sqlglot.dialects.presto API documentation

Edit on GitHub

# sqlglot.dialects.presto

View Source

      1from __future__ import annotations
      2
      3import typing as t
      4
      5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
      6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
      7    Dialect,
      8    NormalizationStrategy,
      9    binary_from_function,
     10    bool_xor_sql,
     11    date_trunc_to_time,
     12    datestrtodate_sql,
     13    encode_decode_sql,
     14    build_formatted_time,
     15    if_sql,
     16    left_to_substring_sql,
     17    no_ilike_sql,
     18    no_pivot_sql,
     19    no_safe_divide_sql,
     20    no_timestamp_sql,
     21    regexp_extract_sql,
     22    rename_func,
     23    right_to_substring_sql,
     24    sha256_sql,
     25    struct_extract_sql,
     26    str_position_sql,
     27    timestamptrunc_sql,
     28    timestrtotime_sql,
     29    ts_or_ds_add_cast,
     30    unit_to_str,
     31    sequence_sql,
     32    build_regexp_extract,
     33    explode_to_unnest_sql,
     34)
     35from sqlglot.dialects.hive import Hive
     36from sqlglot.dialects.mysql import MySQL
     37from sqlglot.helper import apply_index_offset, seq_get
     38from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
     39from sqlglot.transforms import unqualify_columns
     40from sqlglot.generator import unsupported_args
     41
     42DATE_ADD_OR_SUB = t.Union[exp.DateAdd, exp.TimestampAdd, exp.DateSub]
     43
     44
     45def _initcap_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Initcap) -> str:
     46    regex = r"(\w)(\w*)"
     47    return f"REGEXP_REPLACE({self.sql(expression, 'this')}, '{regex}', x -> UPPER(x[1]) || LOWER(x[2]))"
     48
     49
     50def _no_sort_array(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.SortArray) -> str:
     51    if expression.args.get("asc") == exp.false():
     52        comparator = "(a, b) -> CASE WHEN a < b THEN 1 WHEN a > b THEN -1 ELSE 0 END"
     53    else:
     54        comparator = None
     55    return self.func("ARRAY_SORT", expression.this, comparator)
     56
     57
     58def _schema_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Schema) -> str:
     59    if isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Property):
     60        columns = ", ".join(f"'{c.name}'" for c in expression.expressions)
     61        return f"ARRAY[{columns}]"
     62
     63    if expression.parent:
     64        for schema in expression.parent.find_all(exp.Schema):
     65            column_defs = schema.find_all(exp.ColumnDef)
     66            if column_defs and isinstance(schema.parent, exp.Property):
     67                expression.expressions.extend(column_defs)
     68
     69    return self.schema_sql(expression)
     70
     71
     72def _quantile_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Quantile) -> str:
     73    self.unsupported("Presto does not support exact quantiles")
     74    return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
     75
     76
     77def _str_to_time_sql(
     78    self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.StrToDate | exp.StrToTime | exp.TsOrDsToDate
     79) -> str:
     80    return self.func("DATE_PARSE", expression.this, self.format_time(expression))
     81
     82
     83def _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsToDate) -> str:
     84    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
     85    if time_format and time_format not in (Presto.TIME_FORMAT, Presto.DATE_FORMAT):
     86        return self.sql(exp.cast(_str_to_time_sql(self, expression), exp.DataType.Type.DATE))
     87    return self.sql(
     88        exp.cast(exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), exp.DataType.Type.DATE)
     89    )
     90
     91
     92def _ts_or_ds_add_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsAdd) -> str:
     93    expression = ts_or_ds_add_cast(expression)
     94    unit = unit_to_str(expression)
     95    return self.func("DATE_ADD", unit, expression.expression, expression.this)
     96
     97
     98def _ts_or_ds_diff_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsDiff) -> str:
     99    this = exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    100    expr = exp.cast(expression.expression, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    101    unit = unit_to_str(expression)
    102    return self.func("DATE_DIFF", unit, expr, this)
    103
    104
    105def _build_approx_percentile(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
    106    if len(args) == 4:
    107        return exp.ApproxQuantile(
    108            this=seq_get(args, 0),
    109            weight=seq_get(args, 1),
    110            quantile=seq_get(args, 2),
    111            accuracy=seq_get(args, 3),
    112        )
    113    if len(args) == 3:
    114        return exp.ApproxQuantile(
    115            this=seq_get(args, 0), quantile=seq_get(args, 1), accuracy=seq_get(args, 2)
    116        )
    117    return exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list(args)
    118
    119
    120def _build_from_unixtime(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
    121    if len(args) == 3:
    122        return exp.UnixToTime(
    123            this=seq_get(args, 0),
    124            hours=seq_get(args, 1),
    125            minutes=seq_get(args, 2),
    126        )
    127    if len(args) == 2:
    128        return exp.UnixToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0), zone=seq_get(args, 1))
    129
    130    return exp.UnixToTime.from_arg_list(args)
    131
    132
    133def _first_last_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Func) -> str:
    134    """
    135    Trino doesn't support FIRST / LAST as functions, but they're valid in the context
    136    of MATCH_RECOGNIZE, so we need to preserve them in that case. In all other cases
    137    they're converted into an ARBITRARY call.
    138
    139    Reference: https://trino.io/docs/current/sql/match-recognize.html#logical-navigation-functions
    140    """
    141    if isinstance(expression.find_ancestor(exp.MatchRecognize, exp.Select), exp.MatchRecognize):
    142        return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    143
    144    return rename_func("ARBITRARY")(self, expression)
    145
    146
    147def _unix_to_time_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.UnixToTime) -> str:
    148    scale = expression.args.get("scale")
    149    timestamp = self.sql(expression, "this")
    150    if scale in (None, exp.UnixToTime.SECONDS):
    151        return rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME")(self, expression)
    152
    153    return f"FROM_UNIXTIME(CAST({timestamp} AS DOUBLE) / POW(10, {scale}))"
    154
    155
    156def _to_int(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
    157    if not expression.type:
    158        from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    159
    160        annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    161    if expression.type and expression.type.this not in exp.DataType.INTEGER_TYPES:
    162        return exp.cast(expression, to=exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT)
    163    return expression
    164
    165
    166def _build_to_char(args: t.List) -> exp.TimeToStr:
    167    fmt = seq_get(args, 1)
    168    if isinstance(fmt, exp.Literal):
    169        # We uppercase this to match Teradata's format mapping keys
    170        fmt.set("this", fmt.this.upper())
    171
    172    # We use "teradata" on purpose here, because the time formats are different in Presto.
    173    # See https://prestodb.io/docs/current/functions/teradata.html?highlight=to_char#to_char
    174    return build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "teradata")(args)
    175
    176
    177def _date_delta_sql(
    178    name: str, negate_interval: bool = False
    179) -> t.Callable[[Presto.Generator, DATE_ADD_OR_SUB], str]:
    180    def _delta_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: DATE_ADD_OR_SUB) -> str:
    181        interval = _to_int(self, expression.expression)
    182        return self.func(
    183            name,
    184            unit_to_str(expression),
    185            interval * (-1) if negate_interval else interval,
    186            expression.this,
    187        )
    188
    189    return _delta_sql
    190
    191
    192class Presto(Dialect):
    193    INDEX_OFFSET = 1
    194    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_last"
    195    TIME_FORMAT = MySQL.TIME_FORMAT
    196    STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True
    197    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
    198    TYPED_DIVISION = True
    199    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
    200    LOG_BASE_FIRST: t.Optional[bool] = None
    201
    202    TIME_MAPPING = MySQL.TIME_MAPPING
    203
    204    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/17
    205    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/12289
    206    # https://github.com/prestodb/presto/issues/2863
    207    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
    208
    209    # The result of certain math functions in Presto/Trino is of type
    210    # equal to the input type e.g: FLOOR(5.5/2) -> DECIMAL, FLOOR(5/2) -> BIGINT
    211    ANNOTATORS = {
    212        **Dialect.ANNOTATORS,
    213        exp.Floor: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    214        exp.Ceil: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    215        exp.Mod: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this", "expression"),
    216        exp.Round: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    217        exp.Sign: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    218        exp.Abs: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    219        exp.Rand: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this")
    220        if e.this
    221        else self._set_type(e, exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE),
    222    }
    223
    224    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    225        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
    226            (prefix + q, q)
    227            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
    228            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
    229        ]
    230
    231        KEYWORDS = {
    232            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    233            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    234            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    235            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    236            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
    237            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
    238            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
    239            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
    240        }
    241        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    242        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")
    243
    244    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    245        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    246
    247        FUNCTIONS = {
    248            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    249            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
    250            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    251            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
    252            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
    253            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    254            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
