sqlglot.dialects.snowflake API documentation

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# sqlglot.dialects.snowflake

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       1from __future__ import annotations
       2
       3import typing as t
       4
       5from sqlglot import exp, generator, jsonpath, parser, tokens, transforms
       6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
       7    Dialect,
       8    NormalizationStrategy,
       9    build_timetostr_or_tochar,
      10    binary_from_function,
      11    build_default_decimal_type,
      12    build_timestamp_from_parts,
      13    date_delta_sql,
      14    date_trunc_to_time,
      15    datestrtodate_sql,
      16    build_formatted_time,
      17    if_sql,
      18    inline_array_sql,
      19    max_or_greatest,
      20    min_or_least,
      21    rename_func,
      22    timestamptrunc_sql,
      23    timestrtotime_sql,
      24    var_map_sql,
      25    map_date_part,
      26    no_timestamp_sql,
      27    strposition_sql,
      28    timestampdiff_sql,
      29    no_make_interval_sql,
      30    groupconcat_sql,
      31)
      32from sqlglot.generator import unsupported_args
      33from sqlglot.helper import flatten, is_float, is_int, seq_get
      34from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
      35
      36if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
      37    from sqlglot._typing import E, B
      38
      39
      40# from https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/to_timestamp.html
      41def _build_datetime(
      42    name: str, kind: exp.DataType.Type, safe: bool = False
      43) -> t.Callable[[t.List], exp.Func]:
      44    def _builder(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
      45        value = seq_get(args, 0)
      46        scale_or_fmt = seq_get(args, 1)
      47
      48        int_value = value is not None and is_int(value.name)
      49        int_scale_or_fmt = scale_or_fmt is not None and scale_or_fmt.is_int
      50
      51        if isinstance(value, exp.Literal) or (value and scale_or_fmt):
      52            # Converts calls like `TO_TIME('01:02:03')` into casts
      53            if len(args) == 1 and value.is_string and not int_value:
      54                return (
      55                    exp.TryCast(this=value, to=exp.DataType.build(kind))
      56                    if safe
      57                    else exp.cast(value, kind)
      58                )
      59
      60            # Handles `TO_TIMESTAMP(str, fmt)` and `TO_TIMESTAMP(num, scale)` as special
      61            # cases so we can transpile them, since they're relatively common
      62            if kind == exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP:
      63                if not safe and (int_value or int_scale_or_fmt):
      64                    # TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP('integer') is not parsed into exp.UnixToTime as
      65                    # it's not easily transpilable
      66                    return exp.UnixToTime(this=value, scale=scale_or_fmt)
      67                if not int_scale_or_fmt and not is_float(value.name):
      68                    expr = build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "snowflake")(args)
      69                    expr.set("safe", safe)
      70                    return expr
      71
      72        if kind in (exp.DataType.Type.DATE, exp.DataType.Type.TIME) and not int_value:
      73            klass = exp.TsOrDsToDate if kind == exp.DataType.Type.DATE else exp.TsOrDsToTime
      74            formatted_exp = build_formatted_time(klass, "snowflake")(args)
      75            formatted_exp.set("safe", safe)
      76            return formatted_exp
      77
      78        return exp.Anonymous(this=name, expressions=args)
      79
      80    return _builder
      81
      82
      83def _build_object_construct(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.StarMap, exp.Struct]:
      84    expression = parser.build_var_map(args)
      85
      86    if isinstance(expression, exp.StarMap):
      87        return expression
      88
      89    return exp.Struct(
      90        expressions=[
      91            exp.PropertyEQ(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(expression.keys, expression.values)
      92        ]
      93    )
      94
      95
      96def _build_datediff(args: t.List) -> exp.DateDiff:
      97    return exp.DateDiff(
      98        this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0))
      99    )
     100
     101
     102def _build_date_time_add(expr_type: t.Type[E]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
     103    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
     104        return expr_type(
     105            this=seq_get(args, 2),
     106            expression=seq_get(args, 1),
     107            unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0)),
     108        )
     109
     110    return _builder
     111
     112
     113def _build_bitwise(expr_type: t.Type[B], name: str) -> t.Callable[[t.List], B | exp.Anonymous]:
     114    def _builder(args: t.List) -> B | exp.Anonymous:
     115        if len(args) == 3:
     116            return exp.Anonymous(this=name, expressions=args)
     117
     118        return binary_from_function(expr_type)(args)
     119
     120    return _builder
     121
     122
     123# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/div0
     124def _build_if_from_div0(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     125    lhs = exp._wrap(seq_get(args, 0), exp.Binary)
     126    rhs = exp._wrap(seq_get(args, 1), exp.Binary)
     127
     128    cond = exp.EQ(this=rhs, expression=exp.Literal.number(0)).and_(
     129        exp.Is(this=lhs, expression=exp.null()).not_()
     130    )
     131    true = exp.Literal.number(0)
     132    false = exp.Div(this=lhs, expression=rhs)
     133    return exp.If(this=cond, true=true, false=false)
     134
     135
     136# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
     137def _build_if_from_zeroifnull(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     138    cond = exp.Is(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Null())
     139    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Literal.number(0), false=seq_get(args, 0))
     140
     141
     142# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
     143def _build_if_from_nullifzero(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     144    cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
     145    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Null(), false=seq_get(args, 0))
     146
     147
     148def _regexpilike_sql(self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.RegexpILike) -> str:
     149    flag = expression.text("flag")
     150
     151    if "i" not in flag:
     152        flag += "i"
     153
     154    return self.func(
     155        "REGEXP_LIKE", expression.this, expression.expression, exp.Literal.string(flag)
     156    )
     157
     158
     159def _build_regexp_replace(args: t.List) -> exp.RegexpReplace:
     160    regexp_replace = exp.RegexpReplace.from_arg_list(args)
     161
     162    if not regexp_replace.args.get("replacement"):
     163        regexp_replace.set("replacement", exp.Literal.string(""))
     164
     165    return regexp_replace
     166
     167
     168def _show_parser(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[Snowflake.Parser], exp.Show]:
     169    def _parse(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> exp.Show:
     170        return self._parse_show_snowflake(*args, **kwargs)
     171
     172    return _parse
     173
     174
     175def _date_trunc_to_time(args: t.List) -> exp.DateTrunc | exp.TimestampTrunc:
     176    trunc = date_trunc_to_time(args)
     177    trunc.set("unit", map_date_part(trunc.args["unit"]))
     178    return trunc
     179
     180
     181def _unqualify_pivot_columns(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     182    """
     183    Snowflake doesn't allow columns referenced in UNPIVOT to be qualified,
     184    so we need to unqualify them. Same goes for ANY ORDER BY <column>.
     185
     186    Example:
     187        >>> from sqlglot import parse_one
     188        >>> expr = parse_one("SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (m_sales.jan, feb, mar, april))")
     189        >>> print(_unqualify_pivot_columns(expr).sql(dialect="snowflake"))
     190        SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (jan, feb, mar, april))
     191    """
     192    if isinstance(expression, exp.Pivot):
     193        if expression.unpivot:
     194            expression = transforms.unqualify_columns(expression)
     195        else:
     196            for field in expression.fields:
     197                field_expr = seq_get(field.expressions if field else [], 0)
     198
     199                if isinstance(field_expr, exp.PivotAny):
     200                    unqualified_field_expr = transforms.unqualify_columns(field_expr)
     201                    t.cast(exp.Expression, field).set("expressions", unqualified_field_expr, 0)
     202
     203    return expression
     204
     205
     206def _flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     207    assert isinstance(expression, exp.Create)
     208
     209    def _flatten_structured_type(expression: exp.DataType) -> exp.DataType:
     210        if expression.this in exp.DataType.NESTED_TYPES:
     211            expression.set("expressions", None)
     212        return expression
     213
     214    props = expression.args.get("properties")
     215    if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Schema) and not (props and props.find(exp.IcebergProperty)):
     216        for schema_expression in expression.this.expressions:
     217            if isinstance(schema_expression, exp.ColumnDef):
     218                column_type = schema_expression.kind
     219                if isinstance(column_type, exp.DataType):
     220                    column_type.transform(_flatten_structured_type, copy=False)
     221
     222    return expression
     223
     224
     225def _unnest_generate_date_array(unnest: exp.Unnest) -> None:
     226    generate_date_array = unnest.expressions[0]
     227    start = generate_date_array.args.get("start")
     228    end = generate_date_array.args.get("end")
     229    step = generate_date_array.args.get("step")
     230
     231    if not start or not end or not isinstance(step, exp.Interval) or step.name != "1":
     232        return
     233
     234    unit = step.args.get("unit")
     235
     236    unnest_alias = unnest.args.get("alias")
     237    if unnest_alias:
     238        unnest_alias = unnest_alias.copy()
     239        sequence_value_name = seq_get(unnest_alias.columns, 0) or "value"
     240    else:
     241        sequence_value_name = "value"
     242
     243    # We'll add the next sequence value to the starting date and project the result
     244    date_add = _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd)(
     245        [unit, exp.cast(sequence_value_name, "int"), exp.cast(start, "date")]
     246    ).as_(sequence_value_name)
     247
     248    # We use DATEDIFF to compute the number of sequence values needed
     249    number_sequence = Snowflake.Parser.FUNCTIONS["ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE"](
     250        [exp.Literal.number(0), _build_datediff([unit, start, end]) + 1]
     251    )
     252
     253    unnest.set("expressions", [number_sequence])
     254    unnest.replace(exp.select(date_add).from_(unnest.copy()).subquery(unnest_alias))
     255
     256
     257def _transform_generate_date_array(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     258    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select):
     259        for generate_date_array in expression.find_all(exp.GenerateDateArray):
     260            parent = generate_date_array.parent
     261
     262            # If GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY is used directly as an array (e.g passed into ARRAY_LENGTH), the transformed Snowflake
     263            # query is the following (it'll be unnested properly on the next iteration due to copy):
     264            # SELECT ref(GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY(...)) -> SELECT ref((SELECT ARRAY_AGG(*) FROM UNNEST(GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY(...))))
     265            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Unnest):
     266                unnest = exp.Unnest(expressions=[generate_date_array.copy()])
     267                generate_date_array.replace(
     268                    exp.select(exp.ArrayAgg(this=exp.Star())).from_(unnest).subquery()
     269                )
     270
     271            if (
     272                isinstance(parent, exp.Unnest)
     273                and isinstance(parent.parent, (exp.From, exp.Join))
     274                and len(parent.expressions) == 1
     275            ):
     276                _unnest_generate_date_array(parent)
     277
     278    return expression
     279
     280
     281def _build_regexp_extract(expr_type: t.Type[E]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
     282    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
     283        return expr_type(
     284            this=seq_get(args, 0),
     285            expression=seq_get(args, 1),
     286            position=seq_get(args, 2),
     287            occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
     288            parameters=seq_get(args, 4),
     289            group=seq_get(args, 5) or exp.Literal.number(0),
     290        )
     291
     292    return _builder
     293
     294
     295def _regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract | exp.RegexpExtractAll) -> str:
     296    # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
     297    # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
     298    group = expression.args.get("group")
     299
     300    # To avoid generating all these default values, we set group to None if
     301    # it's 0 (also default value) which doesn't trigger the following chain
     302    if group and group.name == "0":
     303        group = None
     304
     305    parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
     306    occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
     307    position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
     308
     309    return self.func(
     310        "REGEXP_SUBSTR" if isinstance(expression, exp.RegexpExtract) else "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL",
     311        expression.this,
     312        expression.expression,
     313        position,
     314        occurrence,
     315        parameters,
     316        group,
     317    )
     318
     319
     320def _json_extract_value_array_sql(
     321    self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.JSONValueArray | exp.JSONExtractArray
     322) -> str:
     323    json_extract = exp.JSONExtract(this=expression.this, expression=expression.expression)
     324    ident = exp.to_identifier("x")
     325
     326    if isinstance(expression, exp.JSONValueArray):
     327        this: exp.Expression = exp.cast(ident, to=exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR)
     328    else:
     329        this = exp.ParseJSON(this=f"TO_JSON({ident})")
     330
     331    transform_lambda = exp.Lambda(expressions=[ident], this=this)
     332
     333    return self.func("TRANSFORM", json_extract, transform_lambda)
     334
     335
     336class Snowflake(Dialect):
     337    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
     338    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
     339    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
     340    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
     341    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     342    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     343    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
     344    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
     345    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
     346    ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS = None
     347
     348    TIME_MAPPING = {
     349        "YYYY": "%Y",
     350        "yyyy": "%Y",
     351        "YY": "%y",
     352        "yy": "%y",
     353        "MMMM": "%B",
     354        "mmmm": "%B",
     355        "MON": "%b",
     356        "mon": "%b",
     357        "MM": "%m",
     358        "mm": "%m",
     359        "DD": "%d",
     360        "dd": "%-d",
     361        "DY": "%a",
     362        "dy": "%w",
     363        "HH24": "%H",
     364        "hh24": "%H",
     365        "HH12": "%I",
     366        "hh12": "%I",
     367        "MI": "%M",
     368        "mi": "%M",
     369        "SS": "%S",
     370        "ss": "%S",
     371        "FF6": "%f",
     372        "ff6": "%f",
     373    }
     374
     375    DATE_PART_MAPPING = {
     376        **Dialect.DATE_PART_MAPPING,
     377        "ISOWEEK": "WEEKISO",
     378    }
     379
     380    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
     381        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
     382        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
     383        if (
     384            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     385            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
     386            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
     387        ):
     388            return expression  # type: ignore
     389
     390        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
     391
     392    class JSONPathTokenizer(jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer):
     393        SINGLE_TOKENS = jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS.copy()
     394        SINGLE_TOKENS.pop("$")
     395
     396    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     397        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
     398        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
     399        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
     400
     401        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
     402            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
     403            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     404        }
     405
     406        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
     407        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
     408
     409        COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS = ID_VAR_TOKENS | {TokenType.NUMBER}
     410
     411        FUNCTIONS = {
     412            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     413            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
     414            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
     415            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
     416                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
     417            ),
     418            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
     419                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
     420                start=seq_get(args, 0),
     421                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
     422                step=seq_get(args, 2),
     423            ),
     424            "BITXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     425            "BIT_XOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     426            "BITOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     427            "BIT_OR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     428            "BITSHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BITSHIFTLEFT"),
     429            "BIT_SHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BIT_SHIFTLEFT"),
     430            "BITSHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
     431            "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT"),
     432            "BOOLXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.Xor, "BOOLXOR"),
     433            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     434            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
     435            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     436            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     437            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
     438            "EDITDISTANCE": lambda args: exp.Levenshtein(
     439                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), max_dist=seq_get(args, 2)
     440            ),
     441            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
     442            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
     443                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
     444            ),
     445            "HEX_DECODE_BINARY": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
     446            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
     447            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
     448                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
     449            ),
     450            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     451            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     452            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
     453            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
     454            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     455            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
     456            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
     457            "REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     458            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     459            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     460            "TABLE": lambda args: exp.TableFromRows(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
     461            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
     462            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     463            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     464            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
     465            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     466            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     467            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     468            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     469            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
     470            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
     471            "TRY_TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME, safe=True),
     472            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
     473                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
     474            ),
     475            "TO_CHAR": build_timetostr_or_tochar,
     476            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     477            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
     478                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     479                format=seq_get(args, 1),
     480                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
     481                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
     482            ),
     483            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
     484            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     485            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
     486            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     487            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
     488            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
     489            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
     490        }
     491
     492        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     493            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     494            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
     495            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
     496            "LISTAGG": lambda self: self._parse_string_agg(),
     497        }
     498        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     499
     500        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
     501
     502        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     503            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     504            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
     505            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
     506        }
     507
     508        ALTER_PARSERS = {
     509            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
     510            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
     511                exp.Set,
     512                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
     513                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     514                unset=True,
     515            ),
     516        }
     517
     518        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     519            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     520            TokenType.GET: lambda self: self._parse_get(),
     521            TokenType.PUT: lambda self: self._parse_put(),
     522            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
     523        }
     524
     525        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     526            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     527            "CREDENTIALS": lambda self: self._parse_credentials_property(),
     528            "FILE_FORMAT": lambda self: self._parse_file_format_property(),
     529            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
     530            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_tag(),
     531            "USING": lambda self: self._match_text_seq("TEMPLATE")
     532            and self.expression(exp.UsingTemplateProperty, this=self._parse_statement()),
     533        }
     534
     535        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
     536            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
     537            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
     538        }
     539
     540        SHOW_PARSERS = {
     541            "DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     542            "TERSE DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     543            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     544            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     545            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     546            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     547            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     548            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     549            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     550            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     551            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     552            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     553            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     554            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     555            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     556            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     557            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     558            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     559            "STAGES": _show_parser("STAGES"),
     560            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
     561            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     562            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     563            "FILE FORMATS": _show_parser("FILE FORMATS"),
     564            "FUNCTIONS": _show_parser("FUNCTIONS"),
     565            "PROCEDURES": _show_parser("PROCEDURES"),
     566            "WAREHOUSES": _show_parser("WAREHOUSES"),
     567        }
     568
     569        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     570            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     571            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     572            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     573            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     574            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     575        }
     576
     577        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     578            TokenType.DOT,
     579            TokenType.MOD,
     580            TokenType.SLASH,
     581        }
     582
     583        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
     584
     585        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
     586
     587        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
     588
     589        LAMBDAS = {
     590            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
     591            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
     592                exp.Lambda,
     593                this=self._replace_lambda(
     594                    self._parse_assignment(),
     595                    expressions,
     596                ),
     597                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
     598            ),
     599        }
     600
     601        def _parse_use(self) -> exp.Use:
     602            if self._match_text_seq("SECONDARY", "ROLES"):
     603                this = self._match_texts(("ALL", "NONE")) and exp.var(self._prev.text.upper())
     604                roles = None if this else self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_table(schema=False))
     605                return self.expression(
     606                    exp.Use, kind="SECONDARY ROLES", this=this, expressions=roles
     607                )
     608
     609            return super()._parse_use()
     610
     611        def _negate_range(
     612            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     613        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     614            if not this:
     615                return this
     616
     617            query = this.args.get("query")
     618            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
     619                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
     620                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
     621                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
     622                #
     623                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
     624                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
     625                return self.expression(
     626                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
     627                )
     628
     629            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
     630
     631        def _parse_tag(self) -> exp.Tags:
     632            return self.expression(
     633                exp.Tags,
     634                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
     635            )
     636
     637        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     638            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
     639                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
     640
     641            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
     642                policy = self._parse_column()
     643                return self.expression(
     644                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
     645                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     646                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
     647                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     648                )
     649            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
     650                policy = self._parse_column()
     651                return self.expression(
     652                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
     653                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     654                )
     655            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     656                return self._parse_tag()
     657
     658            return None
     659
     660        def _parse_with_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression] | t.List[exp.Expression]:
     661            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     662                return self._parse_tag()
     663
     664            return super()._parse_with_property()
     665
     666        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     667            expression = super()._parse_create()
     668            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
     669                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
     670                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
     671
     672            return expression
     673
     674        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
     675        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
     676        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     677            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
     678
     679            if not this:
     680                return None
     681
     682            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     683            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
     684            this = map_date_part(this)
     685            name = this.name.upper()
     686
     687            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
     688                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
     689                    scale = 10**3
     690                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
     691                    scale = 10**6
     692                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
     693                    scale = 10**9
     694                else:
     695                    scale = None
     696
     697                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
     698                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
     699
     700                if scale:
     701                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
     702
     703                return to_unix
     704
     705            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
     706
     707        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     708            if is_map:
     709                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
     710                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
     711                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
     712                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
     713
     714            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
     715
     716        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
     717            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
     718            if not lateral:
     719                return lateral
     720
     721            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
     722                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
     723                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
     724                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
     725                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
     726                elif not table_alias:
     727                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
     728
     729            return lateral
     730
     731        def _parse_table_parts(
     732            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     733        ) -> exp.Table:
     734            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
     735            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
     736                table = self._parse_string()
     737            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
     738                table = self._parse_location_path()
     739            else:
     740                table = None
     741
     742            if table:
     743                file_format = None
     744                pattern = None
     745
     746                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     747                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
     748                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
     749                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
     750                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
     751                        )
