sql
  encodeproperty_sql
  includeproperty_sql
  xmlelement_sql
  xmlkeyvalueoption_sql
  partitionbyrangeproperty_sql
  partitionbyrangepropertydynamic_sql
  unpivotcolumns_sql
  analyzesample_sql
  analyzestatistics_sql
  analyzehistogram_sql
  analyzedelete_sql
  analyzelistchainedrows_sql
  analyzevalidate_sql
  analyze_sql
  xmltable_sql
  xmlnamespace_sql
  export_sql
  declare_sql
  declareitem_sql
  recursivewithsearch_sql
  parameterizedagg_sql
  anonymousaggfunc_sql
  combinedaggfunc_sql
  combinedparameterizedagg_sql
  show_sql
  install_sql
  get_put_sql
  translatecharacters_sql
  decodecase_sql
  semanticview_sql
  getextract_sql
  datefromunixdate_sql
  space_sql
  buildproperty_sql
  refreshtriggerproperty_sql
  modelattribute_sql