    255            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    256            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    257            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    258            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    259                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    260            ),
    261            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    262                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    263            ),
    264            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    265            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    266            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    267            "DAY_OF_WEEK": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    268            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
    269                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
    270            ),
    271            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    272            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
    273            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    274                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    275            ),
    276            "LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE": exp.Levenshtein.from_arg_list,
    277            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    278            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    279            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    280            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
    281                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    282                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    283                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
    284            ),
    285            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
    286            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    287            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    288            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
    289            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    290                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), instance=seq_get(args, 2)
    291            ),
    292            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
    293            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    294            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    295                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    296            ),
    297            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
    298            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
    299            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
    300        }
    301
    302        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    303        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    304
    305    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    306        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    307        JOIN_HINTS = False
    308        TABLE_HINTS = False
    309        QUERY_HINTS = False
    310        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
    311        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
    312        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    313        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    314        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    315        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
    316        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
    317        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
    318        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    319        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
    320        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
    321        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    322        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    323        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    324        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "CARDINALITY"
    325
    326        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    327            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    328            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    329            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    330        }
    331
    332        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    333            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    334            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    335            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    336            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    337            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
    338            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    339            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
    340            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    341            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    342            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    343            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    344            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    345            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
    346        }
    347
    348        TRANSFORMS = {
    349            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    350            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
    351            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    352            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    353            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    354            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    355            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
    356            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    357            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    358            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
    359            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
    360            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
    361            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
    362            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    363                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
    364            ),
    365            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
    366            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
    367            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    368                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
    369            ),
    370            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
    371            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    372            exp.CurrentTime: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIME",
    373            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    374            exp.DateAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    375            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    376                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
    377            ),
    378            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    379            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    380            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    381            exp.DateSub: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD", negate_interval=True),
    382            exp.DayOfWeek: lambda self, e: f"(({self.func('DAY_OF_WEEK', e.this)} % 7) + 1)",
    383            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAY_OF_WEEK"),
    384            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
    385            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    386            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
    387            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
    388            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
    389            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
    390            exp.FirstValue: _first_last_sql,
    391            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
    392            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
    393            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    394            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    395            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    396            exp.If: if_sql(),
    397            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    398            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    399            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.jsonextract_sql(e),
    400            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
    401            exp.LastValue: _first_last_sql,
    402            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
    403            exp.Lateral: explode_to_unnest_sql,
    404            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    405            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    406                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE")
    407            ),
    408            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    409            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    410            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
    411            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    412            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    413            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    414            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    415            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
    416            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    417            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    418            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    419                [
    420                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    421                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    422                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(1),
    423                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    424                ]
    425            ),
    426            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    427            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: str_position_sql(self, e, generate_instance=True),
    428            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    429            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
    430            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    431            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    432            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    433            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    434            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    435            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    436            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    437            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    438            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