     752                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
     753                        pattern = self._parse_string()
     754                    else:
     755                        break
     756
     757                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     758
     759                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
     760            else:
     761                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
     762
     763            return table
     764
     765        def _parse_table(
     766            self,
     767            schema: bool = False,
     768            joins: bool = False,
     769            alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     770            parse_bracket: bool = False,
     771            is_db_reference: bool = False,
     772            parse_partition: bool = False,
     773        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     774            table = super()._parse_table(
     775                schema=schema,
     776                joins=joins,
     777                alias_tokens=alias_tokens,
     778                parse_bracket=parse_bracket,
     779                is_db_reference=is_db_reference,
     780                parse_partition=parse_partition,
     781            )
     782            if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and isinstance(table.this, exp.TableFromRows):
     783                table_from_rows = table.this
     784                for arg in exp.TableFromRows.arg_types:
     785                    if arg != "this":
     786                        table_from_rows.set(arg, table.args.get(arg))
     787
     788                table = table_from_rows
     789
     790            return table
     791
     792        def _parse_id_var(
     793            self,
     794            any_token: bool = True,
     795            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     796        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     797            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
     798                identifier = (
     799                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     800                    or self._parse_string()
     801                )
     802                self._match_r_paren()
     803                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
     804
     805            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     806
     807        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
     808            scope = None
     809            scope_kind = None
     810
     811            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
     812            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
     813            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
     814
     815            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
     816
     817            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
     818
     819            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
     820                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
     821                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
     822                elif self._match_text_seq("CLASS"):
     823                    scope_kind = "CLASS"
     824                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     825                elif self._match_text_seq("APPLICATION"):
     826                    scope_kind = "APPLICATION"
     827                    if self._match_text_seq("PACKAGE"):
     828                        scope_kind += " PACKAGE"
     829                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     830                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
     831                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
     832                    if self._curr:
     833                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     834                elif self._curr:
     835                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
     836                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     837
     838            return self.expression(
     839                exp.Show,
     840                **{
     841                    "terse": terse,
     842                    "this": this,
     843                    "history": history,
     844                    "like": like,
     845                    "scope": scope,
     846                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
     847                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
     848                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
     849                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
     850                    "privileges": self._match_text_seq("WITH", "PRIVILEGES")
     851                    and self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_var(any_token=True, upper=True)),
     852                },
     853            )
     854
     855        def _parse_put(self) -> exp.Put | exp.Command:
     856            if self._curr.token_type != TokenType.STRING:
     857                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
     858
     859            return self.expression(
     860                exp.Put,
     861                this=self._parse_string(),
     862                target=self._parse_location_path(),
     863                properties=self._parse_properties(),
     864            )
     865
     866        def _parse_get(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     867            start = self._prev
     868
     869            # If we detect GET( then we need to parse a function, not a statement
     870            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN):
     871                self._retreat(self._index - 2)
     872                return self._parse_expression()
     873
     874            target = self._parse_location_path()
     875
     876            # Parse as command if unquoted file path
     877            if self._curr.token_type == TokenType.URI_START:
     878                return self._parse_as_command(start)
     879
     880            return self.expression(
     881                exp.Get,
     882                this=self._parse_string(),
     883                target=target,
     884                properties=self._parse_properties(),
     885            )
     886
     887        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
     888            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     889            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
     890
     891        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     892            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
     893            return (
     894                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
     895                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
     896                else self._parse_table_parts()
     897            )
     898
     899        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
     900            start = self._curr
     901            self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
     902
     903            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
     904            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
     905            # in case of subqueries
     906            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     907                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
     908            ):
     909                self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
     910
     911            return exp.var(self._find_sql(start, self._prev))
     912
     913        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     914            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
     915
     916            if not this:
     917                return this
     918
     919            typ = self._parse_types()
     920
     921            if typ:
     922                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
     923
     924            return this
     925
     926        def _parse_foreign_key(self) -> exp.ForeignKey:
     927            # inlineFK, the REFERENCES columns are implied
     928            if self._match(TokenType.REFERENCES, advance=False):
     929                return self.expression(exp.ForeignKey)
     930
     931            # outoflineFK, explicitly names the columns
     932            return super()._parse_foreign_key()
     933
     934        def _parse_file_format_property(self) -> exp.FileFormatProperty:
     935            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     936            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
     937                expressions = self._parse_wrapped_options()
     938            else:
     939                expressions = [self._parse_format_name()]
     940
     941            return self.expression(
     942                exp.FileFormatProperty,
     943                expressions=expressions,
     944            )
     945
     946        def _parse_credentials_property(self) -> exp.CredentialsProperty:
     947            return self.expression(
     948                exp.CredentialsProperty,
     949                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_options(),
     950            )
     951
     952    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     953        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
     954        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
     955        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
     956        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
     957        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
     958
     959        KEYWORDS = {
     960            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     961            "FILE://": TokenType.URI_START,
     962            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     963            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     964            "FILE FORMAT": TokenType.FILE_FORMAT,
     965            "GET": TokenType.GET,
     966            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
     967            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
     968            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     969            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
     970            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     971            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     972            "PUT": TokenType.PUT,
     973            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     974            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     975            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     976            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     977            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     978            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
     979            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
     980            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     981            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     982            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
     983            "STAGE": TokenType.STAGE,
     984            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
     985        }
     986        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     987
     988        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     989            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
     990            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     991        }
     992
     993        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
     994
     995        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
     996
     997    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     998        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     999        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
    1000        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
    1001        JOIN_HINTS = False
    1002        TABLE_HINTS = False
    1003        QUERY_HINTS = False
    1004        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
    1005        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
    1006        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
    1007        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    1008        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
    1009        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
    1010        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    1011        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
    1012        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
    1013        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
    1014        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
    1015        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
    1016        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
    1017        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    1018        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
    1019        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "ARRAY_SIZE"
    1020
    1021        TRANSFORMS = {
    1022            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    1023            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
    1024            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    1025            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    1026            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
    1027            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
    1028            exp.ArrayIntersect: rename_func("ARRAY_INTERSECTION"),
    1029            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1030                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
    1031            ),
    1032            exp.BitwiseOr: rename_func("BITOR"),
    1033            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
    1034            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTLEFT"),
    1035            exp.BitwiseRightShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
    1036            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
    1037            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
    1038            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1039            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1040            exp.DatetimeDiff: timestampdiff_sql,
    1041            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    1042            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
    1043            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
    1044            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAYOFWEEKISO"),
    1045            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
    1046            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
    1047            exp.Extract: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1048                "DATE_PART", map_date_part(e.this, self.dialect), e.expression
    1049            ),
    1050            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    1051            e: f"FILE_FORMAT=({self.expressions(e, 'expressions', sep=' ')})",
    1052            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1053                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
    1054            ),
    1055            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1056                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
    1057            ),
    1058            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(self, e, sep=""),
    1059            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
    1060            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1061            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1062                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
    1063            ),
    1064            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
    1065            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
    1066            exp.JSONValueArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1067            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost")(
    1068                rename_func("EDITDISTANCE")
    1069            ),
    1070            exp.LocationProperty: lambda self, e: f"LOCATION={self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1071            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
    1072            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
    1073            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1074            exp.MakeInterval: no_make_interval_sql,
    1075            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    1076            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    1077            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1078                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
    1079            ),
    1080            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1081            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
    1082                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1083            ),
    1084            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
    1085                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1086            ),
    1087            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_pivot_columns]),
    1088            exp.RegexpExtract: _regexpextract_sql,
    1089            exp.RegexpExtractAll: _regexpextract_sql,
    1090            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
    1091            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
    1092            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    1093                [
    1094                    transforms.eliminate_window_clause,
    1095                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    1096                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(),
    1097                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1098                    _transform_generate_date_array,
    1099                ]
    1100            ),
    1101            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1102            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1103            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
    1104            exp.EndsWith: rename_func("ENDSWITH"),
    1105            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    1106                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
    1107            ),
    1108            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    1109            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
    1110            exp.StPoint: rename_func("ST_MAKEPOINT"),
    1111            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
    1112            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    1113            exp.TimestampAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1114            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1115                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
    1116            ),
    1117            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    1118            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1119            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    1120            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
    1121            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
    1122            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
    1123            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1124            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1125            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1126                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1127            ),
    1128            exp.TsOrDsToTime: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1129                "TRY_TO_TIME" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_TIME", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1130            ),
    1131            exp.Unhex: rename_func("HEX_DECODE_BINARY"),
    1132            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
    1133            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
    1134            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1135            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    1136            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
    1137        }
    1138
    1139        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1140            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1141            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1142            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1143        }
    1144
    1145        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1146            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1147            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
    1148            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
    1149            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "DOUBLE",
    1150        }
    1151
    1152        TOKEN_MAPPING = {
    1153            TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: "AUTOINCREMENT",
    1154        }
    1155
    1156        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1157            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1158            exp.CredentialsProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1159            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1160            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    1161            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1162            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1163        }
    1164
    1165        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
    1166            exp.Map,
    1167            exp.StarMap,
    1168            exp.Struct,
    1169            exp.VarMap,
    1170        }
    1171
    1172        RESPECT_IGNORE_NULLS_UNSUPPORTED_EXPRESSIONS = (exp.ArrayAgg,)
    1173
    1174        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1175            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
    1176
    1177        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1178            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1179                values_as_table = False
    1180
    1181            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
    1182
    1183        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1184            expressions = expression.expressions
    1185            if (
    1186                expressions
    1187                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1188                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1189            ):
    1190                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1191                return "OBJECT"
    1192
    1193            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    1194
    1195        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1196            return self.func(
    1197                "TO_NUMBER",
    1198                expression.this,
    1199                expression.args.get("format"),
    1200                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1201                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1202            )
    1203
    1204        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1205            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1206            if milli is not None:
    1207                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1208                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1209
    1210            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
    1211
    1212        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1213            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1214                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1215            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1216                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1217
    1218            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
    1219
    1220        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1221            value = expression.this
    1222
    1223            if value.type is None:
    1224                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1225
    1226                value = annotate_types(value, dialect=self.dialect)
    1227
    1228            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1229                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1230
    1231            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1232            return self.cast_sql(expression)
    1233
    1234        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1235            if not expression.expression:
    1236                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1237
    1238            return super().log_sql(expression)
    1239
    1240        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1241            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1242            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1243
    1244            unnest_alias_columns = unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else []
    1245            value = seq_get(unnest_alias_columns, 0) or exp.to_identifier("value")
    1246
    1247            columns = [
    1248                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1249                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1250                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1251                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1252                value,
    1253                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1254            ]
    1255
    1256            if unnest_alias:
    1257                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1258            else:
    1259                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1260
    1261            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1262            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1263                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1264
    1265            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1266            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1267            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1268            value = "" if isinstance(expression.parent, (exp.From, exp.Join)) else f"{value} FROM "
    1269
    1270            return f"{value}{explode}{alias}"
    1271
    1272        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1273            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1274            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1275            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1276            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1277
    1278            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1279            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1280
    1281            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1282            if scope_kind:
    1283                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1284
    1285            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1286            if starts_with:
    1287                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1288
    1289            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1290
    1291            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1292            if from_:
    1293                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1294
    1295            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1296            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1297
    1298            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"
    1299
    1300        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1301            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1302            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1303            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1304            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1305            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1306            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1307            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1308
    1309        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1310            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1311        ) -> str:
    1312            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1313            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1314            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1315            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1316            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1317
    1318        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1319            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1320
    1321        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1322            keys = []
    1323            values = []
    1324
    1325            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1326                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1327                    keys.append(
    1328                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1329                    )
    1330                    values.append(e.expression)
    1331                else:
    1332                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1333                    values.append(e)
    1334
    1335            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1336
    1337        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1338        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1339            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1340
    1341        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1342            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1343            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1344            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1345            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1346            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1347            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1348            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1349            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1350
    1351            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1352
    1353        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1354            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1355            return self.func(
    1356                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1357            )
    1358
    1359        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1360            return self.sql(
    1361                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1362                    this=expression.this,
    1363                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1364                    unit=expression.unit,
    1365                )
    1366            )
    1367
    1368        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1369            this = expression.this
    1370
    1371            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1372            return self.func(
    1373                "GET_PATH",
    1374                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1375                expression.expression,
    1376            )
    1377
    1378        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1379            this = expression.this
    1380            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1381                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1382
    1383            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))
    1384
    1385        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1386            value = expression.expression
    1387            if value:
    1388                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1389            else:
    1390                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1391
    1392            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)
    1393
    1394        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1395            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1396            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1397            if offset and not limit:
    1398                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1399            return super().select_sql(expression)
    1400
    1401        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
    1402            is_materialized = expression.find(exp.MaterializedProperty)
    1403            copy_grants_property = expression.find(exp.CopyGrantsProperty)
    1404
    1405            if expression.kind == "VIEW" and is_materialized and copy_grants_property:
    1406                # For materialized views, COPY GRANTS is located *before* the columns list
    1407                # This is in contrast to normal views where COPY GRANTS is located *after* the columns list
    1408                # We default CopyGrantsProperty to POST_SCHEMA which means we need to output it POST_NAME if a materialized view is detected
    1409                # ref: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-materialized-view#syntax
    1410                # ref: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-view#syntax
    1411                post_schema_properties = locations[exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA]
    1412                post_schema_properties.pop(post_schema_properties.index(copy_grants_property))
    1413
    1414                this_name = self.sql(expression.this, "this")
    1415                copy_grants = self.sql(copy_grants_property)
    1416                this_schema = self.schema_columns_sql(expression.this)
    1417                this_schema = f"{self.sep()}{this_schema}" if this_schema else ""
    1418
    1419                return f"{this_name}{self.sep()}{copy_grants}{this_schema}"
    1420
    1421            return super().createable_sql(expression, locations)
    1422
    1423        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    1424            this = expression.this
    1425
    1426            # If an ORDER BY clause is present, we need to remove it from ARRAY_AGG
    1427            # and add it later as part of the WITHIN GROUP clause
    1428            order = this if isinstance(this, exp.Order) else None
    1429            if order:
    1430                expression.set("this", order.this.pop())
    1431
    1432            expr_sql = super().arrayagg_sql(expression)
    1433
    1434            if order:
    1435                expr_sql = self.sql(exp.WithinGroup(this=expr_sql, expression=order))
    1436
    1437            return expr_sql
    1438
    1439        def array_sql(self, expression: exp.Array) -> str:
    1440            expressions = expression.expressions
    1441
    1442            first_expr = seq_get(expressions, 0)
    1443            if isinstance(first_expr, exp.Select):
    1444                # SELECT AS STRUCT foo AS alias_foo -> ARRAY_AGG(OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('alias_foo', foo))
    1445                if first_expr.text("kind").upper() == "STRUCT":
    1446                    object_construct_args = []
    1447                    for expr in first_expr.expressions:
    1448                        # Alias case: SELECT AS STRUCT foo AS alias_foo -> OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('alias_foo', foo)
    1449                        # Column case: SELECT AS STRUCT foo -> OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('foo', foo)
    1450                        name = expr.this if isinstance(expr, exp.Alias) else expr
    1451
    1452                        object_construct_args.extend([exp.Literal.string(expr.alias_or_name), name])
    1453
    1454                    array_agg = exp.ArrayAgg(
    1455                        this=_build_object_construct(args=object_construct_args)
    1456                    )
    1457
    1458                    first_expr.set("kind", None)
    1459                    first_expr.set("expressions", [array_agg])
    1460
    1461                    return self.sql(first_expr.subquery())
    1462
    1463            return inline_array_sql(self, expression)

