sqlglot.dialects.hive API documentation

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# sqlglot.dialects.hive

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      1from __future__ import annotations
      2
      3import typing as t
      4from functools import partial
      5
      6from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
      7from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
      8    DATE_ADD_OR_SUB,
      9    Dialect,
     10    NormalizationStrategy,
     11    approx_count_distinct_sql,
     12    arg_max_or_min_no_count,
     13    datestrtodate_sql,
     14    build_formatted_time,
     15    if_sql,
     16    is_parse_json,
     17    left_to_substring_sql,
     18    max_or_greatest,
     19    min_or_least,
     20    no_ilike_sql,
     21    no_recursive_cte_sql,
     22    no_trycast_sql,
     23    regexp_extract_sql,
     24    regexp_replace_sql,
     25    rename_func,
     26    right_to_substring_sql,
     27    strposition_sql,
     28    struct_extract_sql,
     29    time_format,
     30    timestrtotime_sql,
     31    unit_to_str,
     32    var_map_sql,
     33    sequence_sql,
     34    property_sql,
     35    build_regexp_extract,
     36)
     37from sqlglot.transforms import (
     38    remove_unique_constraints,
     39    ctas_with_tmp_tables_to_create_tmp_view,
     40    preprocess,
     41    move_schema_columns_to_partitioned_by,
     42)
     43from sqlglot.helper import seq_get
     44from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
     45from sqlglot.generator import unsupported_args
     46
     47# (FuncType, Multiplier)
     48DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL = {
     49    "YEAR": ("ADD_MONTHS", 12),
     50    "MONTH": ("ADD_MONTHS", 1),
     51    "QUARTER": ("ADD_MONTHS", 3),
     52    "WEEK": ("DATE_ADD", 7),
     53    "DAY": ("DATE_ADD", 1),
     54}
     55
     56TIME_DIFF_FACTOR = {
     57    "MILLISECOND": " * 1000",
     58    "SECOND": "",
     59    "MINUTE": " / 60",
     60    "HOUR": " / 3600",
     61}
     62
     63DIFF_MONTH_SWITCH = ("YEAR", "QUARTER", "MONTH")
     64
     65TS_OR_DS_EXPRESSIONS = (
     66    exp.DateDiff,
     67    exp.Day,
     68    exp.Month,
     69    exp.Year,
     70)
     71
     72
     73def _add_date_sql(self: Hive.Generator, expression: DATE_ADD_OR_SUB) -> str:
     74    if isinstance(expression, exp.TsOrDsAdd) and not expression.unit:
     75        return self.func("DATE_ADD", expression.this, expression.expression)
     76
     77    unit = expression.text("unit").upper()
     78    func, multiplier = DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL.get(unit, ("DATE_ADD", 1))
     79
     80    if isinstance(expression, exp.DateSub):
     81        multiplier *= -1
     82
     83    increment = expression.expression
     84    if isinstance(increment, exp.Literal):
     85        value = increment.to_py() if increment.is_number else int(increment.name)
     86        increment = exp.Literal.number(value * multiplier)
     87    elif multiplier != 1:
     88        increment *= exp.Literal.number(multiplier)
     89
     90    return self.func(func, expression.this, increment)
     91
     92
     93def _date_diff_sql(self: Hive.Generator, expression: exp.DateDiff | exp.TsOrDsDiff) -> str:
     94    unit = expression.text("unit").upper()
     95
     96    factor = TIME_DIFF_FACTOR.get(unit)
     97    if factor is not None:
     98        left = self.sql(expression, "this")
     99        right = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    100        sec_diff = f"UNIX_TIMESTAMP({left}) - UNIX_TIMESTAMP({right})"
    101        return f"({sec_diff}){factor}" if factor else sec_diff
    102
    103    months_between = unit in DIFF_MONTH_SWITCH
    104    sql_func = "MONTHS_BETWEEN" if months_between else "DATEDIFF"
    105    _, multiplier = DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL.get(unit, ("", 1))
    106    multiplier_sql = f" / {multiplier}" if multiplier > 1 else ""
    107    diff_sql = f"{sql_func}({self.format_args(expression.this, expression.expression)})"
    108
    109    if months_between or multiplier_sql:
    110        # MONTHS_BETWEEN returns a float, so we need to truncate the fractional part.
    111        # For the same reason, we want to truncate if there's a divisor present.
    112        diff_sql = f"CAST({diff_sql}{multiplier_sql} AS INT)"
    113
    114    return diff_sql
    115
    116
    117def _json_format_sql(self: Hive.Generator, expression: exp.JSONFormat) -> str:
    118    this = expression.this
    119
    120    if is_parse_json(this):
    121        if this.this.is_string:
    122            # Since FROM_JSON requires a nested type, we always wrap the json string with
    123            # an array to ensure that "naked" strings like "'a'" will be handled correctly
    124            wrapped_json = exp.Literal.string(f"[{this.this.name}]")
    125
    126            from_json = self.func(
    127                "FROM_JSON", wrapped_json, self.func("SCHEMA_OF_JSON", wrapped_json)
    128            )
    129            to_json = self.func("TO_JSON", from_json)
    130
    131            # This strips the [, ] delimiters of the dummy array printed by TO_JSON
    132            return self.func("REGEXP_EXTRACT", to_json, "'^.(.*).$'", "1")
    133        return self.sql(this)
    134
    135    return self.func("TO_JSON", this, expression.args.get("options"))
    136
    137
    138@generator.unsupported_args(("expression", "Hive's SORT_ARRAY does not support a comparator."))
    139def _array_sort_sql(self: Hive.Generator, expression: exp.ArraySort) -> str:
    140    return self.func("SORT_ARRAY", expression.this)
    141
    142
    143def _str_to_unix_sql(self: Hive.Generator, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    144    return self.func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, time_format("hive")(self, expression))
    145
    146
    147def _unix_to_time_sql(self: Hive.Generator, expression: exp.UnixToTime) -> str:
    148    timestamp = self.sql(expression, "this")
    149    scale = expression.args.get("scale")
    150    if scale in (None, exp.UnixToTime.SECONDS):
    151        return rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME")(self, expression)
    152
    153    return f"FROM_UNIXTIME({timestamp} / POW(10, {scale}))"
    154
    155
    156def _str_to_date_sql(self: Hive.Generator, expression: exp.StrToDate) -> str:
    157    this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    158    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
    159    if time_format not in (Hive.TIME_FORMAT, Hive.DATE_FORMAT):
    160        this = f"FROM_UNIXTIME(UNIX_TIMESTAMP({this}, {time_format}))"
    161    return f"CAST({this} AS DATE)"
    162
    163
    164def _str_to_time_sql(self: Hive.Generator, expression: exp.StrToTime) -> str:
    165    this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    166    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
    167    if time_format not in (Hive.TIME_FORMAT, Hive.DATE_FORMAT):
    168        this = f"FROM_UNIXTIME(UNIX_TIMESTAMP({this}, {time_format}))"
    169    return f"CAST({this} AS TIMESTAMP)"
    170
    171
    172def _to_date_sql(self: Hive.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsToDate) -> str:
    173    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
    174    if time_format and time_format not in (Hive.TIME_FORMAT, Hive.DATE_FORMAT):
    175        return self.func("TO_DATE", expression.this, time_format)
    176
    177    if isinstance(expression.parent, TS_OR_DS_EXPRESSIONS):
    178        return self.sql(expression, "this")
    179
    180    return self.func("TO_DATE", expression.this)
    181
    182
    183def _build_with_ignore_nulls(
    184    exp_class: t.Type[exp.Expression],
    185) -> t.Callable[[t.List[exp.Expression]], exp.Expression]:
    186    def _parse(args: t.List[exp.Expression]) -> exp.Expression:
    187        this = exp_class(this=seq_get(args, 0))
    188        if seq_get(args, 1) == exp.true():
    189            return exp.IgnoreNulls(this=this)
    190        return this
    191
    192    return _parse
    193
    194
    195def _build_to_date(args: t.List) -> exp.TsOrDsToDate:
    196    expr = build_formatted_time(exp.TsOrDsToDate, "hive")(args)
    197    expr.set("safe", True)
    198    return expr
    199
    200
    201class Hive(Dialect):
    202    ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE = True
    203    IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT = True
    204    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
    205    SAFE_DIVISION = True
    206    ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS = None
    207    REGEXP_EXTRACT_DEFAULT_GROUP = 1
    208
    209    # https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-identifier.html#description
    210    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
    211
    212    TIME_MAPPING = {
    213        "y": "%Y",
    214        "Y": "%Y",
    215        "YYYY": "%Y",
    216        "yyyy": "%Y",
    217        "YY": "%y",
    218        "yy": "%y",
    219        "MMMM": "%B",
    220        "MMM": "%b",
    221        "MM": "%m",
    222        "M": "%-m",
    223        "dd": "%d",
    224        "d": "%-d",
    225        "HH": "%H",
    226        "H": "%-H",
    227        "hh": "%I",
    228        "h": "%-I",
    229        "mm": "%M",
    230        "m": "%-M",
    231        "ss": "%S",
    232        "s": "%-S",
    233        "SSSSSS": "%f",
    234        "a": "%p",
    235        "DD": "%j",
    236        "D": "%-j",
    237        "E": "%a",
    238        "EE": "%a",
    239        "EEE": "%a",
    240        "EEEE": "%A",
    241        "z": "%Z",
    242        "Z": "%z",
    243    }
    244
    245    DATE_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd'"
    246    DATEINT_FORMAT = "'yyyyMMdd'"
    247    TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'"
    248
    249    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    250        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
    251        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
    252        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
    253
    254        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    255            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
    256            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
    257        }
    258
    259        KEYWORDS = {
    260            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    261            "ADD ARCHIVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    262            "ADD ARCHIVES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    263            "ADD FILE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    264            "ADD FILES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    265            "ADD JAR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    266            "ADD JARS": TokenType.COMMAND,
    267            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    268            "MSCK REPAIR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    269            "REFRESH": TokenType.REFRESH,
    270            "TIMESTAMP AS OF": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
    271            "VERSION AS OF": TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT,
    272            "SERDEPROPERTIES": TokenType.SERDE_PROPERTIES,
    273        }
    274
    275        NUMERIC_LITERALS = {
    276            "L": "BIGINT",
    277            "S": "SMALLINT",
    278            "Y": "TINYINT",
    279            "D": "DOUBLE",
    280            "F": "FLOAT",
    281            "BD": "DECIMAL",
    282        }
    283
    284    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    285        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    286        STRICT_CAST = False
    287        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    288
    289        FUNCTIONS = {
    290            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    291            "ASCII": exp.Unicode.from_arg_list,
    292            "BASE64": exp.ToBase64.from_arg_list,
    293            "COLLECT_LIST": lambda args: exp.ArrayAgg(this=seq_get(args, 0), nulls_excluded=True),
    294            "COLLECT_SET": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    295            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    296                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY")
    297            ),
    298            "DATE_FORMAT": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "hive")(
    299                [
    300                    exp.TimeStrToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    301                    seq_get(args, 1),
    302                ]
    303            ),
    304            "DATE_SUB": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    305                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    306                expression=exp.Mul(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(-1)),
    307                unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY"),
    308            ),
    309            "DATEDIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    310                this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    311                expression=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 1)),
    312            ),
    313            "DAY": lambda args: exp.Day(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0))),
    314            "FIRST": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.First),
    315            "FIRST_VALUE": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.FirstValue),
    316            "FROM_UNIXTIME": build_formatted_time(exp.UnixToStr, "hive", True),
    317            "GET_JSON_OBJECT": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtractScalar(
    318                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
    319            ),
    320            "LAST": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.Last),
    321            "LAST_VALUE": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.LastValue),
    322            "MAP": parser.build_var_map,
    323            "MONTH": lambda args: exp.Month(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    324            "PERCENTILE": exp.Quantile.from_arg_list,
    325            "PERCENTILE_APPROX": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    326            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    327            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    328            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    329            "SIZE": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    330            "SPLIT": exp.RegexpSplit.from_arg_list,
    331            "STR_TO_MAP": lambda args: exp.StrToMap(
    332                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    333                pair_delim=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string(","),
    334                key_value_delim=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(":"),
    335            ),
    336            "TO_DATE": _build_to_date,
    337            "TO_JSON": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
    338            "TRUNC": exp.TimestampTrunc.from_arg_list,
    339            "UNBASE64": exp.FromBase64.from_arg_list,
    340            "UNIX_TIMESTAMP": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.StrToUnix, "hive", True)(
    341                args or [exp.CurrentTimestamp()]
    342            ),
    343            "YEAR": lambda args: exp.Year(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    344        }
    345
    346        NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    347            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    348            "TRANSFORM": lambda self: self._parse_transform(),
    349        }
    350
    351        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS.copy()
    352        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS.pop(TokenType.CURRENT_TIME)
    353
    354        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    355            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    356            "SERDEPROPERTIES": lambda self: exp.SerdeProperties(
    357                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property)
    358            ),
    359        }
    360
    361        def _parse_transform(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Transform | exp.QueryTransform]:
    362            if not self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
    363                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
    364                return None
    365
    366            args = self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_lambda)
    367            row_format_before = self._parse_row_format(match_row=True)
    368
    369            record_writer = None
    370            if self._match_text_seq("RECORDWRITER"):
    371                record_writer = self._parse_string()
    372
    373            if not self._match(TokenType.USING):
    374                return exp.Transform.from_arg_list(args)
    375
    376            command_script = self._parse_string()
    377
    378            self._match(TokenType.ALIAS)
    379            schema = self._parse_schema()
    380
    381            row_format_after = self._parse_row_format(match_row=True)
    382            record_reader = None
    383            if self._match_text_seq("RECORDREADER"):
    384                record_reader = self._parse_string()
    385
    386            return self.expression(
    387                exp.QueryTransform,
    388                expressions=args,
    389                command_script=command_script,
    390                schema=schema,
    391                row_format_before=row_format_before,
    392                record_writer=record_writer,
    393                row_format_after=row_format_after,
    394                record_reader=record_reader,
    395            )
    396
    397        def _parse_types(
    398            self, check_func: bool = False, schema: bool = False, allow_identifiers: bool = True
    399        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    400            """
    401            Spark (and most likely Hive) treats casts to CHAR(length) and VARCHAR(length) as casts to
    402            STRING in all contexts except for schema definitions. For example, this is in Spark v3.4.0:
    403
    404                spark-sql (default)> select cast(1234 as varchar(2));
    405                23/06/06 15:51:18 WARN CharVarcharUtils: The Spark cast operator does not support
    406                char/varchar type and simply treats them as string type. Please use string type
    407                directly to avoid confusion. Otherwise, you can set spark.sql.legacy.charVarcharAsString
    408                to true, so that Spark treat them as string type as same as Spark 3.0 and earlier
    409
    410                1234
    411                Time taken: 4.265 seconds, Fetched 1 row(s)
    412
    413            This shows that Spark doesn't truncate the value into '12', which is inconsistent with