    439                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
    440            ),
    441            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    442            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    443            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    444            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    445            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    446            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    447            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    448            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    449            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    450            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    451            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
    452            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    453            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    454            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
    455            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    456            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    457            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
    458            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
    459                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
    460            ),
    461            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
    462            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
    463            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    464            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    465        }
    466
    467        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    468            "alter",
    469            "and",
    470            "as",
    471            "between",
    472            "by",
    473            "case",
    474            "cast",
    475            "constraint",
    476            "create",
    477            "cross",
    478            "current_time",
    479            "current_timestamp",
    480            "deallocate",
    481            "delete",
    482            "describe",
    483            "distinct",
    484            "drop",
    485            "else",
    486            "end",
    487            "escape",
    488            "except",
    489            "execute",
    490            "exists",
    491            "extract",
    492            "false",
    493            "for",
    494            "from",
    495            "full",
    496            "group",
    497            "having",
    498            "in",
    499            "inner",
    500            "insert",
    501            "intersect",
    502            "into",
    503            "is",
    504            "join",
    505            "left",
    506            "like",
    507            "natural",
    508            "not",
    509            "null",
    510            "on",
    511            "or",
    512            "order",
    513            "outer",
    514            "prepare",
    515            "right",
    516            "select",
    517            "table",
    518            "then",
    519            "true",
    520            "union",
    521            "using",
    522            "values",
    523            "when",
    524            "where",
    525            "with",
    526        }
    527
    528        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    529            this = expression.this
    530
    531            if not this.type:
    532                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    533
    534                this = annotate_types(this)
    535
    536            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    537                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    538
    539            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))
    540
    541        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    542            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    543            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    544            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    545            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    546            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    547            this = expression.this
    548            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    549            value_as_timestamp = (
    550                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    551            )
    552
    553            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    554
    555            formatted_value = self.func(
    556                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    557            )
    558            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    559                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    560                formatted_value,
    561                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    562            )
    563            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    564            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
    565
    566        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    567            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    568                return self.func(
    569                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    570                    expression.this,
    571                    seq_get(
    572                        apply_index_offset(
    573                            expression.this,
    574                            expression.expressions,
    575                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    576                        ),
    577                        0,
    578                    ),
    579                )
    580            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
    581
    582        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    583            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    584
    585            expression = annotate_types(expression)
    586            values: t.List[str] = []
    587            schema: t.List[str] = []
    588            unknown_type = False
    589
    590            for e in expression.expressions:
    591                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    592                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    593                        unknown_type = True
    594                    else:
    595                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    596                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    597                else:
    598                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    599
    600            size = len(expression.expressions)
    601
    602            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    603                if unknown_type:
    604                    self.unsupported(
    605                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    606                    )
    607                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    608            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
    609
    610        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    611            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    612                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    613            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    614
    615        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    616            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    617            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    618            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
    619
    620        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    621            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    622        ) -> t.List[str]:
    623            return [
    624                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    625                self.sql(limit),
    626            ]
    627
    628        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    629            """
    630            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    631            so we need to remove them
    632            """
    633            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    634            schema = expression.this
    635            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    636                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    637            return super().create_sql(expression)
    638
    639        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    640            """
    641            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    642            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    643            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    644            """
    645            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    646            if len(tables) > 1:
    647                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    648
    649            table = tables[0]
    650            expression.set("this", table)
    651            expression.set("tables", None)
    652
    653            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    654                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    655                if table_alias:
    656                    table_alias.pop()
    657                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    658
    659            return super().delete_sql(expression)
    660
    661        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    662            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    663
    664            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    665            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    666            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    667                return self.func(
    668                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    669                )
    670
    671            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    672
    673            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    674            segments = []
    675            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    676                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    677                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    678                    self.unsupported(
    679                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    680                    )
    681                    continue
    682                key = path_key.this
    683                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    684                    key = f'"{key}"'
    685                segments.append(f".{key}")
    686
    687            expr = "".join(segments)
    688
    689            return f"{this}{expr}"
    690
    691        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    692            return self.func(
    693                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    694                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    695                expression.args.get("separator"),
    696            )