class Snowflake(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

     337class Snowflake(Dialect):
     338    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
     339    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
     340    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
     341    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
     342    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     343    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     344    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
     345    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
     346    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
     347    ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS = None
     348
     349    TIME_MAPPING = {
     350        "YYYY": "%Y",
     351        "yyyy": "%Y",
     352        "YY": "%y",
     353        "yy": "%y",
     354        "MMMM": "%B",
     355        "mmmm": "%B",
     356        "MON": "%b",
     357        "mon": "%b",
     358        "MM": "%m",
     359        "mm": "%m",
     360        "DD": "%d",
     361        "dd": "%-d",
     362        "DY": "%a",
     363        "dy": "%w",
     364        "HH24": "%H",
     365        "hh24": "%H",
     366        "HH12": "%I",
     367        "hh12": "%I",
     368        "MI": "%M",
     369        "mi": "%M",
     370        "SS": "%S",
     371        "ss": "%S",
     372        "FF6": "%f",
     373        "ff6": "%f",
     374    }
     375
     376    DATE_PART_MAPPING = {
     377        **Dialect.DATE_PART_MAPPING,
     378        "ISOWEEK": "WEEKISO",
     379    }
     380
     381    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
     382        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
     383        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
     384        if (
     385            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     386            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
     387            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
     388        ):
     389            return expression  # type: ignore
     390
     391        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
     392
     393    class JSONPathTokenizer(jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer):
     394        SINGLE_TOKENS = jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS.copy()
     395        SINGLE_TOKENS.pop("$")
     396
     397    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     398        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
     399        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
     400        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
     401
     402        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
     403            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
     404            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     405        }
     406
     407        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
     408        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
     409
     410        COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS = ID_VAR_TOKENS | {TokenType.NUMBER}
     411
     412        FUNCTIONS = {
     413            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     414            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
     415            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
     416            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
     417                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
     418            ),
     419            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
     420                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
     421                start=seq_get(args, 0),
     422                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
     423                step=seq_get(args, 2),
     424            ),
     425            "BITXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     426            "BIT_XOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     427            "BITOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     428            "BIT_OR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     429            "BITSHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BITSHIFTLEFT"),
     430            "BIT_SHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BIT_SHIFTLEFT"),
     431            "BITSHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
     432            "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT"),
     433            "BOOLXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.Xor, "BOOLXOR"),
     434            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     435            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
     436            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     437            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     438            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
     439            "EDITDISTANCE": lambda args: exp.Levenshtein(
     440                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), max_dist=seq_get(args, 2)
     441            ),
     442            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
     443            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
     444                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
     445            ),
     446            "HEX_DECODE_BINARY": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
     447            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
     448            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
     449                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
     450            ),
     451            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     452            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     453            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
     454            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
     455            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     456            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
     457            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
     458            "REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     459            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     460            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     461            "TABLE": lambda args: exp.TableFromRows(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
     462            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
     463            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     464            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     465            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
     466            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     467            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     468            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     469            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     470            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
     471            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
     472            "TRY_TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME, safe=True),
     473            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
     474                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
     475            ),
     476            "TO_CHAR": build_timetostr_or_tochar,
     477            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     478            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
     479                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     480                format=seq_get(args, 1),
     481                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
     482                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
     483            ),
     484            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
     485            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     486            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
     487            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     488            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
     489            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
     490            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
     491        }
     492
     493        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     494            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     495            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
     496            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
     497            "LISTAGG": lambda self: self._parse_string_agg(),
     498        }
     499        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     500
     501        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
     502
     503        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     504            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     505            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
     506            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
     507        }
     508
     509        ALTER_PARSERS = {
     510            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
     511            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
     512                exp.Set,
     513                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
     514                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     515                unset=True,
     516            ),
     517        }
     518
     519        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     520            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     521            TokenType.GET: lambda self: self._parse_get(),
     522            TokenType.PUT: lambda self: self._parse_put(),
     523            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
     524        }
     525
     526        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     527            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     528            "CREDENTIALS": lambda self: self._parse_credentials_property(),
     529            "FILE_FORMAT": lambda self: self._parse_file_format_property(),
     530            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
     531            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_tag(),
     532            "USING": lambda self: self._match_text_seq("TEMPLATE")
     533            and self.expression(exp.UsingTemplateProperty, this=self._parse_statement()),
     534        }
     535
     536        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
     537            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
     538            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
     539        }
     540
     541        SHOW_PARSERS = {
     542            "DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     543            "TERSE DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     544            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     545            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     546            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     547            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     548            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     549            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     550            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     551            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     552            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     553            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     554            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     555            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     556            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     557            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     558            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     559            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     560            "STAGES": _show_parser("STAGES"),
     561            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
     562            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     563            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     564            "FILE FORMATS": _show_parser("FILE FORMATS"),
     565            "FUNCTIONS": _show_parser("FUNCTIONS"),
     566            "PROCEDURES": _show_parser("PROCEDURES"),
     567            "WAREHOUSES": _show_parser("WAREHOUSES"),
     568        }
     569
     570        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     571            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     572            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     573            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     574            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     575            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     576        }
     577
     578        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     579            TokenType.DOT,
     580            TokenType.MOD,
     581            TokenType.SLASH,
     582        }
     583
     584        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
     585
     586        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
     587
     588        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
     589
     590        LAMBDAS = {
     591            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
     592            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
     593                exp.Lambda,
     594                this=self._replace_lambda(
     595                    self._parse_assignment(),
     596                    expressions,
     597                ),
     598                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
     599            ),
     600        }
     601
     602        def _parse_use(self) -> exp.Use:
     603            if self._match_text_seq("SECONDARY", "ROLES"):
     604                this = self._match_texts(("ALL", "NONE")) and exp.var(self._prev.text.upper())
     605                roles = None if this else self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_table(schema=False))
     606                return self.expression(
     607                    exp.Use, kind="SECONDARY ROLES", this=this, expressions=roles
     608                )
     609
     610            return super()._parse_use()
     611
     612        def _negate_range(
     613            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     614        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     615            if not this:
     616                return this
     617
     618            query = this.args.get("query")
     619            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
     620                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
     621                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
     622                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
     623                #
     624                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
     625                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
     626                return self.expression(
     627                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
     628                )
     629
     630            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
     631
     632        def _parse_tag(self) -> exp.Tags:
     633            return self.expression(
     634                exp.Tags,
     635                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
     636            )
     637
     638        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     639            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
     640                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
     641
     642            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
     643                policy = self._parse_column()
     644                return self.expression(
     645                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
     646                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     647                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
     648                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     649                )
     650            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
     651                policy = self._parse_column()
     652                return self.expression(
     653                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
     654                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     655                )
     656            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     657                return self._parse_tag()
     658
     659            return None
     660
     661        def _parse_with_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression] | t.List[exp.Expression]:
     662            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     663                return self._parse_tag()
     664
     665            return super()._parse_with_property()
     666
     667        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     668            expression = super()._parse_create()
     669            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
     670                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
     671                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
     672
     673            return expression
     674
     675        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
     676        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
     677        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     678            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
     679
     680            if not this:
     681                return None
     682
     683            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     684            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
     685            this = map_date_part(this)
     686            name = this.name.upper()
     687
     688            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
     689                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
     690                    scale = 10**3
     691                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
     692                    scale = 10**6
     693                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
     694                    scale = 10**9
     695                else:
     696                    scale = None
     697
     698                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
     699                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
     700
     701                if scale:
     702                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
     703
     704                return to_unix
     705
     706            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
     707
     708        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     709            if is_map:
     710                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
     711                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
     712                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
     713                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
     714
     715            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
     716
     717        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
     718            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
     719            if not lateral:
     720                return lateral
     721
     722            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
     723                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
     724                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
     725                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
     726                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
     727                elif not table_alias:
     728                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
     729
     730            return lateral
     731
     732        def _parse_table_parts(
     733            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     734        ) -> exp.Table:
     735            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
     736            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
     737                table = self._parse_string()
     738            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
     739                table = self._parse_location_path()
     740            else:
     741                table = None
     742
     743            if table:
     744                file_format = None
     745                pattern = None
     746
     747                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     748                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
     749                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
     750                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
     751                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
     752                        )
     753                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
     754                        pattern = self._parse_string()
     755                    else:
     756                        break
     757
     758                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     759
     760                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
     761            else:
     762                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
     763
     764            return table
     765
     766        def _parse_table(
     767            self,
     768            schema: bool = False,
     769            joins: bool = False,
     770            alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     771            parse_bracket: bool = False,
     772            is_db_reference: bool = False,
     773            parse_partition: bool = False,
     774        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     775            table = super()._parse_table(
     776                schema=schema,
     777                joins=joins,
     778                alias_tokens=alias_tokens,
     779                parse_bracket=parse_bracket,
     780                is_db_reference=is_db_reference,
     781                parse_partition=parse_partition,
     782            )
     783            if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and isinstance(table.this, exp.TableFromRows):
     784                table_from_rows = table.this
     785                for arg in exp.TableFromRows.arg_types:
     786                    if arg != "this":
     787                        table_from_rows.set(arg, table.args.get(arg))
     788
     789                table = table_from_rows
     790
     791            return table
     792
     793        def _parse_id_var(
     794            self,
     795            any_token: bool = True,
     796            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     797        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     798            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
     799                identifier = (
     800                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     801                    or self._parse_string()
     802                )
     803                self._match_r_paren()
     804                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
     805
     806            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     807
     808        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
     809            scope = None
     810            scope_kind = None
     811
     812            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
     813            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
     814            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
     815
     816            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
     817
     818            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
     819
     820            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
     821                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
     822                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
     823                elif self._match_text_seq("CLASS"):
     824                    scope_kind = "CLASS"
     825                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     826                elif self._match_text_seq("APPLICATION"):
     827                    scope_kind = "APPLICATION"
     828                    if self._match_text_seq("PACKAGE"):
     829                        scope_kind += " PACKAGE"
     830                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     831                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
     832                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
     833                    if self._curr:
     834                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     835                elif self._curr:
     836                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
     837                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     838
     839            return self.expression(
     840                exp.Show,
     841                **{
     842                    "terse": terse,
     843                    "this": this,
     844                    "history": history,
     845                    "like": like,
     846                    "scope": scope,
     847                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
     848                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
     849                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
     850                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
     851                    "privileges": self._match_text_seq("WITH", "PRIVILEGES")
     852                    and self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_var(any_token=True, upper=True)),
     853                },
     854            )
     855
     856        def _parse_put(self) -> exp.Put | exp.Command:
     857            if self._curr.token_type != TokenType.STRING:
     858                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
     859
     860            return self.expression(
     861                exp.Put,
     862                this=self._parse_string(),
     863                target=self._parse_location_path(),
     864                properties=self._parse_properties(),
     865            )
     866
     867        def _parse_get(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     868            start = self._prev
     869
     870            # If we detect GET( then we need to parse a function, not a statement
     871            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN):
     872                self._retreat(self._index - 2)
     873                return self._parse_expression()
     874
     875            target = self._parse_location_path()
     876
     877            # Parse as command if unquoted file path
     878            if self._curr.token_type == TokenType.URI_START:
     879                return self._parse_as_command(start)
     880
     881            return self.expression(
     882                exp.Get,
     883                this=self._parse_string(),
     884                target=target,
     885                properties=self._parse_properties(),
     886            )
     887
     888        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
     889            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     890            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
     891
     892        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     893            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
     894            return (
     895                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
     896                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
     897                else self._parse_table_parts()
     898            )
     899
     900        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
     901            start = self._curr
     902            self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
     903
     904            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
     905            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
     906            # in case of subqueries
     907            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     908                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
     909            ):
     910                self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
     911