    414            what other dialects (e.g. postgres) do, so we need to drop the length to transpile correctly.
    415
    416            Reference: https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-datatypes.html
    417            """
    418            this = super()._parse_types(
    419                check_func=check_func, schema=schema, allow_identifiers=allow_identifiers
    420            )
    421
    422            if this and not schema:
    423                return this.transform(
    424                    lambda node: (
    425                        node.replace(exp.DataType.build("text"))
    426                        if isinstance(node, exp.DataType) and node.is_type("char", "varchar")
    427                        else node
    428                    ),
    429                    copy=False,
    430                )
    431
    432            return this
    433
    434        def _parse_partition_and_order(
    435            self,
    436        ) -> t.Tuple[t.List[exp.Expression], t.Optional[exp.Expression]]:
    437            return (
    438                (
    439                    self._parse_csv(self._parse_assignment)
    440                    if self._match_set({TokenType.PARTITION_BY, TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY})
    441                    else []
    442                ),
    443                super()._parse_order(skip_order_token=self._match(TokenType.SORT_BY)),
    444            )
    445
    446        def _parse_parameter(self) -> exp.Parameter:
    447            self._match(TokenType.L_BRACE)
    448            this = self._parse_identifier() or self._parse_primary_or_var()
    449            expression = self._match(TokenType.COLON) and (
    450                self._parse_identifier() or self._parse_primary_or_var()
    451            )
    452            self._match(TokenType.R_BRACE)
    453            return self.expression(exp.Parameter, this=this, expression=expression)
    454
    455        def _to_prop_eq(self, expression: exp.Expression, index: int) -> exp.Expression:
    456            if expression.is_star:
    457                return expression
    458
    459            if isinstance(expression, exp.Column):
    460                key = expression.this
    461            else:
    462                key = exp.to_identifier(f"col{index + 1}")
    463
    464            return self.expression(exp.PropertyEQ, this=key, expression=expression)
    465
    466    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    467        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
    468        TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD = False
    469        JOIN_HINTS = False
    470        TABLE_HINTS = False
    471        QUERY_HINTS = False
    472        INDEX_ON = "ON TABLE"
    473        EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES = False
    474        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    475        LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART = False
    476        JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
    477        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    478        WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = "TBLPROPERTIES"
    479        PARSE_JSON_NAME: t.Optional[str] = None
    480        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    481        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    482        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "SIZE"
    483
    484        EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {
    485            exp.Insert,
    486            exp.Select,
    487            exp.Subquery,
    488            exp.SetOperation,
    489        }
    490
    491        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    492            exp.JSONPathKey,
    493            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    494            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    495            exp.JSONPathWildcard,
    496        }
    497
    498        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    499            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    500            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    501            exp.DataType.Type.BLOB: "BINARY",
    502            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    503            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "BINARY",
    504            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    505            exp.DataType.Type.TIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    506            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    507            exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "SMALLINT",
    508            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BINARY",
    509        }
    510
    511        TRANSFORMS = {
    512            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    513            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    514            exp.Property: property_sql,
    515            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("FIRST"),
    516            exp.ApproxDistinct: approx_count_distinct_sql,
    517            exp.ArgMax: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MAX_BY"),
    518            exp.ArgMin: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MIN_BY"),
    519            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    520            exp.ArrayToString: lambda self, e: self.func("CONCAT_WS", e.expression, e.this),
    521            exp.ArraySort: _array_sort_sql,
    522            exp.With: no_recursive_cte_sql,
    523            exp.DateAdd: _add_date_sql,
    524            exp.DateDiff: _date_diff_sql,
    525            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    526            exp.DateSub: _add_date_sql,
    527            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    528            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    529            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    530            e: f"TO_DATE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT})",
    531            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    532            e: f"STORED AS {self.sql(e, 'this') if isinstance(e.this, exp.InputOutputFormat) else e.name.upper()}",
    533            exp.StorageHandlerProperty: lambda self, e: f"STORED BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    534            exp.FromBase64: rename_func("UNBASE64"),
    535            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    536            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    537            exp.If: if_sql(),
    538            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    539            exp.IsNan: rename_func("ISNAN"),
    540            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_JSON_OBJECT", e.this, e.expression),
    541            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    542                "GET_JSON_OBJECT", e.this, e.expression
    543            ),
    544            exp.JSONFormat: _json_format_sql,
    545            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    546            exp.Map: var_map_sql,
    547            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    548            exp.MD5Digest: lambda self, e: self.func("UNHEX", self.func("MD5", e.this)),
    549            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    550            exp.MonthsBetween: lambda self, e: self.func("MONTHS_BETWEEN", e.this, e.expression),
    551            exp.NotNullColumnConstraint: lambda _, e: (
    552                "" if e.args.get("allow_null") else "NOT NULL"
    553            ),
    554            exp.VarMap: var_map_sql,
    555            exp.Create: preprocess(
    556                [
    557                    remove_unique_constraints,
    558                    ctas_with_tmp_tables_to_create_tmp_view,
    559                    move_schema_columns_to_partitioned_by,
    560                ]
    561            ),
    562            exp.Quantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE"),
    563            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE_APPROX"),
    564            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    565            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    566            exp.RegexpReplace: regexp_replace_sql,
    567            exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "RLIKE"),
    568            exp.RegexpSplit: rename_func("SPLIT"),
    569            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    570            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    571            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("COLLECT_SET"),
    572            exp.Split: lambda self, e: self.func(
    573                "SPLIT", e.this, self.func("CONCAT", "'\\\\Q'", e.expression, "'\\\\E'")
    574            ),
    575            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    576                [
    577                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    578                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    579                    partial(transforms.unnest_to_explode, unnest_using_arrays_zip=False),
    580                    transforms.any_to_exists,
    581                ]
    582            ),
    583            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    584                self, e, func_name="LOCATE", supports_position=True
    585            ),
    586            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_date_sql,
    587            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    588            exp.StrToUnix: _str_to_unix_sql,
    589            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    590            exp.StarMap: rename_func("MAP"),
    591            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    592            exp.TimeStrToDate: rename_func("TO_DATE"),
    593            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    594            exp.TimeStrToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    595            exp.TimestampTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("TRUNC", e.this, unit_to_str(e)),
    596            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    597            exp.ToBase64: rename_func("BASE64"),
    598            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    599            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    600            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _add_date_sql,
    601            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _date_diff_sql,
    602            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _to_date_sql,
    603            exp.TryCast: no_trycast_sql,
    604            exp.Unicode: rename_func("ASCII"),
    605            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
    606                "FROM_UNIXTIME", e.this, time_format("hive")(self, e)
    607            ),
    608            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    609            exp.UnixToTimeStr: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    610            exp.Unnest: rename_func("EXPLODE"),
    611            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITIONED BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    612            exp.NumberToStr: rename_func("FORMAT_NUMBER"),
    613            exp.National: lambda self, e: self.national_sql(e, prefix=""),
    614            exp.ClusteredColumnConstraint: lambda self,
    615            e: f"({self.expressions(e, 'this', indent=False)})",
    616            exp.NonClusteredColumnConstraint: lambda self,
    617            e: f"({self.expressions(e, 'this', indent=False)})",
    618            exp.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "",
    619            exp.OnProperty: lambda *_: "",
    620            exp.PartitionedByBucket: lambda self, e: self.func("BUCKET", e.expression, e.this),
    621            exp.PartitionByTruncate: lambda self, e: self.func("TRUNCATE", e.expression, e.this),
    622            exp.PrimaryKeyColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "PRIMARY KEY",
    623            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    624            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
    625            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
    626            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    627                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN")
    628            ),
    629        }
    630
    631        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    632            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    633            exp.FileFormatProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    634            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    635            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    636            exp.WithDataProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    637        }
    638
    639        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    640            return rename_func("EXPLODE")(self, expression)
    641
    642        def _jsonpathkey_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONPathKey) -> str:
    643            if isinstance(expression.this, exp.JSONPathWildcard):
    644                self.unsupported("Unsupported wildcard in JSONPathKey expression")
    645                return ""
    646
    647            return super()._jsonpathkey_sql(expression)
    648
    649        def parameter_sql(self, expression: exp.Parameter) -> str:
    650            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    651            expression_sql = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    652
    653            parent = expression.parent
    654            this = f"{this}:{expression_sql}" if expression_sql else this
    655
    656            if isinstance(parent, exp.EQ) and isinstance(parent.parent, exp.SetItem):
    657                # We need to produce SET key = value instead of SET ${key} = value
    658                return this
    659
    660            return f"${{{this}}}"
    661
    662        def schema_sql(self, expression: exp.Schema) -> str:
    663            for ordered in expression.find_all(exp.Ordered):
    664                if ordered.args.get("desc") is False:
    665                    ordered.set("desc", None)
    666
    667            return super().schema_sql(expression)
    668
    669        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
    670            for prop in list(expression.find_all(exp.Properties)):
    671                prop.pop()
    672
    673            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    674            expressions = self.expressions(expression, sep=" ", flat=True)
    675            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"
    676
    677        def rowformatserdeproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.RowFormatSerdeProperty) -> str:
    678            serde_props = self.sql(expression, "serde_properties")
    679            serde_props = f" {serde_props}" if serde_props else ""
    680            return f"ROW FORMAT SERDE {self.sql(expression, 'this')}{serde_props}"
    681
    682        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    683            return self.func(
    684                "COLLECT_LIST",
    685                expression.this.this if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Order) else expression.this,
    686            )
    687
    688        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    689            if expression.this in self.PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES and (
    690                not expression.expressions or expression.expressions[0].name == "MAX"
    691            ):
    692                expression = exp.DataType.build("text")
    693            elif expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.TEXT) and expression.expressions:
    694                expression.set("this", exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR)
    695            elif expression.this in exp.DataType.TEMPORAL_TYPES:
    696                expression = exp.DataType.build(expression.this)
    697            elif expression.is_type("float"):
    698                size_expression = expression.find(exp.DataTypeParam)
    699                if size_expression:
    700                    size = int(size_expression.name)
    701                    expression = (
    702                        exp.DataType.build("float") if size <= 32 else exp.DataType.build("double")
    703                    )
    704
    705            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    706
    707        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    708            sql = super().version_sql(expression)
    709            return sql.replace("FOR ", "", 1)
    710
    711        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    712            values = []
    713
    714            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    715                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    716                    self.unsupported("Hive does not support named structs.")
    717                    values.append(e.expression)
    718                else:
    719                    values.append(e)
    720
    721            return self.func("STRUCT", *values)
    722
    723        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    724            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    725            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    726            location = self.sql(expression, "location")
    727            location = f" LOCATION {location}" if location else ""
    728            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    729            file_format = f" FILEFORMAT {file_format}" if file_format else ""
    730            serde = self.sql(expression, "serde")
    731            serde = f" SERDE {serde}" if serde else ""
    732            tags = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True, sep="")
    733            tags = f" TAGS {tags}" if tags else ""
    734
    735            return f"SET{serde}{exprs}{location}{file_format}{tags}"
    736
    737        def serdeproperties_sql(self, expression: exp.SerdeProperties) -> str:
    738            prefix = "WITH " if expression.args.get("with") else ""
    739            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    740
    741            return f"{prefix}SERDEPROPERTIES ({exprs})"
    742
    743        def exists_sql(self, expression: exp.Exists) -> str:
    744            if expression.expression:
    745                return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    746
    747            return super().exists_sql(expression)
    748
    749        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    750            this = expression.this
    751            if isinstance(this, exp.TimeStrToTime):
    752                this = this.this
    753
    754            return self.func("DATE_FORMAT", this, self.format_time(expression))

DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL = {'YEAR': ('ADD_MONTHS', 12), 'MONTH': ('ADD_MONTHS', 1), 'QUARTER': ('ADD_MONTHS', 3), 'WEEK': ('DATE_ADD', 7), 'DAY': ('DATE_ADD', 1)}
TIME_DIFF_FACTOR = {'MILLISECOND': ' * 1000', 'SECOND': '', 'MINUTE': ' / 60', 'HOUR': ' / 3600'}
DIFF_MONTH_SWITCH = ('YEAR', 'QUARTER', 'MONTH')
TS_OR_DS_EXPRESSIONS = (<class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>)
class Hive(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

    202class Hive(Dialect):
    203    ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE = True
    204    IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT = True
    205    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
    206    SAFE_DIVISION = True
    207    ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS = None
    208    REGEXP_EXTRACT_DEFAULT_GROUP = 1
    209
    210    # https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-identifier.html#description
    211    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
    212
    213    TIME_MAPPING = {
    214        "y": "%Y",
    215        "Y": "%Y",
    216        "YYYY": "%Y",
    217        "yyyy": "%Y",
    218        "YY": "%y",
    219        "yy": "%y",
    220        "MMMM": "%B",
    221        "MMM": "%b",
    222        "MM": "%m",
    223        "M": "%-m",
    224        "dd": "%d",
    225        "d": "%-d",
    226        "HH": "%H",
    227        "H": "%-H",
    228        "hh": "%I",
    229        "h": "%-I",
    230        "mm": "%M",
    231        "m": "%-M",
    232        "ss": "%S",
    233        "s": "%-S",
    234        "SSSSSS": "%f",
    235        "a": "%p",
    236        "DD": "%j",
    237        "D": "%-j",
    238        "E": "%a",
    239        "EE": "%a",
    240        "EEE": "%a",
    241        "EEEE": "%A",
    242        "z": "%Z",
    243        "Z": "%z",
    244    }
    245
    246    DATE_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd'"
    247    DATEINT_FORMAT = "'yyyyMMdd'"
    248    TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'"
    249
    250    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    251        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
    252        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
    253        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
    254
    255        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    256            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
    257            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
    258        }
    259
    260        KEYWORDS = {
    261            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    262            "ADD ARCHIVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    263            "ADD ARCHIVES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    264            "ADD FILE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    265            "ADD FILES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    266            "ADD JAR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    267            "ADD JARS": TokenType.COMMAND,
    268            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    269            "MSCK REPAIR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    270            "REFRESH": TokenType.REFRESH,
    271            "TIMESTAMP AS OF": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
    272            "VERSION AS OF": TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT,
    273            "SERDEPROPERTIES": TokenType.SERDE_PROPERTIES,
    274        }
    275
    276        NUMERIC_LITERALS = {
    277            "L": "BIGINT",
    278            "S": "SMALLINT",
    279            "Y": "TINYINT",
    280            "D": "DOUBLE",
    281            "F": "FLOAT",
    282            "BD": "DECIMAL",
    283        }
    284
    285    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    286        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    287        STRICT_CAST = False
    288        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    289
    290        FUNCTIONS = {
    291            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    292            "ASCII": exp.Unicode.from_arg_list,
    293            "BASE64": exp.ToBase64.from_arg_list,
    294            "COLLECT_LIST": lambda args: exp.ArrayAgg(this=seq_get(args, 0), nulls_excluded=True),
    295            "COLLECT_SET": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    296            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    297                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY")
    298            ),
    299            "DATE_FORMAT": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "hive")(
    300                [
    301                    exp.TimeStrToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    302                    seq_get(args, 1),
    303                ]
    304            ),
    305            "DATE_SUB": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    306                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    307                expression=exp.Mul(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(-1)),
    308                unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY"),
    309            ),
    310            "DATEDIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    311                this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    312                expression=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 1)),
    313            ),
    314            "DAY": lambda args: exp.Day(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0))),
    315            "FIRST": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.First),
    316            "FIRST_VALUE": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.FirstValue),
    317            "FROM_UNIXTIME": build_formatted_time(exp.UnixToStr, "hive", True),
    318            "GET_JSON_OBJECT": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtractScalar(
    319                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
    320            ),
    321            "LAST": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.Last),
    322            "LAST_VALUE": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.LastValue),
    323            "MAP": parser.build_var_map,
    324            "MONTH": lambda args: exp.Month(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    325            "PERCENTILE": exp.Quantile.from_arg_list,
    326            "PERCENTILE_APPROX": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    327            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    328            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    329            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    330            "SIZE": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    331            "SPLIT": exp.RegexpSplit.from_arg_list,
    332            "STR_TO_MAP": lambda args: exp.StrToMap(
    333                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    334                pair_delim=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string(","),
    335                key_value_delim=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(":"),
    336            ),
    337            "TO_DATE": _build_to_date,
    338            "TO_JSON": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
    339            "TRUNC": exp.TimestampTrunc.from_arg_list,
    340            "UNBASE64": exp.FromBase64.from_arg_list,
    341            "UNIX_TIMESTAMP": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.StrToUnix, "hive", True)(
    342                args or [exp.CurrentTimestamp()]
    343            ),
    344            "YEAR": lambda args: exp.Year(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    345        }
    346
    347        NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    348            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    349            "TRANSFORM": lambda self: self._parse_transform(),
    350        }
    351
    352        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS.copy()
    353        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS.pop(TokenType.CURRENT_TIME)
    354
    355        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    356            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    357            "SERDEPROPERTIES": lambda self: exp.SerdeProperties(
    358                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property)
    359            ),
    360        }
    361
    362        def _parse_transform(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Transform | exp.QueryTransform]:
    363            if not self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
    364                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
    365                return None
    366
    367            args = self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_lambda)
    368            row_format_before = self._parse_row_format(match_row=True)
    369
    370            record_writer = None
    371            if self._match_text_seq("RECORDWRITER"):
    372                record_writer = self._parse_string()
    373
    374            if not self._match(TokenType.USING):
    375                return exp.Transform.from_arg_list(args)
    376
    377            command_script = self._parse_string()
    378
    379            self._match(TokenType.ALIAS)
    380            schema = self._parse_schema()
    381
    382            row_format_after = self._parse_row_format(match_row=True)
    383            record_reader = None
    384            if self._match_text_seq("RECORDREADER"):
    385                record_reader = self._parse_string()
    386
    387            return self.expression(
    388                exp.QueryTransform,
    389                expressions=args,
    390                command_script=command_script,
    391                schema=schema,
    392                row_format_before=row_format_before,
    393                record_writer=record_writer,
    394                row_format_after=row_format_after,
    395                record_reader=record_reader,
    396            )
    397
    398        def _parse_types(
    399            self, check_func: bool = False, schema: bool = False, allow_identifiers: bool = True
    400        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    401            """
    402            Spark (and most likely Hive) treats casts to CHAR(length) and VARCHAR(length) as casts to
    403            STRING in all contexts except for schema definitions. For example, this is in Spark v3.4.0:
    404
    405                spark-sql (default)> select cast(1234 as varchar(2));
    406                23/06/06 15:51:18 WARN CharVarcharUtils: The Spark cast operator does not support
    407                char/varchar type and simply treats them as string type. Please use string type
    408                directly to avoid confusion. Otherwise, you can set spark.sql.legacy.charVarcharAsString
    409                to true, so that Spark treat them as string type as same as Spark 3.0 and earlier
    410
    411                1234
    412                Time taken: 4.265 seconds, Fetched 1 row(s)
    413
    414            This shows that Spark doesn't truncate the value into '12', which is inconsistent with
    415            what other dialects (e.g. postgres) do, so we need to drop the length to transpile correctly.
    416
    417            Reference: https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-datatypes.html
    418            """
    419            this = super()._parse_types(
    420                check_func=check_func, schema=schema, allow_identifiers=allow_identifiers
    421            )
    422
    423            if this and not schema:
    424                return this.transform(
    425                    lambda node: (
    426                        node.replace(exp.DataType.build("text"))
    427                        if isinstance(node, exp.DataType) and node.is_type("char", "varchar")
    428                        else node
    429                    ),
    430                    copy=False,
    431                )
    432
    433            return this
    434
    435        def _parse_partition_and_order(
    436            self,
    437        ) -> t.Tuple[t.List[exp.Expression], t.Optional[exp.Expression]]:
    438            return (
    439                (
    440                    self._parse_csv(self._parse_assignment)
    441                    if self._match_set({TokenType.PARTITION_BY, TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY})
    442                    else []
    443                ),
    444                super()._parse_order(skip_order_token=self._match(TokenType.SORT_BY)),
    445            )
    446
    447        def _parse_parameter(self) -> exp.Parameter:
    448            self._match(TokenType.L_BRACE)
    449            this = self._parse_identifier() or self._parse_primary_or_var()
    450            expression = self._match(TokenType.COLON) and (
    451                self._parse_identifier() or self._parse_primary_or_var()
    452            )
    453            self._match(TokenType.R_BRACE)
    454            return self.expression(exp.Parameter, this=this, expression=expression)
    455
    456        def _to_prop_eq(self, expression: exp.Expression, index: int) -> exp.Expression:
    457            if expression.is_star:
    458                return expression
    459
    460            if isinstance(expression, exp.Column):
    461                key = expression.this
    462            else:
    463                key = exp.to_identifier(f"col{index + 1}")
    464
    465            return self.expression(exp.PropertyEQ, this=key, expression=expression)
    466
    467    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    468        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
    469        TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD = False
    470        JOIN_HINTS = False
    471        TABLE_HINTS = False
    472        QUERY_HINTS = False
    473        INDEX_ON = "ON TABLE"
    474        EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES = False
    475        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    476        LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART = False
    477        JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
    478        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    479        WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = "TBLPROPERTIES"
    480        PARSE_JSON_NAME: t.Optional[str] = None
    481        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    482        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    483        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "SIZE"
    484
    485        EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {
    486            exp.Insert,
    487            exp.Select,
    488            exp.Subquery,
    489            exp.SetOperation,
    490        }
    491
    492        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    493            exp.JSONPathKey,
    494            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    495            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    496            exp.JSONPathWildcard,