DATE_ADD_OR_SUB = typing.Union[sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd, sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd, sqlglot.expressions.DateSub]
class Presto(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

    193class Presto(Dialect):
    194    INDEX_OFFSET = 1
    195    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_last"
    196    TIME_FORMAT = MySQL.TIME_FORMAT
    197    STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True
    198    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
    199    TYPED_DIVISION = True
    200    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
    201    LOG_BASE_FIRST: t.Optional[bool] = None
    202
    203    TIME_MAPPING = MySQL.TIME_MAPPING
    204
    205    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/17
    206    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/12289
    207    # https://github.com/prestodb/presto/issues/2863
    208    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
    209
    210    # The result of certain math functions in Presto/Trino is of type
    211    # equal to the input type e.g: FLOOR(5.5/2) -> DECIMAL, FLOOR(5/2) -> BIGINT
    212    ANNOTATORS = {
    213        **Dialect.ANNOTATORS,
    214        exp.Floor: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    215        exp.Ceil: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    216        exp.Mod: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this", "expression"),
    217        exp.Round: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    218        exp.Sign: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    219        exp.Abs: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    220        exp.Rand: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this")
    221        if e.this
    222        else self._set_type(e, exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE),
    223    }
    224
    225    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    226        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
    227            (prefix + q, q)
    228            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
    229            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
    230        ]
    231
    232        KEYWORDS = {
    233            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    234            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    235            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    236            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    237            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
    238            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
    239            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
    240            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
    241        }
    242        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    243        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")
    244
    245    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    246        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    247
    248        FUNCTIONS = {
    249            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    250            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
    251            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    252            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
    253            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
    254            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    255            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
    256            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    257            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    258            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    259            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    260                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    261            ),
    262            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    263                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    264            ),
    265            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    266            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    267            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    268            "DAY_OF_WEEK": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    269            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
    270                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
    271            ),
    272            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    273            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
    274            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    275                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    276            ),
    277            "LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE": exp.Levenshtein.from_arg_list,
    278            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    279            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    280            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    281            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
    282                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    283                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    284                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
    285            ),
    286            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
    287            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    288            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    289            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
    290            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    291                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), instance=seq_get(args, 2)
    292            ),
    293            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
    294            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    295            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    296                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    297            ),
    298            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
    299            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
    300            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
    301        }
    302
    303        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    304        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    305
    306    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    307        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    308        JOIN_HINTS = False
    309        TABLE_HINTS = False
    310        QUERY_HINTS = False
    311        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
    312        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
    313        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    314        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    315        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    316        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
    317        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
    318        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
    319        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    320        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
    321        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
    322        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    323        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    324        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    325        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "CARDINALITY"
    326
    327        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    328            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    329            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    330            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    331        }
    332
    333        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    334            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    335            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    336            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    337            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    338            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
    339            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    340            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
    341            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    342            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    343            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    344            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    345            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    346            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
    347        }
    348
    349        TRANSFORMS = {
    350            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    351            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
    352            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    353            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    354            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    355            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    356            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
    357            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    358            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    359            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
    360            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
    361            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
    362            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
    363            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    364                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
    365            ),
    366            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
    367            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
    368            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    369                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
    370            ),
    371            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
    372            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    373            exp.CurrentTime: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIME",
    374            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    375            exp.DateAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    376            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    377                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
    378            ),
    379            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    380            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    381            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    382            exp.DateSub: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD", negate_interval=True),
    383            exp.DayOfWeek: lambda self, e: f"(({self.func('DAY_OF_WEEK', e.this)} % 7) + 1)",
    384            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAY_OF_WEEK"),
    385            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
    386            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    387            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
    388            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
    389            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
    390            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
    391            exp.FirstValue: _first_last_sql,
    392            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
    393            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
    394            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    395            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    396            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    397            exp.If: if_sql(),
    398            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    399            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    400            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.jsonextract_sql(e),
    401            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
    402            exp.LastValue: _first_last_sql,
    403            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
    404            exp.Lateral: explode_to_unnest_sql,
    405            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    406            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    407                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE")
    408            ),
    409            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    410            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    411            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