     912            return exp.var(self._find_sql(start, self._prev))
     913
     914        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     915            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
     916
     917            if not this:
     918                return this
     919
     920            typ = self._parse_types()
     921
     922            if typ:
     923                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
     924
     925            return this
     926
     927        def _parse_foreign_key(self) -> exp.ForeignKey:
     928            # inlineFK, the REFERENCES columns are implied
     929            if self._match(TokenType.REFERENCES, advance=False):
     930                return self.expression(exp.ForeignKey)
     931
     932            # outoflineFK, explicitly names the columns
     933            return super()._parse_foreign_key()
     934
     935        def _parse_file_format_property(self) -> exp.FileFormatProperty:
     936            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     937            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
     938                expressions = self._parse_wrapped_options()
     939            else:
     940                expressions = [self._parse_format_name()]
     941
     942            return self.expression(
     943                exp.FileFormatProperty,
     944                expressions=expressions,
     945            )
     946
     947        def _parse_credentials_property(self) -> exp.CredentialsProperty:
     948            return self.expression(
     949                exp.CredentialsProperty,
     950                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_options(),
     951            )
     952
     953    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     954        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
     955        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
     956        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
     957        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
     958        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
     959
     960        KEYWORDS = {
     961            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     962            "FILE://": TokenType.URI_START,
     963            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     964            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     965            "FILE FORMAT": TokenType.FILE_FORMAT,
     966            "GET": TokenType.GET,
     967            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
     968            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
     969            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     970            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
     971            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     972            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     973            "PUT": TokenType.PUT,
     974            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     975            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     976            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     977            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     978            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     979            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
     980            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
     981            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     982            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     983            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
     984            "STAGE": TokenType.STAGE,
     985            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
     986        }
     987        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     988
     989        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     990            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
     991            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     992        }
     993
     994        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
     995
     996        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
     997
     998    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     999        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
    1000        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
    1001        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
    1002        JOIN_HINTS = False
    1003        TABLE_HINTS = False
    1004        QUERY_HINTS = False
    1005        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
    1006        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
    1007        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
    1008        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    1009        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
    1010        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
    1011        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    1012        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
    1013        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
    1014        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
    1015        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
    1016        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
    1017        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
    1018        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    1019        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
    1020        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "ARRAY_SIZE"
    1021
    1022        TRANSFORMS = {
    1023            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    1024            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
    1025            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    1026            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    1027            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
    1028            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
    1029            exp.ArrayIntersect: rename_func("ARRAY_INTERSECTION"),
    1030            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1031                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
    1032            ),
    1033            exp.BitwiseOr: rename_func("BITOR"),
    1034            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
    1035            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTLEFT"),
    1036            exp.BitwiseRightShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
    1037            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
    1038            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
    1039            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1040            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1041            exp.DatetimeDiff: timestampdiff_sql,
    1042            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    1043            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
    1044            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
    1045            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAYOFWEEKISO"),
    1046            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
    1047            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
    1048            exp.Extract: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1049                "DATE_PART", map_date_part(e.this, self.dialect), e.expression
    1050            ),
    1051            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    1052            e: f"FILE_FORMAT=({self.expressions(e, 'expressions', sep=' ')})",
    1053            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1054                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
    1055            ),
    1056            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1057                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
    1058            ),
    1059            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(self, e, sep=""),
    1060            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
    1061            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1062            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1063                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
    1064            ),
    1065            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
    1066            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
    1067            exp.JSONValueArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1068            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost")(
    1069                rename_func("EDITDISTANCE")
    1070            ),
    1071            exp.LocationProperty: lambda self, e: f"LOCATION={self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1072            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
    1073            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
    1074            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1075            exp.MakeInterval: no_make_interval_sql,
    1076            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    1077            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    1078            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1079                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
    1080            ),
    1081            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1082            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
    1083                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1084            ),
    1085            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
    1086                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1087            ),
    1088            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_pivot_columns]),
    1089            exp.RegexpExtract: _regexpextract_sql,
    1090            exp.RegexpExtractAll: _regexpextract_sql,
    1091            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
    1092            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
    1093            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    1094                [
    1095                    transforms.eliminate_window_clause,
    1096                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    1097                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(),
    1098                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1099                    _transform_generate_date_array,
    1100                ]
    1101            ),
    1102            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1103            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1104            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
    1105            exp.EndsWith: rename_func("ENDSWITH"),
    1106            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    1107                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
    1108            ),
    1109            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    1110            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
    1111            exp.StPoint: rename_func("ST_MAKEPOINT"),
    1112            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
    1113            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    1114            exp.TimestampAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1115            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1116                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
    1117            ),
    1118            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    1119            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1120            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    1121            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
    1122            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
    1123            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
    1124            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1125            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1126            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1127                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1128            ),
    1129            exp.TsOrDsToTime: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1130                "TRY_TO_TIME" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_TIME", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1131            ),
    1132            exp.Unhex: rename_func("HEX_DECODE_BINARY"),
    1133            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
    1134            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
    1135            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1136            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    1137            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
    1138        }
    1139
    1140        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1141            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1142            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1143            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1144        }
    1145
    1146        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1147            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1148            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
    1149            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
    1150            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "DOUBLE",
    1151        }
    1152
    1153        TOKEN_MAPPING = {
    1154            TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: "AUTOINCREMENT",
    1155        }
    1156
    1157        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1158            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1159            exp.CredentialsProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1160            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1161            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    1162            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1163            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1164        }
    1165
    1166        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
    1167            exp.Map,
    1168            exp.StarMap,
    1169            exp.Struct,
    1170            exp.VarMap,
    1171        }
    1172
    1173        RESPECT_IGNORE_NULLS_UNSUPPORTED_EXPRESSIONS = (exp.ArrayAgg,)
    1174
    1175        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1176            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
    1177
    1178        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1179            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1180                values_as_table = False
    1181
    1182            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
    1183
    1184        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1185            expressions = expression.expressions
    1186            if (
    1187                expressions
    1188                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1189                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1190            ):
    1191                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1192                return "OBJECT"
    1193
    1194            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    1195
    1196        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1197            return self.func(
    1198                "TO_NUMBER",
    1199                expression.this,
    1200                expression.args.get("format"),
    1201                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1202                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1203            )
    1204
    1205        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1206            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1207            if milli is not None:
    1208                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1209                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1210
    1211            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
    1212
    1213        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1214            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1215                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1216            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1217                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1218
    1219            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
    1220
    1221        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1222            value = expression.this
    1223
    1224            if value.type is None:
    1225                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1226
    1227                value = annotate_types(value, dialect=self.dialect)
    1228
    1229            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1230                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1231
    1232            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1233            return self.cast_sql(expression)
    1234
    1235        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1236            if not expression.expression:
    1237                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1238
    1239            return super().log_sql(expression)
    1240
    1241        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1242            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1243            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1244
    1245            unnest_alias_columns = unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else []
    1246            value = seq_get(unnest_alias_columns, 0) or exp.to_identifier("value")
    1247
    1248            columns = [
    1249                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1250                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1251                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1252                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1253                value,
    1254                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1255            ]
    1256
    1257            if unnest_alias:
    1258                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1259            else:
    1260                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1261
    1262            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1263            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1264                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1265
    1266            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1267            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1268            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1269            value = "" if isinstance(expression.parent, (exp.From, exp.Join)) else f"{value} FROM "
    1270
    1271            return f"{value}{explode}{alias}"
    1272
    1273        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1274            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1275            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1276            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1277            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1278
    1279            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1280            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1281
    1282            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1283            if scope_kind:
    1284                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1285
    1286            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1287            if starts_with:
    1288                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1289
    1290            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1291
    1292            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1293            if from_:
    1294                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1295
    1296            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1297            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1298
    1299            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"
    1300
    1301        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1302            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1303            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1304            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1305            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1306            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1307            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1308            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1309
    1310        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1311            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1312        ) -> str:
    1313            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1314            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1315            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1316            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1317            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1318
    1319        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1320            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1321
    1322        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1323            keys = []
    1324            values = []
    1325
    1326            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1327                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1328                    keys.append(
    1329                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1330                    )
    1331                    values.append(e.expression)
    1332                else:
    1333                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1334                    values.append(e)
    1335
    1336            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1337
    1338        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1339        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1340            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1341
    1342        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1343            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1344            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1345            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1346            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1347            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1348            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1349            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1350            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1351
    1352            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1353
    1354        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1355            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1356            return self.func(
    1357                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1358            )
    1359
    1360        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1361            return self.sql(
    1362                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1363                    this=expression.this,
    1364                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1365                    unit=expression.unit,
    1366                )
    1367            )
    1368
    1369        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1370            this = expression.this
    1371
    1372            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1373            return self.func(
    1374                "GET_PATH",
    1375                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1376                expression.expression,
    1377            )
    1378
    1379        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1380            this = expression.this
    1381            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1382                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1383
    1384            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))
    1385
    1386        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1387            value = expression.expression
    1388            if value:
    1389                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1390            else:
    1391                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1392
    1393            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)
    1394
    1395        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1396            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1397            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1398            if offset and not limit:
    1399                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1400            return super().select_sql(expression)
    1401
    1402        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
    1403            is_materialized = expression.find(exp.MaterializedProperty)
    1404            copy_grants_property = expression.find(exp.CopyGrantsProperty)
    1405
    1406            if expression.kind == "VIEW" and is_materialized and copy_grants_property:
    1407                # For materialized views, COPY GRANTS is located *before* the columns list
    1408                # This is in contrast to normal views where COPY GRANTS is located *after* the columns list
    1409                # We default CopyGrantsProperty to POST_SCHEMA which means we need to output it POST_NAME if a materialized view is detected
    1410                # ref: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-materialized-view#syntax
    1411                # ref: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-view#syntax
    1412                post_schema_properties = locations[exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA]
    1413                post_schema_properties.pop(post_schema_properties.index(copy_grants_property))
    1414
    1415                this_name = self.sql(expression.this, "this")
    1416                copy_grants = self.sql(copy_grants_property)
    1417                this_schema = self.schema_columns_sql(expression.this)
    1418                this_schema = f"{self.sep()}{this_schema}" if this_schema else ""
    1419
    1420                return f"{this_name}{self.sep()}{copy_grants}{this_schema}"
    1421
    1422            return super().createable_sql(expression, locations)
    1423
    1424        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    1425            this = expression.this
    1426
    1427            # If an ORDER BY clause is present, we need to remove it from ARRAY_AGG
    1428            # and add it later as part of the WITHIN GROUP clause
    1429            order = this if isinstance(this, exp.Order) else None
    1430            if order:
    1431                expression.set("this", order.this.pop())
    1432
    1433            expr_sql = super().arrayagg_sql(expression)
    1434
    1435            if order:
    1436                expr_sql = self.sql(exp.WithinGroup(this=expr_sql, expression=order))
    1437
    1438            return expr_sql
    1439
    1440        def array_sql(self, expression: exp.Array) -> str:
    1441            expressions = expression.expressions
    1442
    1443            first_expr = seq_get(expressions, 0)
    1444            if isinstance(first_expr, exp.Select):
    1445                # SELECT AS STRUCT foo AS alias_foo -> ARRAY_AGG(OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('alias_foo', foo))
    1446                if first_expr.text("kind").upper() == "STRUCT":
    1447                    object_construct_args = []
    1448                    for expr in first_expr.expressions:
    1449                        # Alias case: SELECT AS STRUCT foo AS alias_foo -> OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('alias_foo', foo)
    1450                        # Column case: SELECT AS STRUCT foo -> OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('foo', foo)
    1451                        name = expr.this if isinstance(expr, exp.Alias) else expr
    1452
    1453                        object_construct_args.extend([exp.Literal.string(expr.alias_or_name), name])
    1454
    1455                    array_agg = exp.ArrayAgg(
    1456                        this=_build_object_construct(args=object_construct_args)
    1457                    )
    1458
    1459                    first_expr.set("kind", None)
    1460                    first_expr.set("expressions", [array_agg])
    1461
    1462                    return self.sql(first_expr.subquery())
    1463
    1464            return inline_array_sql(self, expression)