    497        }
    498
    499        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    500            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    501            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    502            exp.DataType.Type.BLOB: "BINARY",
    503            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    504            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "BINARY",
    505            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    506            exp.DataType.Type.TIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    507            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    508            exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "SMALLINT",
    509            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BINARY",
    510        }
    511
    512        TRANSFORMS = {
    513            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    514            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    515            exp.Property: property_sql,
    516            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("FIRST"),
    517            exp.ApproxDistinct: approx_count_distinct_sql,
    518            exp.ArgMax: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MAX_BY"),
    519            exp.ArgMin: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MIN_BY"),
    520            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    521            exp.ArrayToString: lambda self, e: self.func("CONCAT_WS", e.expression, e.this),
    522            exp.ArraySort: _array_sort_sql,
    523            exp.With: no_recursive_cte_sql,
    524            exp.DateAdd: _add_date_sql,
    525            exp.DateDiff: _date_diff_sql,
    526            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    527            exp.DateSub: _add_date_sql,
    528            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    529            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    530            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    531            e: f"TO_DATE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT})",
    532            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    533            e: f"STORED AS {self.sql(e, 'this') if isinstance(e.this, exp.InputOutputFormat) else e.name.upper()}",
    534            exp.StorageHandlerProperty: lambda self, e: f"STORED BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    535            exp.FromBase64: rename_func("UNBASE64"),
    536            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    537            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    538            exp.If: if_sql(),
    539            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    540            exp.IsNan: rename_func("ISNAN"),
    541            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_JSON_OBJECT", e.this, e.expression),
    542            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    543                "GET_JSON_OBJECT", e.this, e.expression
    544            ),
    545            exp.JSONFormat: _json_format_sql,
    546            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    547            exp.Map: var_map_sql,
    548            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    549            exp.MD5Digest: lambda self, e: self.func("UNHEX", self.func("MD5", e.this)),
    550            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    551            exp.MonthsBetween: lambda self, e: self.func("MONTHS_BETWEEN", e.this, e.expression),
    552            exp.NotNullColumnConstraint: lambda _, e: (
    553                "" if e.args.get("allow_null") else "NOT NULL"
    554            ),
    555            exp.VarMap: var_map_sql,
    556            exp.Create: preprocess(
    557                [
    558                    remove_unique_constraints,
    559                    ctas_with_tmp_tables_to_create_tmp_view,
    560                    move_schema_columns_to_partitioned_by,
    561                ]
    562            ),
    563            exp.Quantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE"),
    564            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE_APPROX"),
    565            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    566            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    567            exp.RegexpReplace: regexp_replace_sql,
    568            exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "RLIKE"),
    569            exp.RegexpSplit: rename_func("SPLIT"),
    570            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    571            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    572            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("COLLECT_SET"),
    573            exp.Split: lambda self, e: self.func(
    574                "SPLIT", e.this, self.func("CONCAT", "'\\\\Q'", e.expression, "'\\\\E'")
    575            ),
    576            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    577                [
    578                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    579                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    580                    partial(transforms.unnest_to_explode, unnest_using_arrays_zip=False),
    581                    transforms.any_to_exists,
    582                ]
    583            ),
    584            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    585                self, e, func_name="LOCATE", supports_position=True
    586            ),
    587            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_date_sql,
    588            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    589            exp.StrToUnix: _str_to_unix_sql,
    590            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    591            exp.StarMap: rename_func("MAP"),
    592            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    593            exp.TimeStrToDate: rename_func("TO_DATE"),
    594            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    595            exp.TimeStrToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    596            exp.TimestampTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("TRUNC", e.this, unit_to_str(e)),
    597            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    598            exp.ToBase64: rename_func("BASE64"),
    599            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    600            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    601            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _add_date_sql,
    602            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _date_diff_sql,
    603            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _to_date_sql,
    604            exp.TryCast: no_trycast_sql,
    605            exp.Unicode: rename_func("ASCII"),
    606            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
    607                "FROM_UNIXTIME", e.this, time_format("hive")(self, e)
    608            ),
    609            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    610            exp.UnixToTimeStr: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    611            exp.Unnest: rename_func("EXPLODE"),
    612            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITIONED BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    613            exp.NumberToStr: rename_func("FORMAT_NUMBER"),
    614            exp.National: lambda self, e: self.national_sql(e, prefix=""),
    615            exp.ClusteredColumnConstraint: lambda self,
    616            e: f"({self.expressions(e, 'this', indent=False)})",
    617            exp.NonClusteredColumnConstraint: lambda self,
    618            e: f"({self.expressions(e, 'this', indent=False)})",
    619            exp.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "",
    620            exp.OnProperty: lambda *_: "",
    621            exp.PartitionedByBucket: lambda self, e: self.func("BUCKET", e.expression, e.this),
    622            exp.PartitionByTruncate: lambda self, e: self.func("TRUNCATE", e.expression, e.this),
    623            exp.PrimaryKeyColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "PRIMARY KEY",
    624            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    625            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
    626            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
    627            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    628                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN")
    629            ),
    630        }
    631
    632        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    633            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    634            exp.FileFormatProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    635            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    636            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    637            exp.WithDataProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    638        }
    639
    640        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    641            return rename_func("EXPLODE")(self, expression)
    642
    643        def _jsonpathkey_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONPathKey) -> str:
    644            if isinstance(expression.this, exp.JSONPathWildcard):
    645                self.unsupported("Unsupported wildcard in JSONPathKey expression")
    646                return ""
    647
    648            return super()._jsonpathkey_sql(expression)
    649
    650        def parameter_sql(self, expression: exp.Parameter) -> str:
    651            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    652            expression_sql = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    653
    654            parent = expression.parent
    655            this = f"{this}:{expression_sql}" if expression_sql else this
    656
    657            if isinstance(parent, exp.EQ) and isinstance(parent.parent, exp.SetItem):
    658                # We need to produce SET key = value instead of SET ${key} = value
    659                return this
    660
    661            return f"${{{this}}}"
    662
    663        def schema_sql(self, expression: exp.Schema) -> str:
    664            for ordered in expression.find_all(exp.Ordered):
    665                if ordered.args.get("desc") is False:
    666                    ordered.set("desc", None)
    667
    668            return super().schema_sql(expression)
    669
    670        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
    671            for prop in list(expression.find_all(exp.Properties)):
    672                prop.pop()
    673
    674            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    675            expressions = self.expressions(expression, sep=" ", flat=True)
    676            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"
    677
    678        def rowformatserdeproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.RowFormatSerdeProperty) -> str:
    679            serde_props = self.sql(expression, "serde_properties")
    680            serde_props = f" {serde_props}" if serde_props else ""
    681            return f"ROW FORMAT SERDE {self.sql(expression, 'this')}{serde_props}"
    682
    683        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    684            return self.func(
    685                "COLLECT_LIST",
    686                expression.this.this if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Order) else expression.this,
    687            )
    688
    689        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    690            if expression.this in self.PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES and (
    691                not expression.expressions or expression.expressions[0].name == "MAX"
    692            ):
    693                expression = exp.DataType.build("text")
    694            elif expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.TEXT) and expression.expressions:
    695                expression.set("this", exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR)
    696            elif expression.this in exp.DataType.TEMPORAL_TYPES:
    697                expression = exp.DataType.build(expression.this)
    698            elif expression.is_type("float"):
    699                size_expression = expression.find(exp.DataTypeParam)
    700                if size_expression:
    701                    size = int(size_expression.name)
    702                    expression = (
    703                        exp.DataType.build("float") if size <= 32 else exp.DataType.build("double")
    704                    )
    705
    706            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    707
    708        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    709            sql = super().version_sql(expression)
    710            return sql.replace("FOR ", "", 1)
    711
    712        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    713            values = []
    714
    715            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    716                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    717                    self.unsupported("Hive does not support named structs.")
    718                    values.append(e.expression)
    719                else:
    720                    values.append(e)
    721
    722            return self.func("STRUCT", *values)
    723
    724        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    725            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    726            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    727            location = self.sql(expression, "location")
    728            location = f" LOCATION {location}" if location else ""
    729            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    730            file_format = f" FILEFORMAT {file_format}" if file_format else ""
    731            serde = self.sql(expression, "serde")
    732            serde = f" SERDE {serde}" if serde else ""
    733            tags = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True, sep="")
    734            tags = f" TAGS {tags}" if tags else ""
    735
    736            return f"SET{serde}{exprs}{location}{file_format}{tags}"
    737
    738        def serdeproperties_sql(self, expression: exp.SerdeProperties) -> str:
    739            prefix = "WITH " if expression.args.get("with") else ""
    740            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    741
    742            return f"{prefix}SERDEPROPERTIES ({exprs})"
    743
    744        def exists_sql(self, expression: exp.Exists) -> str:
    745            if expression.expression:
    746                return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    747
    748            return super().exists_sql(expression)
    749
    750        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    751            this = expression.this
    752            if isinstance(this, exp.TimeStrToTime):
    753                this = this.this
    754
    755            return self.func("DATE_FORMAT", this, self.format_time(expression))

ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE = True

Whether the table alias comes after tablesample.

IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT = True

Whether an unquoted identifier can start with a digit.

SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False

Whether user-defined data types are supported.

SAFE_DIVISION = True

Whether division by zero throws an error (`False`) or returns NULL (`True`).

ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS: Optional[bool] = None

Whether ArrayAgg needs to filter NULL values.

REGEXP_EXTRACT_DEFAULT_GROUP = 1

The default value for the capturing group.

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE: 'CASE_INSENSITIVE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'y': '%Y', 'Y': '%Y', 'YYYY': '%Y', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'yy': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'MMM': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'M': '%-m', 'dd': '%d', 'd': '%-d', 'HH': '%H', 'H': '%-H', 'hh': '%I', 'h': '%-I', 'mm': '%M', 'm': '%-M', 'ss': '%S', 's': '%-S', 'SSSSSS': '%f', 'a': '%p', 'DD': '%j', 'D': '%-j', 'E': '%a', 'EE': '%a', 'EEE': '%a', 'EEEE': '%A', 'z': '%Z', 'Z': '%z'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

DATE_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd'"
DATEINT_FORMAT = "'yyyyMMdd'"
TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'"
SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\\a': '\x07', '\\b': '\x08', '\\f': '\x0c', '\\n': '\n', '\\r': '\r', '\\t': '\t', '\\v': '\x0b', '\\\\': '\\'}

Mapping of an escaped sequence (`\n`) to its unescaped version (`` ).