    412            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    413            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    414            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    415            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    416            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
    417            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    418            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    419            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    420                [
    421                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    422                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    423                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(1),
    424                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    425                ]
    426            ),
    427            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    428            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: str_position_sql(self, e, generate_instance=True),
    429            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    430            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
    431            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    432            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    433            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    434            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    435            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    436            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    437            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    438            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    439            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
    440                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
    441            ),
    442            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    443            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    444            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    445            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    446            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    447            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    448            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    449            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    450            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    451            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    452            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
    453            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    454            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    455            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
    456            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    457            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    458            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
    459            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
    460                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
    461            ),
    462            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
    463            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
    464            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    465            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    466        }
    467
    468        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    469            "alter",
    470            "and",
    471            "as",
    472            "between",
    473            "by",
    474            "case",
    475            "cast",
    476            "constraint",
    477            "create",
    478            "cross",
    479            "current_time",
    480            "current_timestamp",
    481            "deallocate",
    482            "delete",
    483            "describe",
    484            "distinct",
    485            "drop",
    486            "else",
    487            "end",
    488            "escape",
    489            "except",
    490            "execute",
    491            "exists",
    492            "extract",
    493            "false",
    494            "for",
    495            "from",
    496            "full",
    497            "group",
    498            "having",
    499            "in",
    500            "inner",
    501            "insert",
    502            "intersect",
    503            "into",
    504            "is",
    505            "join",
    506            "left",
    507            "like",
    508            "natural",
    509            "not",
    510            "null",
    511            "on",
    512            "or",
    513            "order",
    514            "outer",
    515            "prepare",
    516            "right",
    517            "select",
    518            "table",
    519            "then",
    520            "true",
    521            "union",
    522            "using",
    523            "values",
    524            "when",
    525            "where",
    526            "with",
    527        }
    528
    529        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    530            this = expression.this
    531
    532            if not this.type:
    533                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    534
    535                this = annotate_types(this)
    536
    537            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    538                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    539
    540            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))
    541
    542        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    543            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    544            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    545            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    546            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    547            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    548            this = expression.this
    549            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    550            value_as_timestamp = (
    551                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    552            )
    553
    554            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    555
    556            formatted_value = self.func(
    557                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    558            )
    559            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    560                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    561                formatted_value,
    562                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    563            )
    564            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    565            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
    566
    567        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    568            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    569                return self.func(
    570                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    571                    expression.this,
    572                    seq_get(
    573                        apply_index_offset(
    574                            expression.this,
    575                            expression.expressions,
    576                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    577                        ),
    578                        0,
    579                    ),
    580                )
    581            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
    582
    583        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    584            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    585
    586            expression = annotate_types(expression)
    587            values: t.List[str] = []
    588            schema: t.List[str] = []
    589            unknown_type = False
    590
    591            for e in expression.expressions:
    592                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    593                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    594                        unknown_type = True
    595                    else:
    596                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    597                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    598                else:
    599                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    600
    601            size = len(expression.expressions)
    602
    603            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    604                if unknown_type:
    605                    self.unsupported(
    606                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    607                    )
    608                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    609            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
    610
    611        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    612            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    613                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    614            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    615
    616        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    617            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    618            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    619            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
    620
    621        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    622            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    623        ) -> t.List[str]:
    624            return [
    625                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    626                self.sql(limit),
    627            ]
    628
    629        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    630            """
    631            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    632            so we need to remove them
    633            """
    634            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    635            schema = expression.this
    636            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    637                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    638            return super().create_sql(expression)
    639
    640        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    641            """
    642            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    643            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    644            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    645            """
    646            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    647            if len(tables) > 1:
    648                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    649
    650            table = tables[0]
    651            expression.set("this", table)
    652            expression.set("tables", None)
    653
    654            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    655                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    656                if table_alias:
    657                    table_alias.pop()
    658                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    659
    660            return super().delete_sql(expression)
    661
    662        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    663            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    664
    665            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    666            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    667            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    668                return self.func(
    669                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    670                )
    671
    672            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    673
    674            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    675            segments = []
    676            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    677                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    678                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    679                    self.unsupported(
    680                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    681                    )
    682                    continue
    683                key = path_key.this
    684                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    685                    key = f'"{key}"'
    686                segments.append(f".{key}")
    687
    688            expr = "".join(segments)
    689
    690            return f"{this}{expr}"
    691
    692        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    693            return self.func(
    694                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    695                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    696                expression.args.get("separator"),
    697            )