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE: 'UPPERCASE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

NULL_ORDERING = 'nulls_are_large'

Default `NULL` ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Possible values: `"nulls_are_small"`, `"nulls_are_large"`, `"nulls_are_last"`

TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False

Whether user-defined data types are supported.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether `SEMI` or `ANTI` joins are supported.

PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True

Some dialects, such as Snowflake, allow you to reference a CTE column alias in the HAVING clause of the CTE. This flag will cause the CTE alias columns to override any projection aliases in the subquery.

For example, WITH y(c) AS ( SELECT SUM(a) FROM (SELECT 1 a) AS x HAVING c > 0 ) SELECT c FROM y;

    will be rewritten as

    WITH y(c) AS (
        SELECT SUM(a) AS c FROM (SELECT 1 AS a) AS x HAVING c > 0
    ) SELECT c FROM y;

TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True

Whether a size in the table sample clause represents percentage.

COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False

Whether COPY statement parameters are separated by comma or whitespace

ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS: Optional[bool] = None

Whether ArrayAgg needs to filter NULL values.

TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'YYYY': '%Y', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'yy': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'mmmm': '%B', 'MON': '%b', 'mon': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'mm': '%m', 'DD': '%d', 'dd': '%-d', 'DY': '%a', 'dy': '%w', 'HH24': '%H', 'hh24': '%H', 'HH12': '%I', 'hh12': '%I', 'MI': '%M', 'mi': '%M', 'SS': '%S', 'ss': '%S', 'FF6': '%f', 'ff6': '%f'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

DATE_PART_MAPPING = {'Y': 'YEAR', 'YY': 'YEAR', 'YYY': 'YEAR', 'YYYY': 'YEAR', 'YR': 'YEAR', 'YEARS': 'YEAR', 'YRS': 'YEAR', 'MM': 'MONTH', 'MON': 'MONTH', 'MONS': 'MONTH', 'MONTHS': 'MONTH', 'D': 'DAY', 'DD': 'DAY', 'DAYS': 'DAY', 'DAYOFMONTH': 'DAY', 'DAY OF WEEK': 'DAYOFWEEK', 'WEEKDAY': 'DAYOFWEEK', 'DOW': 'DAYOFWEEK', 'DW': 'DAYOFWEEK', 'WEEKDAY_ISO': 'DAYOFWEEKISO', 'DOW_ISO': 'DAYOFWEEKISO', 'DW_ISO': 'DAYOFWEEKISO', 'DAY OF YEAR': 'DAYOFYEAR', 'DOY': 'DAYOFYEAR', 'DY': 'DAYOFYEAR', 'W': 'WEEK', 'WK': 'WEEK', 'WEEKOFYEAR': 'WEEK', 'WOY': 'WEEK', 'WY': 'WEEK', 'WEEK_ISO': 'WEEKISO', 'WEEKOFYEARISO': 'WEEKISO', 'WEEKOFYEAR_ISO': 'WEEKISO', 'Q': 'QUARTER', 'QTR': 'QUARTER', 'QTRS': 'QUARTER', 'QUARTERS': 'QUARTER', 'H': 'HOUR', 'HH': 'HOUR', 'HR': 'HOUR', 'HOURS': 'HOUR', 'HRS': 'HOUR', 'M': 'MINUTE', 'MI': 'MINUTE', 'MIN': 'MINUTE', 'MINUTES': 'MINUTE', 'MINS': 'MINUTE', 'S': 'SECOND', 'SEC': 'SECOND', 'SECONDS': 'SECOND', 'SECS': 'SECOND', 'MS': 'MILLISECOND', 'MSEC': 'MILLISECOND', 'MSECS': 'MILLISECOND', 'MSECOND': 'MILLISECOND', 'MSECONDS': 'MILLISECOND', 'MILLISEC': 'MILLISECOND', 'MILLISECS': 'MILLISECOND', 'MILLISECON': 'MILLISECOND', 'MILLISECONDS': 'MILLISECOND', 'US': 'MICROSECOND', 'USEC': 'MICROSECOND', 'USECS': 'MICROSECOND', 'MICROSEC': 'MICROSECOND', 'MICROSECS': 'MICROSECOND', 'USECOND': 'MICROSECOND', 'USECONDS': 'MICROSECOND', 'MICROSECONDS': 'MICROSECOND', 'NS': 'NANOSECOND', 'NSEC': 'NANOSECOND', 'NANOSEC': 'NANOSECOND', 'NSECOND': 'NANOSECOND', 'NSECONDS': 'NANOSECOND', 'NANOSECS': 'NANOSECOND', 'EPOCH_SECOND': 'EPOCH', 'EPOCH_SECONDS': 'EPOCH', 'EPOCH_MILLISECONDS': 'EPOCH_MILLISECOND', 'EPOCH_MICROSECONDS': 'EPOCH_MICROSECOND', 'EPOCH_NANOSECONDS': 'EPOCH_NANOSECOND', 'TZH': 'TIMEZONE_HOUR', 'TZM': 'TIMEZONE_MINUTE', 'DEC': 'DECADE', 'DECS': 'DECADE', 'DECADES': 'DECADE', 'MIL': 'MILLENIUM', 'MILS': 'MILLENIUM', 'MILLENIA': 'MILLENIUM', 'C': 'CENTURY', 'CENT': 'CENTURY', 'CENTS': 'CENTURY', 'CENTURIES': 'CENTURY', 'ISOWEEK': 'WEEKISO'}
def quote_identifier(self, expression: ~E, identify: bool = True) -> ~E: View Source

    381    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
    382        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
    383        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
    384        if (
    385            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
    386            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
    387            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
    388        ):
    389            return expression  # type: ignore
    390
    391        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)

Adds quotes to a given identifier.

###### Arguments:

- expression: The expression of interest. If it's not an `Identifier`, this method is a no-op.
- identify: If set to `False`, the quotes will only be added if the identifier is deemed "unsafe", with respect to its characters and this dialect's normalization strategy.

SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\\a': '\x07', '\\b': '\x08', '\\f': '\x0c', '\\n': '\n', '\\r': '\r', '\\t': '\t', '\\v': '\x0b', '\\\\': '\\'}

Mapping of an escaped sequence (`\n`) to its unescaped version (`` ).

tokenizer_class = <class 'Snowflake.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'Snowflake.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Snowflake.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Snowflake.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {'6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {'6': {0: True}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {'6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {'6': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'mmmm', '%b': 'mon', '%m': 'mm', '%d': 'DD', '%-d': 'dd', '%a': 'DY', '%w': 'dy', '%H': 'hh24', '%I': 'hh12', '%M': 'mi', '%S': 'ss', '%f': 'ff6'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, '-': {'d': {0: True}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\x07': '\\a', '\x08': '\\b', '\x0c': '\\f', '\n': '\\n', '\r': '\\r', '\t': '\\t', '\x0b': '\\v', '\\': '\\\\'}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '"'
IDENTIFIER_END = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = "x'"
HEX_END: Optional[str] = "'"
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None
class Snowflake.JSONPathTokenizer(sqlglot.jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer): View Source

    393    class JSONPathTokenizer(jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer):
    394        SINGLE_TOKENS = jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS.copy()
    395        SINGLE_TOKENS.pop("$")

SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, "'": <TokenType.QUOTE: 'QUOTE'>, '"': <TokenType.QUOTE: 'QUOTE'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEX_STRINGS
  RAW_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  QUOTES
  VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  NESTED_COMMENTS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMANDS
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  COMMENTS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens
sqlglot.jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer
  KEYWORDS
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  STRING_ESCAPES