tokenizer_class = <class 'Hive.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Hive.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Hive.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'H': {'H': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'h': {'h': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'm': {'m': {0: True}, 0: True}, 's': {'s': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True}}}}, 'z': {0: True}, 'Z': {0: True}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'H': {'H': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'h': {'h': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'm': {'m': {0: True}, 0: True}, 's': {'s': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True}}}}, 'z': {0: True}, 'Z': {0: True}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'MMMM', '%b': 'MMM', '%m': 'MM', '%-m': 'M', '%d': 'dd', '%-d': 'd', '%H': 'HH', '%-H': 'H', '%I': 'hh', '%-I': 'h', '%M': 'mm', '%-M': 'm', '%S': 'ss', '%-S': 's', '%f': 'SSSSSS', '%p': 'a', '%j': 'DD', '%-j': 'D', '%a': 'EEE', '%A': 'EEEE', '%Z': 'z', '%z': 'Z'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, '-': {'m': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}, 'p': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}, 'a': {0: True}, 'A': {0: True}, 'Z': {0: True}, 'z': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\x07': '\\a', '\x08': '\\b', '\x0c': '\\f', '\n': '\\n', '\r': '\\r', '\t': '\\t', '\x0b': '\\v', '\\': '\\\\'}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '`'
IDENTIFIER_END = '`'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = None
HEX_END: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None
class Hive.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    250    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    251        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
    252        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
    253        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
    254
    255        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    256            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
    257            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
    258        }
    259
    260        KEYWORDS = {
    261            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    262            "ADD ARCHIVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    263            "ADD ARCHIVES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    264            "ADD FILE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    265            "ADD FILES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    266            "ADD JAR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    267            "ADD JARS": TokenType.COMMAND,
    268            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    269            "MSCK REPAIR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    270            "REFRESH": TokenType.REFRESH,
    271            "TIMESTAMP AS OF": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
    272            "VERSION AS OF": TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT,
    273            "SERDEPROPERTIES": TokenType.SERDE_PROPERTIES,
    274        }
    275
    276        NUMERIC_LITERALS = {
    277            "L": "BIGINT",
    278            "S": "SMALLINT",
    279            "Y": "TINYINT",
    280            "D": "DOUBLE",
    281            "F": "FLOAT",
    282            "BD": "DECIMAL",
    283        }

QUOTES = ["'", '"']
IDENTIFIERS = ['`']
STRING_ESCAPES = ['\\']
SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, '{': <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>, '}': <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>, '&': <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>, '^': <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '=': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '>': <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>, '<': <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>, '%': <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, '!': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, '|': <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>, '+': <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>, ';': <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>, '/': <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, '\\': <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>, '~': <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, '#': <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>, "'": <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '`': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '"': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '$': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>}
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '/*+': <TokenType.HINT: 'HINT'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NAMESPACE': <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT256': <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'UINT128': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'UINT256': <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'ADD ARCHIVE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ADD ARCHIVES': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ADD FILE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ADD FILES': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ADD JAR': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ADD JARS': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'MINUS': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'MSCK REPAIR': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'REFRESH': <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, 'TIMESTAMP AS OF': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'VERSION AS OF': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'SERDEPROPERTIES': <TokenType.SERDE_PROPERTIES: 'SERDE_PROPERTIES'>}
NUMERIC_LITERALS = {'L': 'BIGINT', 'S': 'SMALLINT', 'Y': 'TINYINT', 'D': 'DOUBLE', 'F': 'FLOAT', 'BD': 'DECIMAL'}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEX_STRINGS
  RAW_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  NESTED_COMMENTS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMANDS
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  COMMENTS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class Hive.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    285    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    286        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    287        STRICT_CAST = False
    288        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    289
    290        FUNCTIONS = {
    291            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    292            "ASCII": exp.Unicode.from_arg_list,
    293            "BASE64": exp.ToBase64.from_arg_list,
    294            "COLLECT_LIST": lambda args: exp.ArrayAgg(this=seq_get(args, 0), nulls_excluded=True),
    295            "COLLECT_SET": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    296            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    297                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY")
    298            ),
    299            "DATE_FORMAT": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "hive")(
    300                [
    301                    exp.TimeStrToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    302                    seq_get(args, 1),
    303                ]
    304            ),
    305            "DATE_SUB": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    306                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    307                expression=exp.Mul(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(-1)),
    308                unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY"),
    309            ),
    310            "DATEDIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    311                this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    312                expression=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 1)),
    313            ),
    314            "DAY": lambda args: exp.Day(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0))),
    315            "FIRST": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.First),
    316            "FIRST_VALUE": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.FirstValue),
    317            "FROM_UNIXTIME": build_formatted_time(exp.UnixToStr, "hive", True),
    318            "GET_JSON_OBJECT": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtractScalar(
    319                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
    320            ),
    321            "LAST": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.Last),
    322            "LAST_VALUE": _build_with_ignore_nulls(exp.LastValue),
    323            "MAP": parser.build_var_map,
    324            "MONTH": lambda args: exp.Month(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    325            "PERCENTILE": exp.Quantile.from_arg_list,
    326            "PERCENTILE_APPROX": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    327            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    328            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    329            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    330            "SIZE": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    331            "SPLIT": exp.RegexpSplit.from_arg_list,
    332            "STR_TO_MAP": lambda args: exp.StrToMap(
    333                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    334                pair_delim=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string(","),
    335                key_value_delim=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(":"),
    336            ),
    337            "TO_DATE": _build_to_date,
    338            "TO_JSON": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
    339            "TRUNC": exp.TimestampTrunc.from_arg_list,
    340            "UNBASE64": exp.FromBase64.from_arg_list,
    341            "UNIX_TIMESTAMP": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.StrToUnix, "hive", True)(
    342                args or [exp.CurrentTimestamp()]
    343            ),
    344            "YEAR": lambda args: exp.Year(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    345        }
    346
    347        NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    348            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    349            "TRANSFORM": lambda self: self._parse_transform(),
    350        }
    351
    352        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS.copy()
    353        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS.pop(TokenType.CURRENT_TIME)
    354
    355        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    356            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    357            "SERDEPROPERTIES": lambda self: exp.SerdeProperties(
    358                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property)
    359            ),
    360        }
    361
    362        def _parse_transform(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Transform | exp.QueryTransform]:
    363            if not self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
    364                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
    365                return None
    366
    367            args = self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_lambda)
    368            row_format_before = self._parse_row_format(match_row=True)
    369
    370            record_writer = None
    371            if self._match_text_seq("RECORDWRITER"):
    372                record_writer = self._parse_string()
    373
    374            if not self._match(TokenType.USING):
    375                return exp.Transform.from_arg_list(args)
    376
    377            command_script = self._parse_string()
    378
    379            self._match(TokenType.ALIAS)
    380            schema = self._parse_schema()
    381
    382            row_format_after = self._parse_row_format(match_row=True)
    383            record_reader = None
    384            if self._match_text_seq("RECORDREADER"):
    385                record_reader = self._parse_string()
    386
    387            return self.expression(
    388                exp.QueryTransform,
    389                expressions=args,
    390                command_script=command_script,
    391                schema=schema,
    392                row_format_before=row_format_before,
    393                record_writer=record_writer,
    394                row_format_after=row_format_after,
    395                record_reader=record_reader,
    396            )
    397
    398        def _parse_types(
    399            self, check_func: bool = False, schema: bool = False, allow_identifiers: bool = True
    400        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    401            """
    402            Spark (and most likely Hive) treats casts to CHAR(length) and VARCHAR(length) as casts to
    403            STRING in all contexts except for schema definitions. For example, this is in Spark v3.4.0:
    404
    405                spark-sql (default)> select cast(1234 as varchar(2));
    406                23/06/06 15:51:18 WARN CharVarcharUtils: The Spark cast operator does not support
    407                char/varchar type and simply treats them as string type. Please use string type
    408                directly to avoid confusion. Otherwise, you can set spark.sql.legacy.charVarcharAsString
    409                to true, so that Spark treat them as string type as same as Spark 3.0 and earlier
    410
    411                1234
    412                Time taken: 4.265 seconds, Fetched 1 row(s)
    413
    414            This shows that Spark doesn't truncate the value into '12', which is inconsistent with
    415            what other dialects (e.g. postgres) do, so we need to drop the length to transpile correctly.
    416
    417            Reference: https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-datatypes.html
    418            """
    419            this = super()._parse_types(
    420                check_func=check_func, schema=schema, allow_identifiers=allow_identifiers
    421            )
    422
    423            if this and not schema:
    424                return this.transform(
    425                    lambda node: (
    426                        node.replace(exp.DataType.build("text"))
    427                        if isinstance(node, exp.DataType) and node.is_type("char", "varchar")
    428                        else node
    429                    ),
    430                    copy=False,
    431                )
    432
    433            return this
    434
    435        def _parse_partition_and_order(
    436            self,
    437        ) -> t.Tuple[t.List[exp.Expression], t.Optional[exp.Expression]]:
    438            return (
    439                (
    440                    self._parse_csv(self._parse_assignment)
    441                    if self._match_set({TokenType.PARTITION_BY, TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY})
    442                    else []
    443                ),
    444                super()._parse_order(skip_order_token=self._match(TokenType.SORT_BY)),
    445            )
    446
    447        def _parse_parameter(self) -> exp.Parameter:
    448            self._match(TokenType.L_BRACE)
    449            this = self._parse_identifier() or self._parse_primary_or_var()
    450            expression = self._match(TokenType.COLON) and (
    451                self._parse_identifier() or self._parse_primary_or_var()
    452            )
    453            self._match(TokenType.R_BRACE)
    454            return self.expression(exp.Parameter, this=this, expression=expression)
    455
    456        def _to_prop_eq(self, expression: exp.Expression, index: int) -> exp.Expression:
    457            if expression.is_star:
    458                return expression
    459
    460            if isinstance(expression, exp.Column):
    461                key = expression.this
    462            else:
    463                key = exp.to_identifier(f"col{index + 1}")
    464
    465            return self.expression(exp.PropertyEQ, this=key, expression=expression)