INDEX_OFFSET = 1

The base index offset for arrays.

NULL_ORDERING = 'nulls_are_last'

Default `NULL` ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Possible values: `"nulls_are_small"`, `"nulls_are_large"`, `"nulls_are_last"`

TIME_FORMAT = "'%Y-%m-%d %T'"
STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True

Whether `CONCAT`'s arguments must be strings.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether `SEMI` or `ANTI` joins are supported.

TYPED_DIVISION = True

Whether the behavior of `a / b` depends on the types of `a` and `b`. False means `a / b` is always float division. True means `a / b` is integer division if both `a` and `b` are integers.

TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True

Whether a size in the table sample clause represents percentage.

LOG_BASE_FIRST: Optional[bool] = None

Whether the base comes first in the `LOG` function. Possible values: `True`, `False`, `None` (two arguments are not supported by `LOG`)

TIME_MAPPING = {'%M': '%B', '%c': '%-m', '%e': '%-d', '%h': '%I', '%i': '%M', '%s': '%S', '%u': '%W', '%k': '%-H', '%l': '%-I', '%T': '%H:%M:%S', '%W': '%A'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE: 'CASE_INSENSITIVE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

ANNOTATORS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Alias'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseNot'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Neg'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Not'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Paren'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAlias'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unary'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Add'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Binary'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseAnd'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Connector'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DPipe'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Distance'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Div'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Dot'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Escape'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GT'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GTE'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Glob'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILikeAny'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntDiv'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Is'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Kwarg'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LT'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LTE'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Like'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeAny'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Mod'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Mul'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NullSafeEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NullSafeNEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlaps'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PropertyEQ'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SimilarTo'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Slice'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sub'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Between'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Boolean'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.In'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToTimeStr'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDateStr'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConcatWs'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Concat'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDateStr'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>: <function _annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Anonymous'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Bracket'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataType'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateTrunc'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Distinct'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Filter'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateDateArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Interval'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Literal'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Null'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unnest'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>}
SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

tokenizer_class = <class 'Presto.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Presto.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Presto.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'M': {0: True}, 'c': {0: True}, 'e': {0: True}, 'h': {0: True}, 'i': {0: True}, 's': {0: True}, 'u': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}, 'l': {0: True}, 'T': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'M': {0: True}, 'c': {0: True}, 'e': {0: True}, 'h': {0: True}, 'i': {0: True}, 's': {0: True}, 'u': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}, 'l': {0: True}, 'T': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%B': '%M', '%-m': '%c', '%-d': '%e', '%I': '%h', '%M': '%i', '%S': '%s', '%W': '%u', '%-H': '%k', '%-I': '%l', '%H:%M:%S': '%T', '%A': '%W'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'B': {0: True}, '-': {'m': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}, 'H': {':': {'%': {'M': {':': {'%': {'S': {0: True}}}}}}}, 'A': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '"'
IDENTIFIER_END = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = None
HEX_END: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = "U&'"
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = "'"

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect
  Dialect
  WEEK_OFFSET
  UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY
  ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE
  IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT
  DPIPE_IS_STRING_CONCAT
  SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES
  COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV
  NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS
  SAFE_DIVISION
  CONCAT_COALESCE
  HEX_LOWERCASE
  DATE_FORMAT
  DATEINT_FORMAT
  FORMAT_MAPPING
  UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES
  PSEUDOCOLUMNS
  PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN
  FORCE_EARLY_ALIAS_REF_EXPANSION
  EXPAND_ALIAS_REFS_EARLY_ONLY_IN_GROUP_BY
  SUPPORTS_ORDER_BY_ALL
  HAS_DISTINCT_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  SUPPORTS_FIXED_SIZE_ARRAYS
  STRICT_JSON_PATH_SYNTAX
  ON_CONDITION_EMPTY_BEFORE_ERROR
  ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS
  REGEXP_EXTRACT_DEFAULT_GROUP
  SET_OP_DISTINCT_BY_DEFAULT
  CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING
  DATE_PART_MAPPING
  TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS
  get_or_raise
  format_time
  settings
  normalize_identifier
  case_sensitive
  can_identify
  quote_identifier
  to_json_path
  parse
  parse_into
  generate
  transpile
  tokenize
  tokenizer
  jsonpath_tokenizer
  parser
  generator

class Presto.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    225    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    226        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
    227            (prefix + q, q)
    228            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
    229            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
    230        ]
    231
    232        KEYWORDS = {
    233            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    234            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    235            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    236            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    237            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
    238            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
    239            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
    240            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
    241        }
    242        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    243        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")