class Snowflake.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    397    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    398        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
    399        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
    400        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
    401
    402        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
    403            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
    404            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
    405        }
    406
    407        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
    408        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
    409
    410        COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS = ID_VAR_TOKENS | {TokenType.NUMBER}
    411
    412        FUNCTIONS = {
    413            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    414            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    415            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
    416            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
    417                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
    418            ),
    419            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
    420                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
    421                start=seq_get(args, 0),
    422                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
    423                step=seq_get(args, 2),
    424            ),
    425            "BITXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
    426            "BIT_XOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
    427            "BITOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
    428            "BIT_OR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
    429            "BITSHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BITSHIFTLEFT"),
    430            "BIT_SHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BIT_SHIFTLEFT"),
    431            "BITSHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
    432            "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT"),
    433            "BOOLXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.Xor, "BOOLXOR"),
    434            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
    435            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
    436            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
    437            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
    438            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
    439            "EDITDISTANCE": lambda args: exp.Levenshtein(
    440                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), max_dist=seq_get(args, 2)
    441            ),
    442            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
    443            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
    444                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
    445            ),
    446            "HEX_DECODE_BINARY": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    447            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
    448            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
    449                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
    450            ),
    451            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
    452            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
    453            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
    454            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
    455            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    456            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
    457            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    458            "REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    459            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
    460            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
    461            "TABLE": lambda args: exp.TableFromRows(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    462            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
    463            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
    464            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
    465            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
    466            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    467            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    468            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    469            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    470            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
    471            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
    472            "TRY_TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME, safe=True),
    473            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
    474                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
    475            ),
    476            "TO_CHAR": build_timetostr_or_tochar,
    477            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
    478            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
    479                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    480                format=seq_get(args, 1),
    481                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
    482                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
    483            ),
    484            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
    485            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
    486            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
    487            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
    488            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
    489            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
    490            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
    491        }
    492
    493        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    494            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    495            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
    496            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
    497            "LISTAGG": lambda self: self._parse_string_agg(),
    498        }
    499        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    500
    501        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
    502
    503        RANGE_PARSERS = {
    504            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
    505            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
    506            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
    507        }
    508
    509        ALTER_PARSERS = {
    510            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
    511            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
    512                exp.Set,
    513                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
    514                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
    515                unset=True,
    516            ),
    517        }
    518
    519        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
    520            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
    521            TokenType.GET: lambda self: self._parse_get(),
    522            TokenType.PUT: lambda self: self._parse_put(),
    523            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
    524        }
    525
    526        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    527            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    528            "CREDENTIALS": lambda self: self._parse_credentials_property(),
    529            "FILE_FORMAT": lambda self: self._parse_file_format_property(),
    530            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
    531            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_tag(),
    532            "USING": lambda self: self._match_text_seq("TEMPLATE")
    533            and self.expression(exp.UsingTemplateProperty, this=self._parse_statement()),
    534        }
    535
    536        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
    537            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
    538            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
    539        }
    540
    541        SHOW_PARSERS = {
    542            "DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
    543            "TERSE DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
    544            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
    545            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
    546            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
    547            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
    548            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
    549            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
    550            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
    551            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
    552            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
    553            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
    554            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
    555            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
    556            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
    557            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
    558            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
    559            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
    560            "STAGES": _show_parser("STAGES"),
    561            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
    562            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
    563            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
    564            "FILE FORMATS": _show_parser("FILE FORMATS"),
    565            "FUNCTIONS": _show_parser("FUNCTIONS"),
    566            "PROCEDURES": _show_parser("PROCEDURES"),
    567            "WAREHOUSES": _show_parser("WAREHOUSES"),
    568        }
    569
    570        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
    571            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
    572            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    573            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    574            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    575            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    576        }
    577
    578        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    579            TokenType.DOT,
    580            TokenType.MOD,
    581            TokenType.SLASH,
    582        }
    583
    584        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
    585
    586        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
    587
    588        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
    589
    590        LAMBDAS = {
    591            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
    592            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
    593                exp.Lambda,
    594                this=self._replace_lambda(
    595                    self._parse_assignment(),
    596                    expressions,
    597                ),
    598                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
    599            ),
    600        }
    601
    602        def _parse_use(self) -> exp.Use:
    603            if self._match_text_seq("SECONDARY", "ROLES"):
    604                this = self._match_texts(("ALL", "NONE")) and exp.var(self._prev.text.upper())
    605                roles = None if this else self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_table(schema=False))
    606                return self.expression(
    607                    exp.Use, kind="SECONDARY ROLES", this=this, expressions=roles
    608                )
    609
    610            return super()._parse_use()
    611
    612        def _negate_range(
    613            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
    614        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    615            if not this:
    616                return this
    617
    618            query = this.args.get("query")
    619            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
    620                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
    621                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
    622                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
    623                #
    624                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
    625                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
    626                return self.expression(
    627                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
    628                )
    629
    630            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
    631
    632        def _parse_tag(self) -> exp.Tags:
    633            return self.expression(
    634                exp.Tags,
    635                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
    636            )
    637
    638        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    639            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
    640                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
    641
    642            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
    643                policy = self._parse_column()
    644                return self.expression(
    645                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
    646                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
    647                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
    648                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
    649                )
    650            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
    651                policy = self._parse_column()
    652                return self.expression(
    653                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
    654                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
    655                )
    656            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
    657                return self._parse_tag()
    658
    659            return None
    660
    661        def _parse_with_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression] | t.List[exp.Expression]:
    662            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
    663                return self._parse_tag()
    664
    665            return super()._parse_with_property()
    666
    667        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
    668            expression = super()._parse_create()
    669            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
    670                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
    671                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
    672
    673            return expression
    674
    675        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
    676        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
    677        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    678            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
    679
    680            if not this:
    681                return None
    682
    683            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    684            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
    685            this = map_date_part(this)
    686            name = this.name.upper()
    687
    688            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
    689                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
    690                    scale = 10**3
    691                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
    692                    scale = 10**6
    693                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
    694                    scale = 10**9
    695                else:
    696                    scale = None
    697
    698                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
    699                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
    700
    701                if scale:
    702                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
    703
    704                return to_unix
    705
    706            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
    707
    708        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    709            if is_map:
    710                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
    711                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
    712                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
    713                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
    714
    715            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
    716
    717        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
    718            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
    719            if not lateral:
    720                return lateral
    721
    722            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
    723                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
    724                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
    725                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
    726                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
    727                elif not table_alias:
    728                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
    729
    730            return lateral
    731
    732        def _parse_table_parts(
    733            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
    734        ) -> exp.Table:
    735            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
    736            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
    737                table = self._parse_string()
    738            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
    739                table = self._parse_location_path()
    740            else:
    741                table = None
    742
    743            if table:
    744                file_format = None
    745                pattern = None
    746
    747                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
    748                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
    749                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
    750                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
    751                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
    752                        )
    753                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
    754                        pattern = self._parse_string()
    755                    else:
    756                        break
    757
    758                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    759
    760                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
    761            else:
    762                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
    763
    764            return table
    765
    766        def _parse_table(
    767            self,
    768            schema: bool = False,
    769            joins: bool = False,
    770            alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
    771            parse_bracket: bool = False,
    772            is_db_reference: bool = False,
    773            parse_partition: bool = False,
    774        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    775            table = super()._parse_table(
    776                schema=schema,
    777                joins=joins,
    778                alias_tokens=alias_tokens,
    779                parse_bracket=parse_bracket,
    780                is_db_reference=is_db_reference,
    781                parse_partition=parse_partition,
    782            )
    783            if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and isinstance(table.this, exp.TableFromRows):
    784                table_from_rows = table.this
    785                for arg in exp.TableFromRows.arg_types:
    786                    if arg != "this":
    787                        table_from_rows.set(arg, table.args.get(arg))
    788
    789                table = table_from_rows
    790
    791            return table
    792
    793        def _parse_id_var(
    794            self,
    795            any_token: bool = True,
    796            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
    797        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    798            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
    799                identifier = (
    800                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    801                    or self._parse_string()
    802                )
    803                self._match_r_paren()
    804                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
    805
    806            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    807
    808        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
    809            scope = None
    810            scope_kind = None
    811
    812            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
    813            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
    814            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
    815
    816            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
    817
    818            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
    819
    820            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
    821                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
    822                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
    823                elif self._match_text_seq("CLASS"):
    824                    scope_kind = "CLASS"
    825                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    826                elif self._match_text_seq("APPLICATION"):
    827                    scope_kind = "APPLICATION"
    828                    if self._match_text_seq("PACKAGE"):
    829                        scope_kind += " PACKAGE"
    830                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    831                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
    832                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
    833                    if self._curr:
    834                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    835                elif self._curr:
    836                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
    837                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    838
    839            return self.expression(
    840                exp.Show,
    841                **{
    842                    "terse": terse,
    843                    "this": this,
    844                    "history": history,
    845                    "like": like,
    846                    "scope": scope,
    847                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
    848                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
    849                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
    850                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
    851                    "privileges": self._match_text_seq("WITH", "PRIVILEGES")
    852                    and self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_var(any_token=True, upper=True)),
    853                },
    854            )
    855
    856        def _parse_put(self) -> exp.Put | exp.Command:
    857            if self._curr.token_type != TokenType.STRING:
    858                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
    859
    860            return self.expression(
    861                exp.Put,
    862                this=self._parse_string(),
    863                target=self._parse_location_path(),
    864                properties=self._parse_properties(),
    865            )
    866
    867        def _parse_get(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    868            start = self._prev
    869
    870            # If we detect GET( then we need to parse a function, not a statement
    871            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN):
    872                self._retreat(self._index - 2)
    873                return self._parse_expression()
    874
    875            target = self._parse_location_path()
    876
    877            # Parse as command if unquoted file path
    878            if self._curr.token_type == TokenType.URI_START:
    879                return self._parse_as_command(start)
    880
    881            return self.expression(
    882                exp.Get,
    883                this=self._parse_string(),
    884                target=target,
    885                properties=self._parse_properties(),
    886            )
    887
    888        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
    889            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
    890            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
    891
    892        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    893            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
    894            return (
    895                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
    896                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
    897                else self._parse_table_parts()
    898            )
    899
    900        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
    901            start = self._curr
    902            self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
    903
    904            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
    905            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
    906            # in case of subqueries
    907            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
    908                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
    909            ):
    910                self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
    911
    912            return exp.var(self._find_sql(start, self._prev))
    913
    914        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    915            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
    916
    917            if not this:
    918                return this
    919
    920            typ = self._parse_types()
    921
    922            if typ:
    923                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
    924
    925            return this
    926
    927        def _parse_foreign_key(self) -> exp.ForeignKey:
    928            # inlineFK, the REFERENCES columns are implied
    929            if self._match(TokenType.REFERENCES, advance=False):
    930                return self.expression(exp.ForeignKey)
    931
    932            # outoflineFK, explicitly names the columns
    933            return super()._parse_foreign_key()
    934
    935        def _parse_file_format_property(self) -> exp.FileFormatProperty:
    936            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
    937            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
    938                expressions = self._parse_wrapped_options()
    939            else:
    940                expressions = [self._parse_format_name()]
    941
    942            return self.expression(
    943                exp.FileFormatProperty,
    944                expressions=expressions,
    945            )
    946
    947        def _parse_credentials_property(self) -> exp.CredentialsProperty:
    948            return self.expression(
    949                exp.CredentialsProperty,
    950                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_options(),
    951            )

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = 'BERNOULLI'
COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>}
COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS = {<TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.NUMBER: 'NUMBER'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>}
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcatAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_INTERSECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayIntersect'>>, 'ARRAY_INTERSECTION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayIntersect'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_REMOVE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayRemove'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Contains'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CONVERT_TO_CHARSET': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConvertToCharset'>>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>>, 'DATE_BIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateBin'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function _date_trunc_to_time>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK_ISO': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'ISODOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'ENDS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EndsWith'>>, 'ENDSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EndsWith'>>, 'EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exists'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXPLODING_GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodingGenerateSeries'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FEATURES_AT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FeaturesAtTime'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'FROM_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromISO8601Timestamp'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'INLINE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Inline'>>, 'INT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>>, 'IS_ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExists'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONCast'>>, 'J_S_O_N_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExists'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'J_S_O_N_VALUE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEN': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'CHARACTER_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAKE_INTERVAL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MEDIAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Median'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NORMALIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Normalize'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OBJECT_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ObjectInsert'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>>, 'OVERLAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlay'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <function _build_regexp_replace>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SPLIT_PART': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'ST_DISTANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StDistance'>>, 'ST_POINT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StPoint'>>, 'ST_MAKEPOINT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StPoint'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRTOK_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <function build_timetostr_or_tochar>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNICODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_SECONDS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLElement'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRPOS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'CHARINDEX': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'LOCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'APPROX_PERCENTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BITXOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_XOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BITOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_OR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BITSHIFTLEFT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_SHIFTLEFT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BITSHIFTRIGHT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_SHIFTRIGHT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BOOLXOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'DATEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'DIV0': <function _build_if_from_div0>, 'EDITDISTANCE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'GET_PATH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEX_DECODE_BINARY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'IFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'NULLIFZERO': <function _build_if_from_nullifzero>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT': <function _build_object_construct>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'RLIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'SQUARE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TABLE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMPADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TRY_PARSE_JSON': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TRY_TO_TIME': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIME': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_VARCHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'ZEROIFNULL': <function _build_if_from_zeroifnull>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'ARG_MAX': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARGMAX': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'MAX_BY': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARG_MIN': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARGMIN': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'MIN_BY': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CEIL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FLOOR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NORMALIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OVERLAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_PART': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LISTAGG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
TIMESTAMPS = {<TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>}
RANGE_PARSERS = {<TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>}
ALTER_PARSERS = {'ADD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALTER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DELETE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DROP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RENAME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SWAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNSET': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS = {<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALLOWED_VALUES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BACKUP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARSET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONTAINS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATA_DELETION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTRIBUTED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DUPLICATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DYNAMIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EMPTY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENVIRONMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOBAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ICEBERG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INHERITS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MODIFIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OUTPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'READS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REMOTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STREAMING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAMPLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHARING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSTEM_VERSIONING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNLOGGED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CREDENTIALS': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'FILE_FORMAT': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TAG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
TYPE_CONVERTERS = {<Type.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>: <function build_default_decimal_type.<locals>._builder>}
SHOW_PARSERS = {'DATABASES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE DATABASES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'STAGES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'COLUMNS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'FILE FORMATS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'FUNCTIONS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'PROCEDURES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'WAREHOUSES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>}
CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {'AUTOINCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASESPECIFIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMPRESS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NONCLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFAULT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENCODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EPHEMERAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXCLUDE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IDENTITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INLINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PATH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PERIOD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REFERENCES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TITLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNIQUE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPERCASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WATERMARK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BUCKET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRUNCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MASKING': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'PROJECTION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TAG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>}
FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ['SEQ', 'KEY', 'PATH', 'INDEX', 'VALUE', 'THIS']
SCHEMA_KINDS = {'IMPORTED KEYS', 'UNIQUE KEYS', 'TABLES', 'SEQUENCES', 'VIEWS', 'OBJECTS'}
NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {'STORAGE INTEGRATION', 'WAREHOUSE', 'STREAMLIT', 'TAG'}
LAMBDAS = {<TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {'DATABASES': {0: True}, 'TERSE': {'DATABASES': {0: True}, 'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}}, 'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'STAGES': {0: True}, 'COLUMNS': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}, 'FILE': {'FORMATS': {0: True}}, 'FUNCTIONS': {0: True}, 'PROCEDURES': {0: True}, 'WAREHOUSES': {0: True}}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ALTERABLES
  ALIAS_TOKENS
  ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  ASSIGNMENT
  DISJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  PIPE_SYNTAX_TRANSFORM_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
  PROCEDURE_OPTIONS
  EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
  KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
  WINDOW_EXCLUDE_OPTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  NULL_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
  IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
  ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
  ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
  PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  DESCRIBE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  PARTITION_KEYWORDS
  AMBIGUOUS_ALIAS_TOKENS
  OPERATION_MODIFIERS
  RECURSIVE_CTE_SEARCH_KIND
  MODIFIABLES
  STRICT_CAST
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  STRING_ALIASES
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN
  SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  WRAPPED_TRANSFORM_COLUMN_CONSTRAINT
  OPTIONAL_ALIAS_TOKEN_CTE
  ALTER_RENAME_REQUIRES_COLUMN
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  parse_set_operation
  errors
  sql

class Snowflake.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    953    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    954        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
    955        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    956        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
    957        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
    958        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
    959
    960        KEYWORDS = {
    961            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    962            "FILE://": TokenType.URI_START,
    963            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
    964            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    965            "FILE FORMAT": TokenType.FILE_FORMAT,
    966            "GET": TokenType.GET,
    967            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
    968            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
    969            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
    970            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    971            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    972            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    973            "PUT": TokenType.PUT,
    974            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    975            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
    976            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
    977            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
    978            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    979            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
    980            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
    981            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
    982            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
    983            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
    984            "STAGE": TokenType.STAGE,
    985            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
    986        }
    987        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    988
    989        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    990            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
    991            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
    992        }
    993
    994        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
    995
    996        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}