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
STRICT_CAST = False
VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Contains'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>>, 'DATE_ADD': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_BIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateBin'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateTrunc'>>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK_ISO': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'ISODOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exists'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXPLODING_GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodingGenerateSeries'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FEATURES_AT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FeaturesAtTime'>>, 'FIRST': <function _build_with_ignore_nulls.<locals>._parse>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <function _build_with_ignore_nulls.<locals>._parse>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Flatten'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'FROM_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromISO8601Timestamp'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'INLINE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Inline'>>, 'INT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>>, 'IS_ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExists'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONCast'>>, 'J_S_O_N_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExists'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'J_S_O_N_VALUE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <function _build_with_ignore_nulls.<locals>._parse>, 'LAST_DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <function _build_with_ignore_nulls.<locals>._parse>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'CHAR_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'CHARACTER_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAKE_INTERVAL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>>, 'MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MEDIAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Median'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NORMALIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Normalize'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OBJECT_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ObjectInsert'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>>, 'OVERLAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlay'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <function build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL': <function build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpReplace'>>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'SPLIT_PART': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber'>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNICODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_SECONDS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLElement'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRPOS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'CHARINDEX': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'LOCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>>, 'BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'COLLECT_LIST': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLECT_SET': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'DATE_FORMAT': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'FROM_UNIXTIME': <function build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'GET_JSON_OBJECT': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'PERCENTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'PERCENTILE_APPROX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'SEQUENCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'TO_DATE': <function _build_to_date>, 'TO_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'UNBASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'UNIX_TIMESTAMP': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>}
NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'ANY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IF': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>}
NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {<TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALLOWED_VALUES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BACKUP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARSET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONTAINS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATA_DELETION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTRIBUTED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DUPLICATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DYNAMIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EMPTY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOBAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ICEBERG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INHERITS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MODIFIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OUTPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'READS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REMOTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STREAMING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAMPLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHARING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSTEM_VERSIONING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNLOGGED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SERDEPROPERTIES': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>}
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ALTERABLES
  ALIAS_TOKENS
  COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS
  ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  ASSIGNMENT
  DISJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  TIMESTAMPS
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  LAMBDAS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  STATEMENT_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  RANGE_PARSERS
  CONSTRAINT_PARSERS
  ALTER_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  FUNCTION_PARSERS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  SHOW_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  TYPE_CONVERTERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
  PROCEDURE_OPTIONS
  EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
  KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  NULL_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
  IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
  ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
  ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
  PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  DESCRIBE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  PARTITION_KEYWORDS
  AMBIGUOUS_ALIAS_TOKENS
  OPERATION_MODIFIERS
  RECURSIVE_CTE_SEARCH_KIND
  MODIFIABLES
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
  ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD
  SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  STRING_ALIASES
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT
  SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  WRAPPED_TRANSFORM_COLUMN_CONSTRAINT
  OPTIONAL_ALIAS_TOKEN_CTE
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  parse_set_operation
  errors
  sql

class Hive.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

    467    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    468        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
    469        TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD = False
    470        JOIN_HINTS = False
    471        TABLE_HINTS = False
    472        QUERY_HINTS = False
    473        INDEX_ON = "ON TABLE"
    474        EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES = False
    475        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    476        LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART = False
    477        JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
    478        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    479        WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = "TBLPROPERTIES"
    480        PARSE_JSON_NAME: t.Optional[str] = None
    481        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    482        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    483        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "SIZE"
    484
    485        EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {
    486            exp.Insert,
    487            exp.Select,
    488            exp.Subquery,
    489            exp.SetOperation,
    490        }
    491
    492        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    493            exp.JSONPathKey,
    494            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    495            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    496            exp.JSONPathWildcard,
    497        }
    498
    499        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    500            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    501            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    502            exp.DataType.Type.BLOB: "BINARY",
    503            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    504            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "BINARY",
    505            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    506            exp.DataType.Type.TIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    507            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    508            exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "SMALLINT",
    509            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BINARY",
    510        }
    511
    512        TRANSFORMS = {
    513            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    514            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    515            exp.Property: property_sql,
    516            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("FIRST"),
    517            exp.ApproxDistinct: approx_count_distinct_sql,
    518            exp.ArgMax: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MAX_BY"),
    519            exp.ArgMin: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MIN_BY"),
    520            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    521            exp.ArrayToString: lambda self, e: self.func("CONCAT_WS", e.expression, e.this),
    522            exp.ArraySort: _array_sort_sql,
    523            exp.With: no_recursive_cte_sql,
    524            exp.DateAdd: _add_date_sql,
    525            exp.DateDiff: _date_diff_sql,
    526            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    527            exp.DateSub: _add_date_sql,
    528            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    529            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    530            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    531            e: f"TO_DATE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT})",
    532            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    533            e: f"STORED AS {self.sql(e, 'this') if isinstance(e.this, exp.InputOutputFormat) else e.name.upper()}",
    534            exp.StorageHandlerProperty: lambda self, e: f"STORED BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    535            exp.FromBase64: rename_func("UNBASE64"),
    536            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    537            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    538            exp.If: if_sql(),
    539            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    540            exp.IsNan: rename_func("ISNAN"),
    541            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_JSON_OBJECT", e.this, e.expression),
    542            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    543                "GET_JSON_OBJECT", e.this, e.expression
    544            ),
    545            exp.JSONFormat: _json_format_sql,
    546            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    547            exp.Map: var_map_sql,
    548            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    549            exp.MD5Digest: lambda self, e: self.func("UNHEX", self.func("MD5", e.this)),
    550            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    551            exp.MonthsBetween: lambda self, e: self.func("MONTHS_BETWEEN", e.this, e.expression),
    552            exp.NotNullColumnConstraint: lambda _, e: (
    553                "" if e.args.get("allow_null") else "NOT NULL"
    554            ),
    555            exp.VarMap: var_map_sql,
    556            exp.Create: preprocess(
    557                [
    558                    remove_unique_constraints,
    559                    ctas_with_tmp_tables_to_create_tmp_view,
    560                    move_schema_columns_to_partitioned_by,
    561                ]
    562            ),
    563            exp.Quantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE"),
    564            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE_APPROX"),
    565            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    566            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    567            exp.RegexpReplace: regexp_replace_sql,
    568            exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "RLIKE"),
    569            exp.RegexpSplit: rename_func("SPLIT"),
    570            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    571            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    572            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("COLLECT_SET"),
    573            exp.Split: lambda self, e: self.func(
    574                "SPLIT", e.this, self.func("CONCAT", "'\\\\Q'", e.expression, "'\\\\E'")
    575            ),
    576            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    577                [
    578                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    579                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    580                    partial(transforms.unnest_to_explode, unnest_using_arrays_zip=False),
    581                    transforms.any_to_exists,
    582                ]
    583            ),
    584            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    585                self, e, func_name="LOCATE", supports_position=True
    586            ),
    587            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_date_sql,
    588            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    589            exp.StrToUnix: _str_to_unix_sql,
    590            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    591            exp.StarMap: rename_func("MAP"),
    592            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    593            exp.TimeStrToDate: rename_func("TO_DATE"),
    594            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    595            exp.TimeStrToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    596            exp.TimestampTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("TRUNC", e.this, unit_to_str(e)),
    597            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    598            exp.ToBase64: rename_func("BASE64"),
    599            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    600            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    601            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _add_date_sql,
    602            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _date_diff_sql,
    603            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _to_date_sql,
    604            exp.TryCast: no_trycast_sql,
    605            exp.Unicode: rename_func("ASCII"),
    606            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
    607                "FROM_UNIXTIME", e.this, time_format("hive")(self, e)
    608            ),
    609            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    610            exp.UnixToTimeStr: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    611            exp.Unnest: rename_func("EXPLODE"),
    612            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITIONED BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    613            exp.NumberToStr: rename_func("FORMAT_NUMBER"),
    614            exp.National: lambda self, e: self.national_sql(e, prefix=""),
    615            exp.ClusteredColumnConstraint: lambda self,
    616            e: f"({self.expressions(e, 'this', indent=False)})",
    617            exp.NonClusteredColumnConstraint: lambda self,
    618            e: f"({self.expressions(e, 'this', indent=False)})",
    619            exp.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "",
    620            exp.OnProperty: lambda *_: "",
    621            exp.PartitionedByBucket: lambda self, e: self.func("BUCKET", e.expression, e.this),
    622            exp.PartitionByTruncate: lambda self, e: self.func("TRUNCATE", e.expression, e.this),
    623            exp.PrimaryKeyColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "PRIMARY KEY",
    624            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    625            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
    626            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
    627            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    628                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN")
    629            ),
    630        }
    631
    632        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    633            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    634            exp.FileFormatProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    635            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    636            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    637            exp.WithDataProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    638        }
    639
    640        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    641            return rename_func("EXPLODE")(self, expression)
    642
    643        def _jsonpathkey_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONPathKey) -> str:
    644            if isinstance(expression.this, exp.JSONPathWildcard):
    645                self.unsupported("Unsupported wildcard in JSONPathKey expression")
    646                return ""
    647
    648            return super()._jsonpathkey_sql(expression)
    649
    650        def parameter_sql(self, expression: exp.Parameter) -> str:
    651            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    652            expression_sql = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    653
    654            parent = expression.parent
    655            this = f"{this}:{expression_sql}" if expression_sql else this
    656
    657            if isinstance(parent, exp.EQ) and isinstance(parent.parent, exp.SetItem):
    658                # We need to produce SET key = value instead of SET ${key} = value
    659                return this
    660
    661            return f"${{{this}}}"
    662
    663        def schema_sql(self, expression: exp.Schema) -> str:
    664            for ordered in expression.find_all(exp.Ordered):
    665                if ordered.args.get("desc") is False:
    666                    ordered.set("desc", None)
    667
    668            return super().schema_sql(expression)
    669
    670        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
    671            for prop in list(expression.find_all(exp.Properties)):
    672                prop.pop()
    673
    674            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    675            expressions = self.expressions(expression, sep=" ", flat=True)
    676            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"
    677
    678        def rowformatserdeproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.RowFormatSerdeProperty) -> str:
    679            serde_props = self.sql(expression, "serde_properties")
    680            serde_props = f" {serde_props}" if serde_props else ""
    681            return f"ROW FORMAT SERDE {self.sql(expression, 'this')}{serde_props}"
    682
    683        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    684            return self.func(
    685                "COLLECT_LIST",
    686                expression.this.this if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Order) else expression.this,
    687            )
    688
    689        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    690            if expression.this in self.PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES and (
    691                not expression.expressions or expression.expressions[0].name == "MAX"
    692            ):
    693                expression = exp.DataType.build("text")
    694            elif expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.TEXT) and expression.expressions:
    695                expression.set("this", exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR)
    696            elif expression.this in exp.DataType.TEMPORAL_TYPES:
    697                expression = exp.DataType.build(expression.this)
    698            elif expression.is_type("float"):
    699                size_expression = expression.find(exp.DataTypeParam)
    700                if size_expression:
    701                    size = int(size_expression.name)
    702                    expression = (
    703                        exp.DataType.build("float") if size <= 32 else exp.DataType.build("double")
    704                    )
    705
    706            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    707
    708        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    709            sql = super().version_sql(expression)
    710            return sql.replace("FOR ", "", 1)
    711
    712        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    713            values = []
    714
    715            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    716                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    717                    self.unsupported("Hive does not support named structs.")
    718                    values.append(e.expression)
    719                else:
    720                    values.append(e)
    721
    722            return self.func("STRUCT", *values)
    723
    724        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    725            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    726            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    727            location = self.sql(expression, "location")
    728            location = f" LOCATION {location}" if location else ""
    729            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    730            file_format = f" FILEFORMAT {file_format}" if file_format else ""
    731            serde = self.sql(expression, "serde")
    732            serde = f" SERDE {serde}" if serde else ""
    733            tags = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True, sep="")
    734            tags = f" TAGS {tags}" if tags else ""
    735
    736            return f"SET{serde}{exprs}{location}{file_format}{tags}"
    737
    738        def serdeproperties_sql(self, expression: exp.SerdeProperties) -> str:
    739            prefix = "WITH " if expression.args.get("with") else ""
    740            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    741
    742            return f"{prefix}SERDEPROPERTIES ({exprs})"
    743
    744        def exists_sql(self, expression: exp.Exists) -> str:
    745            if expression.expression:
    746                return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    747
    748            return super().exists_sql(expression)
    749
    750        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    751            this = expression.this
    752            if isinstance(this, exp.TimeStrToTime):
    753                this = this.this
    754
    755            return self.func("DATE_FORMAT", this, self.format_time(expression))