UNICODE_STRINGS = [("U&'", "'"), ("u&'", "'")]
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'START': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'IPADDRESS': <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, 'IPPREFIX': <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, 'TDIGEST': <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, 'HYPERLOGLOG': <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  SINGLE_TOKENS
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEX_STRINGS
  RAW_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  QUOTES
  STRING_ESCAPES
  VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  NESTED_COMMENTS
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMANDS
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  COMMENTS
  dialect
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class Presto.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    245    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    246        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    247
    248        FUNCTIONS = {
    249            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    250            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
    251            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    252            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
    253            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
    254            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    255            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
    256            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    257            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    258            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    259            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    260                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    261            ),
    262            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    263                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    264            ),
    265            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    266            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    267            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    268            "DAY_OF_WEEK": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    269            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
    270                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
    271            ),
    272            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    273            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
    274            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    275                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    276            ),
    277            "LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE": exp.Levenshtein.from_arg_list,
    278            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    279            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    280            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    281            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
    282                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    283                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    284                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
    285            ),
    286            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
    287            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    288            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    289            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
    290            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    291                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), instance=seq_get(args, 2)
    292            ),
    293            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
    294            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    295            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    296                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    297            ),
    298            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
    299            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
    300            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
    301        }
    302
    303        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    304        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>>, 'DATE_ADD': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATEDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_DIFF': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function date_trunc_to_time>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK_ISO': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'ISODOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exists'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXPLODING_GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodingGenerateSeries'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Flatten'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'FROM_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromISO8601Timestamp'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'INLINE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Inline'>>, 'INT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExists'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'J_S_O_N_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExists'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'J_S_O_N_EXTRACT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'J_S_O_N_VALUE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAKE_INTERVAL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MEDIAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Median'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NORMALIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Normalize'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OBJECT_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ObjectInsert'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'OVERLAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlay'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <function build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL': <function build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SPLIT_PART': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <function _build_to_char>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber'>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_SECONDS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WHEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.When'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'ARBITRARY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_PERCENTILE': <function _build_approx_percentile>, 'BITWISE_AND': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_NOT': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_OR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_XOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'CARDINALITY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'DATE_FORMAT': <function build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_PARSE': <function build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'ELEMENT_AT': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'FROM_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'FROM_UNIXTIME': <function _build_from_unixtime>, 'FROM_UTF8': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'NOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'ROW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'SEQUENCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'SET_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'SPLIT_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STRPOS': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_UNIXTIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TO_UTF8': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHA256': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHA512': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NORMALIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OVERLAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>}
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ALTERABLES
  INTERVAL_VARS
  ALIAS_TOKENS
  ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  ASSIGNMENT
  DISJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  TIMESTAMPS
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  LAMBDAS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  STATEMENT_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  RANGE_PARSERS
  PROPERTY_PARSERS
  CONSTRAINT_PARSERS
  ALTER_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  SHOW_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  TYPE_CONVERTERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
  PROCEDURE_OPTIONS
  EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
  KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  NULL_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
  IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
  ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
  ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
  PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  DESCRIBE_STYLES
  OPERATION_MODIFIERS
  STRICT_CAST
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
  LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
  ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD
  SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  STRING_ALIASES
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT
  SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  errors
  sql