STRING_ESCAPES = ['\\', "'"]
HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
RAW_STRINGS = ['$$']
COMMENTS = ['--', '//', ('/*', '*/')]
NESTED_COMMENTS = False
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '|>': <TokenType.PIPE_GT: 'PIPE_GT'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NAMESPACE': <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT256': <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'UINT128': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'UINT256': <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FILE://': <TokenType.URI_START: 'URI_START'>, 'BYTEINT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'EXCLUDE': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'FILE FORMAT': <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, 'GET': <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, 'ILIKE ANY': <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>, 'LIKE ANY': <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>, 'MATCH_CONDITION': <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'MINUS': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'NCHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'PUT': <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, 'REMOVE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'RM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'SAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'SQL_DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'SQL_VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'STORAGE INTEGRATION': <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, 'TAG': <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, 'TIMESTAMP_TZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TOP': <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, 'WAREHOUSE': <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, 'STAGE': <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, 'STREAMLIT': <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>}
SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, '{': <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>, '}': <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>, '&': <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>, '^': <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '=': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '>': <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>, '<': <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>, '%': <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, '!': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, '|': <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>, '+': <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>, ';': <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>, '/': <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, '\\': <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>, '~': <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, '#': <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>, "'": <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '`': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '"': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '$': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>}
VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {'$'}
COMMANDS = {<TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  QUOTES
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class Snowflake.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

     998    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     999        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
    1000        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
    1001        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
    1002        JOIN_HINTS = False
    1003        TABLE_HINTS = False
    1004        QUERY_HINTS = False
    1005        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
    1006        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
    1007        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
    1008        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    1009        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
    1010        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
    1011        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    1012        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
    1013        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
    1014        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
    1015        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
    1016        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
    1017        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
    1018        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    1019        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
    1020        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "ARRAY_SIZE"
    1021
    1022        TRANSFORMS = {
    1023            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    1024            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
    1025            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    1026            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    1027            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
    1028            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
    1029            exp.ArrayIntersect: rename_func("ARRAY_INTERSECTION"),
    1030            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1031                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
    1032            ),
    1033            exp.BitwiseOr: rename_func("BITOR"),
    1034            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
    1035            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTLEFT"),
    1036            exp.BitwiseRightShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
    1037            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
    1038            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
    1039            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1040            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1041            exp.DatetimeDiff: timestampdiff_sql,
    1042            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    1043            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
    1044            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
    1045            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAYOFWEEKISO"),
    1046            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
    1047            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
    1048            exp.Extract: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1049                "DATE_PART", map_date_part(e.this, self.dialect), e.expression
    1050            ),
    1051            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    1052            e: f"FILE_FORMAT=({self.expressions(e, 'expressions', sep=' ')})",
    1053            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1054                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
    1055            ),
    1056            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1057                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
    1058            ),
    1059            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(self, e, sep=""),
    1060            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
    1061            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1062            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1063                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
    1064            ),
    1065            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
    1066            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
    1067            exp.JSONValueArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1068            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost")(
    1069                rename_func("EDITDISTANCE")
    1070            ),
    1071            exp.LocationProperty: lambda self, e: f"LOCATION={self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1072            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
    1073            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
    1074            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1075            exp.MakeInterval: no_make_interval_sql,
    1076            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    1077            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    1078            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1079                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
    1080            ),
    1081            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1082            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
    1083                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1084            ),
    1085            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
    1086                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1087            ),
    1088            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_pivot_columns]),
    1089            exp.RegexpExtract: _regexpextract_sql,
    1090            exp.RegexpExtractAll: _regexpextract_sql,
    1091            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
    1092            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
    1093            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    1094                [
    1095                    transforms.eliminate_window_clause,
    1096                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    1097                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(),
    1098                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1099                    _transform_generate_date_array,
    1100                ]
    1101            ),
    1102            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1103            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1104            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
    1105            exp.EndsWith: rename_func("ENDSWITH"),
    1106            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    1107                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
    1108            ),
    1109            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    1110            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
    1111            exp.StPoint: rename_func("ST_MAKEPOINT"),
    1112            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
    1113            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    1114            exp.TimestampAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1115            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1116                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
    1117            ),
    1118            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    1119            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1120            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    1121            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
    1122            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
    1123            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
    1124            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1125            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1126            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1127                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1128            ),
    1129            exp.TsOrDsToTime: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1130                "TRY_TO_TIME" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_TIME", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1131            ),
    1132            exp.Unhex: rename_func("HEX_DECODE_BINARY"),
    1133            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
    1134            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
    1135            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1136            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    1137            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
    1138        }
    1139
    1140        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1141            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1142            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1143            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1144        }
    1145
    1146        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1147            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1148            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
    1149            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
    1150            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "DOUBLE",
    1151        }
    1152
    1153        TOKEN_MAPPING = {
    1154            TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: "AUTOINCREMENT",
    1155        }
    1156
    1157        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1158            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1159            exp.CredentialsProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1160            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1161            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    1162            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1163            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1164        }
    1165
    1166        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
    1167            exp.Map,
    1168            exp.StarMap,
    1169            exp.Struct,
    1170            exp.VarMap,
    1171        }
    1172
    1173        RESPECT_IGNORE_NULLS_UNSUPPORTED_EXPRESSIONS = (exp.ArrayAgg,)
    1174
    1175        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1176            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
    1177
    1178        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1179            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1180                values_as_table = False
    1181
    1182            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
    1183
    1184        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1185            expressions = expression.expressions
    1186            if (
    1187                expressions
    1188                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1189                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1190            ):
    1191                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1192                return "OBJECT"
    1193
    1194            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    1195
    1196        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1197            return self.func(
    1198                "TO_NUMBER",
    1199                expression.this,
    1200                expression.args.get("format"),
    1201                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1202                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1203            )
    1204
    1205        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1206            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1207            if milli is not None:
    1208                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1209                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1210
    1211            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
    1212
    1213        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1214            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1215                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1216            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1217                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1218
    1219            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
    1220
    1221        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1222            value = expression.this
    1223
    1224            if value.type is None:
    1225                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1226
    1227                value = annotate_types(value, dialect=self.dialect)
    1228
    1229            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1230                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1231
    1232            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1233            return self.cast_sql(expression)
    1234
    1235        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1236            if not expression.expression:
    1237                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1238
    1239            return super().log_sql(expression)
    1240
    1241        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1242            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1243            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1244
    1245            unnest_alias_columns = unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else []
    1246            value = seq_get(unnest_alias_columns, 0) or exp.to_identifier("value")
    1247
    1248            columns = [
    1249                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1250                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1251                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1252                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1253                value,
    1254                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1255            ]
    1256
    1257            if unnest_alias:
    1258                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1259            else:
    1260                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1261
    1262            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1263            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1264                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1265
    1266            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1267            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1268            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1269            value = "" if isinstance(expression.parent, (exp.From, exp.Join)) else f"{value} FROM "
    1270
    1271            return f"{value}{explode}{alias}"
    1272
    1273        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1274            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1275            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1276            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1277            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1278
    1279            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1280            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1281
    1282            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1283            if scope_kind:
    1284                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1285
    1286            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1287            if starts_with:
    1288                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1289
    1290            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1291
    1292            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1293            if from_:
    1294                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1295
    1296            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1297            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1298
    1299            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"
    1300
    1301        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1302            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1303            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1304            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1305            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1306            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1307            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1308            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1309
    1310        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1311            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1312        ) -> str:
    1313            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1314            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1315            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1316            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1317            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1318
    1319        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1320            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1321
    1322        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1323            keys = []
    1324            values = []
    1325
    1326            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1327                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1328                    keys.append(
    1329                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1330                    )
    1331                    values.append(e.expression)
    1332                else:
    1333                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1334                    values.append(e)
    1335
    1336            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1337
    1338        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1339        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1340            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1341
    1342        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1343            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1344            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1345            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1346            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1347            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1348            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1349            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1350            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1351
    1352            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1353
    1354        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1355            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1356            return self.func(
    1357                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1358            )
    1359
    1360        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1361            return self.sql(
    1362                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1363                    this=expression.this,
    1364                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1365                    unit=expression.unit,
    1366                )
    1367            )
    1368
    1369        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1370            this = expression.this
    1371
    1372            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1373            return self.func(
    1374                "GET_PATH",
    1375                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1376                expression.expression,
    1377            )
    1378
    1379        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1380            this = expression.this
    1381            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1382                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1383
    1384            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))
    1385
    1386        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1387            value = expression.expression
    1388            if value:
    1389                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1390            else:
    1391                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1392
    1393            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)
    1394
    1395        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1396            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1397            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1398            if offset and not limit:
    1399                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1400            return super().select_sql(expression)
    1401
    1402        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
    1403            is_materialized = expression.find(exp.MaterializedProperty)
    1404            copy_grants_property = expression.find(exp.CopyGrantsProperty)
    1405
    1406            if expression.kind == "VIEW" and is_materialized and copy_grants_property:
    1407                # For materialized views, COPY GRANTS is located *before* the columns list
    1408                # This is in contrast to normal views where COPY GRANTS is located *after* the columns list
    1409                # We default CopyGrantsProperty to POST_SCHEMA which means we need to output it POST_NAME if a materialized view is detected
    1410                # ref: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-materialized-view#syntax
    1411                # ref: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-view#syntax
    1412                post_schema_properties = locations[exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA]
    1413                post_schema_properties.pop(post_schema_properties.index(copy_grants_property))
    1414
    1415                this_name = self.sql(expression.this, "this")
    1416                copy_grants = self.sql(copy_grants_property)
    1417                this_schema = self.schema_columns_sql(expression.this)
    1418                this_schema = f"{self.sep()}{this_schema}" if this_schema else ""
    1419
    1420                return f"{this_name}{self.sep()}{copy_grants}{this_schema}"
    1421
    1422            return super().createable_sql(expression, locations)
    1423
    1424        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    1425            this = expression.this
    1426
    1427            # If an ORDER BY clause is present, we need to remove it from ARRAY_AGG
    1428            # and add it later as part of the WITHIN GROUP clause
    1429            order = this if isinstance(this, exp.Order) else None
    1430            if order:
    1431                expression.set("this", order.this.pop())
    1432
    1433            expr_sql = super().arrayagg_sql(expression)
    1434
    1435            if order:
    1436                expr_sql = self.sql(exp.WithinGroup(this=expr_sql, expression=order))
    1437
    1438            return expr_sql
    1439
    1440        def array_sql(self, expression: exp.Array) -> str:
    1441            expressions = expression.expressions
    1442
    1443            first_expr = seq_get(expressions, 0)
    1444            if isinstance(first_expr, exp.Select):
    1445                # SELECT AS STRUCT foo AS alias_foo -> ARRAY_AGG(OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('alias_foo', foo))
    1446                if first_expr.text("kind").upper() == "STRUCT":
    1447                    object_construct_args = []
    1448                    for expr in first_expr.expressions:
    1449                        # Alias case: SELECT AS STRUCT foo AS alias_foo -> OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('alias_foo', foo)
    1450                        # Column case: SELECT AS STRUCT foo -> OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('foo', foo)
    1451                        name = expr.this if isinstance(expr, exp.Alias) else expr
    1452
    1453                        object_construct_args.extend([exp.Literal.string(expr.alias_or_name), name])
    1454
    1455                    array_agg = exp.ArrayAgg(
    1456                        this=_build_object_construct(args=object_construct_args)
    1457                    )
    1458
    1459                    first_expr.set("kind", None)
    1460                    first_expr.set("expressions", [array_agg])
    1461
    1462                    return self.sql(first_expr.subquery())
    1463
    1464            return inline_array_sql(self, expression)