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

LIMIT_FETCH = 'LIMIT'
TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD = False
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
INDEX_ON = 'ON TABLE'
EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES = False
NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART = False
JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = 'TBLPROPERTIES'
PARSE_JSON_NAME: Optional[str] = None
PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = 'SIZE'
EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Insert'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Subquery'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetOperation'>}
SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathWildcard'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.BLOB: 'BLOB'>: 'BINARY', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'BINARY', <Type.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.BIT: 'BIT'>: 'BOOLEAN', <Type.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TEXT: 'TEXT'>: 'STRING', <Type.TIME: 'TIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>: 'SMALLINT', <Type.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>: 'BINARY'}
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathWildcard'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeColumns'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeWith'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CredentialsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Get'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByBucket'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionByTruncate'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Put'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingData'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function var_map_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Group'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <function property_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function approx_count_distinct_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function arg_max_or_min_no_count.<locals>._arg_max_or_min_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function arg_max_or_min_no_count.<locals>._arg_max_or_min_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>: <function _array_sort_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.With'>: <function no_recursive_cte_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function _add_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function _date_diff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function _add_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StorageHandlerProperty'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function sequence_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateDateArray'>: <function sequence_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function no_ilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>: <function _json_format_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>: <function left_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function var_map_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotNullColumnConstraint'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function regexp_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtractAll'>: <function regexp_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpReplace'>: <function regexp_replace_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>: <function right_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function _str_to_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function _str_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>: <function _str_to_unix_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>: <function struct_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Table'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function _add_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function _date_diff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function _to_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function no_trycast_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function _unix_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unnest'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.National'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKeyColumnConstraint'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IncludeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StorageHandlerProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>}
def unnest_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Unnest) -> str: View Source

    640        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    641            return rename_func("EXPLODE")(self, expression)

def parameter_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Parameter) -> str: View Source

    650        def parameter_sql(self, expression: exp.Parameter) -> str:
    651            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    652            expression_sql = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    653
    654            parent = expression.parent
    655            this = f"{this}:{expression_sql}" if expression_sql else this
    656
    657            if isinstance(parent, exp.EQ) and isinstance(parent.parent, exp.SetItem):
    658                # We need to produce SET key = value instead of SET ${key} = value
    659                return this
    660
    661            return f"${{{this}}}"

def schema_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Schema) -> str: View Source

    663        def schema_sql(self, expression: exp.Schema) -> str:
    664            for ordered in expression.find_all(exp.Ordered):
    665                if ordered.args.get("desc") is False:
    666                    ordered.set("desc", None)
    667
    668            return super().schema_sql(expression)

def constraint_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Constraint) -> str: View Source

    670        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
    671            for prop in list(expression.find_all(exp.Properties)):
    672                prop.pop()
    673
    674            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    675            expressions = self.expressions(expression, sep=" ", flat=True)
    676            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"

def rowformatserdeproperty_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty) -> str: View Source

    678        def rowformatserdeproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.RowFormatSerdeProperty) -> str:
    679            serde_props = self.sql(expression, "serde_properties")
    680            serde_props = f" {serde_props}" if serde_props else ""
    681            return f"ROW FORMAT SERDE {self.sql(expression, 'this')}{serde_props}"

def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg) -> str: View Source

    683        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    684            return self.func(
    685                "COLLECT_LIST",
    686                expression.this.this if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Order) else expression.this,
    687            )

def datatype_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DataType) -> str: View Source

    689        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    690            if expression.this in self.PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES and (
    691                not expression.expressions or expression.expressions[0].name == "MAX"
    692            ):
    693                expression = exp.DataType.build("text")
    694            elif expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.TEXT) and expression.expressions:
    695                expression.set("this", exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR)
    696            elif expression.this in exp.DataType.TEMPORAL_TYPES:
    697                expression = exp.DataType.build(expression.this)
    698            elif expression.is_type("float"):
    699                size_expression = expression.find(exp.DataTypeParam)
    700                if size_expression:
    701                    size = int(size_expression.name)
    702                    expression = (
    703                        exp.DataType.build("float") if size <= 32 else exp.DataType.build("double")
    704                    )
    705
    706            return super().datatype_sql(expression)

def version_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Version) -> str: View Source

    708        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    709            sql = super().version_sql(expression)
    710            return sql.replace("FOR ", "", 1)

def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str: View Source

    712        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    713            values = []
    714
    715            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    716                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    717                    self.unsupported("Hive does not support named structs.")
    718                    values.append(e.expression)
    719                else:
    720                    values.append(e)
    721
    722            return self.func("STRUCT", *values)

def alterset_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.AlterSet) -> str: View Source

    724        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    725            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    726            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    727            location = self.sql(expression, "location")
    728            location = f" LOCATION {location}" if location else ""
    729            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    730            file_format = f" FILEFORMAT {file_format}" if file_format else ""
    731            serde = self.sql(expression, "serde")
    732            serde = f" SERDE {serde}" if serde else ""
    733            tags = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True, sep="")
    734            tags = f" TAGS {tags}" if tags else ""
    735
    736            return f"SET{serde}{exprs}{location}{file_format}{tags}"

def serdeproperties_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties) -> str: View Source

    738        def serdeproperties_sql(self, expression: exp.SerdeProperties) -> str:
    739            prefix = "WITH " if expression.args.get("with") else ""
    740            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    741
    742            return f"{prefix}SERDEPROPERTIES ({exprs})"

def exists_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Exists) -> str: View Source

    744        def exists_sql(self, expression: exp.Exists) -> str:
    745            if expression.expression:
    746                return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    747
    748            return super().exists_sql(expression)

def timetostr_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr) -> str: View Source

    750        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    751            this = expression.this
    752            if isinstance(this, exp.TimeStrToTime):
    753                this = this.this
    754
    755            return self.func("DATE_FORMAT", this, self.format_time(expression))

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
TRY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE = False

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
  IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
  SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL
  INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
  LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  LIMIT_IS_TOP
  RETURNING_END
  TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
  UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
  AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
  COLLATE_IS_FUNC
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  ENSURE_BOOLS
  CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
  UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP
  INSERT_OVERWRITE
  SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
  MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
  CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED
  COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  STAR_EXCEPT
  HEX_FUNC
  QUOTE_JSON_PATH
  SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS
  ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN
  SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE
  SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS
  ALTER_SET_TYPE
  ARRAY_SIZE_DIM_REQUIRED
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS
  TOKEN_MAPPING
  STRUCT_DELIMITER
  PARAMETER_TOKEN
  NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
  EXPRESSION_PRECEDES_PROPERTIES_CREATABLES
  RESERVED_KEYWORDS
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_parts
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  transformcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  createable_sql
  create_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  describe_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  drop_sql
  set_operation
  set_operations
  fetch_sql
  limitoptions_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  with_properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  partitionboundspec_sql
  partitionedofproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  withsystemversioningproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  introducer_sql
  kill_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  objectidentifier_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  historicaldata_sql
  table_parts
  table_sql
  tablefromrows_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  values_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  groupingsets_sql
  rollup_sql
  cube_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  connect_sql
  prior_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_op
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  escape_str
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  withfill_sql
  cluster_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognizemeasure_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  options_modifier
  queryoption_sql
  offset_limit_modifiers
  after_limit_modifiers
  select_sql
  schema_columns_sql
  star_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
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