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

PARAMETER_TOKEN = '$'
MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ','
INSERT_OVERWRITE = ' OVERWRITE INTO'
STRUCT_DELIMITER = ('(', ')')
COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
STAR_EXCEPT = 'EXCLUDE'
SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = 'ARRAY_SIZE'
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeColumns'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeWith'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConvertToCharset'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CredentialsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EnviromentProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Get'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByBucket'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionByTruncate'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Put'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingData'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayIntersect'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>: <function timestampdiff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>: <function _json_extract_value_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>: <function _json_extract_value_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>: <function no_make_interval_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function _regexpextract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtractAll'>: <function _regexpextract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function _regexpilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EndsWith'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StPoint'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function no_timestamp_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql.<locals>._timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.BLOB: 'BLOB'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.NESTED: 'NESTED'>: 'OBJECT', <Type.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>: 'OBJECT', <Type.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>: 'DOUBLE'}
TOKEN_MAPPING = {<TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>: 'AUTOINCREMENT'}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EnviromentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IncludeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StorageHandlerProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CredentialsProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>}
UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>}
RESPECT_IGNORE_NULLS_UNSUPPORTED_EXPRESSIONS = (<class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>,)
def with_properties(self, properties: sqlglot.expressions.Properties) -> str: View Source

    1175        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1176            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")

def values_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str: View Source

    1178        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1179            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1180                values_as_table = False
    1181
    1182            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)

def datatype_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DataType) -> str: View Source

    1184        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1185            expressions = expression.expressions
    1186            if (
    1187                expressions
    1188                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1189                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1190            ):
    1191                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1192                return "OBJECT"
    1193
    1194            return super().datatype_sql(expression)

def tonumber_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber) -> str: View Source

    1196        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1197            return self.func(
    1198                "TO_NUMBER",
    1199                expression.this,
    1200                expression.args.get("format"),
    1201                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1202                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1203            )

def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts) -> str: View Source

    1205        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1206            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1207            if milli is not None:
    1208                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1209                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1210
    1211            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)

def cast_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cast, safe_prefix: Optional[str] = None) -> str: View Source

    1213        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1214            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1215                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1216            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1217                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1218
    1219            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)

def trycast_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TryCast) -> str: View Source

    1221        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1222            value = expression.this
    1223
    1224            if value.type is None:
    1225                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1226
    1227                value = annotate_types(value, dialect=self.dialect)
    1228
    1229            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1230                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1231
    1232            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1233            return self.cast_sql(expression)

def log_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Log) -> str: View Source

    1235        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1236            if not expression.expression:
    1237                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1238
    1239            return super().log_sql(expression)

def unnest_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Unnest) -> str: View Source

    1241        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1242            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1243            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1244
    1245            unnest_alias_columns = unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else []
    1246            value = seq_get(unnest_alias_columns, 0) or exp.to_identifier("value")
    1247
    1248            columns = [
    1249                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1250                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1251                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1252                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1253                value,
    1254                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1255            ]
    1256
    1257            if unnest_alias:
    1258                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1259            else:
    1260                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1261
    1262            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1263            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1264                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1265
    1266            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1267            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1268            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1269            value = "" if isinstance(expression.parent, (exp.From, exp.Join)) else f"{value} FROM "
    1270
    1271            return f"{value}{explode}{alias}"

def show_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Show) -> str: View Source

    1273        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1274            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1275            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1276            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1277            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1278
    1279            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1280            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1281
    1282            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1283            if scope_kind:
    1284                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1285
    1286            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1287            if starts_with:
    1288                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1289
    1290            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1291
    1292            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1293            if from_:
    1294                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1295
    1296            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1297            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1298
    1299            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"

def describe_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Describe) -> str: View Source

    1301        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1302            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1303            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1304            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1305            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1306            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1307            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1308            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"

def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint) -> str: View Source

    1310        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1311            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1312        ) -> str:
    1313            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1314            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1315            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1316            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1317            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"

def cluster_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cluster) -> str: View Source

    1319        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1320            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"

def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str: View Source

    1322        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1323            keys = []
    1324            values = []
    1325
    1326            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1327                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1328                    keys.append(
    1329                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1330                    )
    1331                    values.append(e.expression)
    1332                else:
    1333                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1334                    values.append(e)
    1335
    1336            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))

@unsupported_args('weight', 'accuracy')
def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile) -> str: View Source

    1338        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1339        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1340            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))

def alterset_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.AlterSet) -> str: View Source

    1342        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1343            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1344            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1345            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1346            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1347            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1348            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1349            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1350            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1351
    1352            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"

def strtotime_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime): View Source

    1354        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1355            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1356            return self.func(
    1357                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1358            )

def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub): View Source

    1360        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1361            return self.sql(
    1362                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1363                    this=expression.this,
    1364                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1365                    unit=expression.unit,
    1366                )
    1367            )

def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract): View Source

    1369        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1370            this = expression.this
    1371
    1372            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1373            return self.func(
    1374                "GET_PATH",
    1375                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1376                expression.expression,
    1377            )

def timetostr_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr) -> str: View Source

    1379        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1380            this = expression.this
    1381            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1382                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1383
    1384            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))

def datesub_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DateSub) -> str: View Source

    1386        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1387            value = expression.expression
    1388            if value:
    1389                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1390            else:
    1391                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1392
    1393            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)

def select_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Select) -> str: View Source

    1395        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1396            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1397            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1398            if offset and not limit:
    1399                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1400            return super().select_sql(expression)

def createable_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Create, locations: DefaultDict) -> str: View Source

    1402        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
    1403            is_materialized = expression.find(exp.MaterializedProperty)
    1404            copy_grants_property = expression.find(exp.CopyGrantsProperty)
    1405
    1406            if expression.kind == "VIEW" and is_materialized and copy_grants_property:
    1407                # For materialized views, COPY GRANTS is located *before* the columns list
    1408                # This is in contrast to normal views where COPY GRANTS is located *after* the columns list
    1409                # We default CopyGrantsProperty to POST_SCHEMA which means we need to output it POST_NAME if a materialized view is detected
    1410                # ref: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-materialized-view#syntax
    1411                # ref: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-view#syntax
    1412                post_schema_properties = locations[exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA]
    1413                post_schema_properties.pop(post_schema_properties.index(copy_grants_property))
    1414
    1415                this_name = self.sql(expression.this, "this")
    1416                copy_grants = self.sql(copy_grants_property)
    1417                this_schema = self.schema_columns_sql(expression.this)
    1418                this_schema = f"{self.sep()}{this_schema}" if this_schema else ""
    1419
    1420                return f"{this_name}{self.sep()}{copy_grants}{this_schema}"
    1421
    1422            return super().createable_sql(expression, locations)

def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg) -> str: View Source

    1424        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    1425            this = expression.this
    1426
    1427            # If an ORDER BY clause is present, we need to remove it from ARRAY_AGG
    1428            # and add it later as part of the WITHIN GROUP clause
    1429            order = this if isinstance(this, exp.Order) else None
    1430            if order:
    1431                expression.set("this", order.this.pop())
    1432
    1433            expr_sql = super().arrayagg_sql(expression)
    1434
    1435            if order:
    1436                expr_sql = self.sql(exp.WithinGroup(this=expr_sql, expression=order))
    1437
    1438            return expr_sql

def array_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Array) -> str: View Source

    1440        def array_sql(self, expression: exp.Array) -> str:
    1441            expressions = expression.expressions
    1442
    1443            first_expr = seq_get(expressions, 0)
    1444            if isinstance(first_expr, exp.Select):
    1445                # SELECT AS STRUCT foo AS alias_foo -> ARRAY_AGG(OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('alias_foo', foo))
    1446                if first_expr.text("kind").upper() == "STRUCT":
    1447                    object_construct_args = []
    1448                    for expr in first_expr.expressions:
    1449                        # Alias case: SELECT AS STRUCT foo AS alias_foo -> OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('alias_foo', foo)
    1450                        # Column case: SELECT AS STRUCT foo -> OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('foo', foo)
    1451                        name = expr.this if isinstance(expr, exp.Alias) else expr
    1452
    1453                        object_construct_args.extend([exp.Literal.string(expr.alias_or_name), name])
    1454
    1455                    array_agg = exp.ArrayAgg(
    1456                        this=_build_object_construct(args=object_construct_args)
    1457                    )
    1458
    1459                    first_expr.set("kind", None)
    1460                    first_expr.set("expressions", [array_agg])
    1461
    1462                    return self.sql(first_expr.subquery())
    1463
    1464            return inline_array_sql(self, expression)

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
TRY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE = False
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
  IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
  LIMIT_FETCH
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  INDEX_ON
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  LIMIT_IS_TOP
  RETURNING_END
  EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
  TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
  NVL2_SUPPORTED
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
  UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
  TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  ENSURE_BOOLS
  CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT
  LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
  UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
  SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
  MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
  JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
  CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
  SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER
  SUPPORTS_WINDOW_EXCLUDE
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  HEX_FUNC
  WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
  QUOTE_JSON_PATH
  PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS
  ALTER_SET_WRAPPED
  PARSE_JSON_NAME
  ALTER_SET_TYPE
  ARRAY_SIZE_DIM_REQUIRED
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
  EXPRESSION_PRECEDES_PROPERTIES_CREATABLES
  RESERVED_KEYWORDS
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  sanitize_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_parts
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  create_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  drop_sql
  set_operation
  set_operations
  fetch_sql
  limitoptions_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  partitionboundspec_sql
  partitionedofproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  withsystemversioningproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  introducer_sql
  kill_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  objectidentifier_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  historicaldata_sql
  table_parts
  table_sql
  tablefromrows_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  version_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  groupingsets_sql
  rollup_sql
  cube_sql
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  having_sql
  connect_sql
  prior_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_op
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  escape_str
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  withfill_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognizemeasure_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  options_modifier
  for_modifiers
  queryoption_sql
  offset_limit_modifiers
  after_limit_modifiers
  schema_sql
  schema_columns_sql
  star_sql
  parameter_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
  subquery_sql
  qualify_sql
  prewhere_sql
  where_sql
  window_sql
  partition_by_sql
  windowspec_sql
  withingroup_sql
  between_sql
  bracket_offset_expressions
  bracket_sql
  all_sql
  any_sql
  exists_sql
  case_sql
  constraint_sql
  nextvaluefor_sql
  extract_sql
  trim_sql
  convert_concat_args
  concat_sql
  concatws_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
  primarykey_sql
  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonpath_sql
  json_path_part
  formatjson_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  jsonobjectagg_sql
  jsonarray_sql
  jsonarrayagg_sql
  jsoncolumndef_sql
  jsonschema_sql
  jsontable_sql
  openjsoncolumndef_sql
  openjson_sql
  in_sql
  in_unnest_op
  interval_sql
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
  pivotalias_sql
  aliases_sql
  atindex_sql
  attimezone_sql
  fromtimezone_sql
  add_sql
  and_sql
  or_sql
  xor_sql
  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
  bitwiseleftshift_sql
  bitwisenot_sql
  bitwiseor_sql
  bitwiserightshift_sql
  bitwisexor_sql
  currentdate_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  mergetreettlaction_sql
  mergetreettl_sql
  transaction_sql
  commit_sql
  rollback_sql
  altercolumn_sql
  alterindex_sql
  alterdiststyle_sql
  altersortkey_sql
  alterrename_sql
  renamecolumn_sql
  alter_sql
  add_column_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  addpartition_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  havingmax_sql
  intdiv_sql
  dpipe_sql
  div_sql
  safedivide_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  eq_sql
  propertyeq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  ilike_sql
  ilikeany_sql
  is_sql
  like_sql
  likeany_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
  lte_sql
  mod_sql
  mul_sql
  neq_sql
  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  slice_sql
  sub_sql
  jsoncast_sql
  try_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  ceil_floor
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  too_wide
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  tag_sql
  token_sql
  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  whens_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql
  dictproperty_sql
  dictrange_sql
  dictsubproperty_sql
  duplicatekeyproperty_sql
  uniquekeyproperty_sql
  distributedbyproperty_sql
  oncluster_sql
  clusteredbyproperty_sql
  anyvalue_sql
  querytransform_sql
  indexconstraintoption_sql
  checkcolumnconstraint_sql
  indexcolumnconstraint_sql
  nvl2_sql
  comprehension_sql
  columnprefix_sql
  opclass_sql
  predict_sql
  forin_sql
  refresh_sql
  toarray_sql
  tsordstotime_sql
  tsordstotimestamp_sql
  tsordstodatetime_sql
  tsordstodate_sql
  unixdate_sql
  lastday_sql
  dateadd_sql
  arrayany_sql
  partitionrange_sql
  truncatetable_sql
  convert_sql
  copyparameter_sql
  credentials_sql
  copy_sql
  semicolon_sql
  datadeletionproperty_sql
  maskingpolicycolumnconstraint_sql
  gapfill_sql
  scope_resolution
  scoperesolution_sql
  parsejson_sql
  rand_sql
  changes_sql
  pad_sql
  summarize_sql
  explodinggenerateseries_sql
  arrayconcat_sql
  converttimezone_sql
  json_sql
  jsonvalue_sql
  conditionalinsert_sql
  multitableinserts_sql
  oncondition_sql
  jsonextractquote_sql
  jsonexists_sql
  apply_sql
  grant_sql
  grantprivilege_sql
  grantprincipal_sql
  columns_sql
  overlay_sql
  todouble_sql
  string_sql
  median_sql
  overflowtruncatebehavior_sql
  unixseconds_sql
  arraysize_sql
  attach_sql
  detach_sql
  attachoption_sql
  featuresattime_sql
  watermarkcolumnconstraint_sql
  encodeproperty_sql
  includeproperty_sql
  xmlelement_sql
  xmlkeyvalueoption_sql
  partitionbyrangeproperty_sql
  partitionbyrangepropertydynamic_sql
  unpivotcolumns_sql
  analyzesample_sql
  analyzestatistics_sql
  analyzehistogram_sql
  analyzedelete_sql
  analyzelistchainedrows_sql
  analyzevalidate_sql
  analyze_sql
  xmltable_sql
  xmlnamespace_sql
  export_sql
  declare_sql
  declareitem_sql
  recursivewithsearch_sql
  parameterizedagg_sql
  anonymousaggfunc_sql
  combinedaggfunc_sql
  combinedparameterizedagg_sql
  get_put_sql
  translatecharacters_sql