class Presto.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

    306    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    307        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    308        JOIN_HINTS = False
    309        TABLE_HINTS = False
    310        QUERY_HINTS = False
    311        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
    312        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
    313        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    314        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    315        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    316        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
    317        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
    318        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
    319        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    320        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
    321        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
    322        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    323        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    324        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    325        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "CARDINALITY"
    326
    327        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    328            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    329            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    330            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    331        }
    332
    333        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    334            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    335            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    336            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    337            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    338            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
    339            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    340            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
    341            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    342            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    343            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    344            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    345            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    346            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
    347        }
    348
    349        TRANSFORMS = {
    350            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    351            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
    352            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    353            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    354            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    355            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    356            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
    357            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    358            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    359            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
    360            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
    361            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
    362            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
    363            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    364                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
    365            ),
    366            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
    367            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
    368            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    369                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
    370            ),
    371            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
    372            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    373            exp.CurrentTime: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIME",
    374            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    375            exp.DateAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    376            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    377                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
    378            ),
    379            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    380            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    381            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    382            exp.DateSub: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD", negate_interval=True),
    383            exp.DayOfWeek: lambda self, e: f"(({self.func('DAY_OF_WEEK', e.this)} % 7) + 1)",
    384            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAY_OF_WEEK"),
    385            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
    386            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    387            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
    388            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
    389            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
    390            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
    391            exp.FirstValue: _first_last_sql,
    392            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
    393            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
    394            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    395            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    396            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    397            exp.If: if_sql(),
    398            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    399            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    400            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.jsonextract_sql(e),
    401            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
    402            exp.LastValue: _first_last_sql,
    403            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
    404            exp.Lateral: explode_to_unnest_sql,
    405            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    406            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    407                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE")
    408            ),
    409            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    410            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    411            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
    412            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    413            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    414            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    415            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    416            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
    417            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    418            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    419            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    420                [
    421                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    422                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    423                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(1),
    424                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    425                ]
    426            ),
    427            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    428            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: str_position_sql(self, e, generate_instance=True),
    429            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    430            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
    431            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    432            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    433            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    434            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    435            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    436            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    437            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    438            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    439            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
    440                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
    441            ),
    442            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    443            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    444            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    445            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    446            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    447            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    448            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    449            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    450            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    451            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    452            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
    453            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    454            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    455            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
    456            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    457            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    458            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
    459            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
    460                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
    461            ),
    462            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
    463            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
    464            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    465            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    466        }
    467
    468        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    469            "alter",
    470            "and",
    471            "as",
    472            "between",
    473            "by",
    474            "case",
    475            "cast",
    476            "constraint",
    477            "create",
    478            "cross",
    479            "current_time",
    480            "current_timestamp",
    481            "deallocate",
    482            "delete",
    483            "describe",
    484            "distinct",
    485            "drop",
    486            "else",
    487            "end",
    488            "escape",
    489            "except",
    490            "execute",
    491            "exists",
    492            "extract",
    493            "false",
    494            "for",
    495            "from",
    496            "full",
    497            "group",
    498            "having",
    499            "in",
    500            "inner",
    501            "insert",
    502            "intersect",
    503            "into",
    504            "is",
    505            "join",
    506            "left",
    507            "like",
    508            "natural",
    509            "not",
    510            "null",
    511            "on",
    512            "or",
    513            "order",
    514            "outer",
    515            "prepare",
    516            "right",
    517            "select",
    518            "table",
    519            "then",
    520            "true",
    521            "union",
    522            "using",
    523            "values",
    524            "when",
    525            "where",
    526            "with",
    527        }
    528
    529        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    530            this = expression.this
    531
    532            if not this.type:
    533                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    534
    535                this = annotate_types(this)
    536
    537            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    538                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    539
    540            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))
    541
    542        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    543            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    544            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    545            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    546            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    547            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    548            this = expression.this
    549            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    550            value_as_timestamp = (
    551                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    552            )
    553
    554            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    555
    556            formatted_value = self.func(
    557                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    558            )
    559            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    560                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    561                formatted_value,
    562                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    563            )
    564            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    565            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
    566
    567        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    568            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    569                return self.func(
    570                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    571                    expression.this,
    572                    seq_get(
    573                        apply_index_offset(
    574                            expression.this,
    575                            expression.expressions,
    576                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    577                        ),
    578                        0,
    579                    ),
    580                )
    581            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
    582
    583        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    584            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    585
    586            expression = annotate_types(expression)
    587            values: t.List[str] = []
    588            schema: t.List[str] = []
    589            unknown_type = False
    590
    591            for e in expression.expressions:
    592                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    593                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    594                        unknown_type = True
    595                    else:
    596                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    597                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    598                else:
    599                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    600
    601            size = len(expression.expressions)
    602
    603            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    604                if unknown_type:
    605                    self.unsupported(
    606                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    607                    )
    608                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    609            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
    610
    611        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    612            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    613                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    614            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    615
    616        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    617            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    618            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    619            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
    620
    621        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    622            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    623        ) -> t.List[str]:
    624            return [
    625                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    626                self.sql(limit),
    627            ]
    628
    629        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    630            """
    631            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    632            so we need to remove them
    633            """
    634            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    635            schema = expression.this
    636            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    637                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    638            return super().create_sql(expression)
    639
    640        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    641            """
    642            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    643            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    644            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    645            """
    646            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    647            if len(tables) > 1:
    648                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    649
    650            table = tables[0]
    651            expression.set("this", table)
    652            expression.set("tables", None)
    653
    654            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    655                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    656                if table_alias:
    657                    table_alias.pop()
    658                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    659
    660            return super().delete_sql(expression)
    661
    662        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    663            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    664
    665            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    666            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    667            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    668                return self.func(
    669                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    670                )
    671
    672            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    673
    674            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    675            segments = []
    676            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    677                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    678                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    679                    self.unsupported(
    680                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    681                    )
    682                    continue
    683                key = path_key.this
    684                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    685                    key = f'"{key}"'
    686                segments.append(f".{key}")
    687
    688            expr = "".join(segments)
    689
    690            return f"{this}{expr}"
    691
    692        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    693            return self.func(
    694                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    695                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    696                expression.args.get("separator"),
    697            )

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
STRUCT_DELIMITER = ('(', ')')
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
HEX_FUNC = 'TO_HEX'
PARSE_JSON_NAME = 'JSON_PARSE'
PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = 'CARDINALITY'
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.BINARY: 'BINARY'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.BIT: 'BIT'>: 'BOOLEAN', <Type.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>: 'REAL', <Type.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>: 'HYPERLOGLOG', <Type.INT: 'INT'>: 'INTEGER', <Type.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>: 'ROW', <Type.TEXT: 'TEXT'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>: 'TIME'}
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathFilter'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRecursive'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathScript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSelector'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSlice'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathUnion'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathWildcard'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TagColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseAnd'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseNot'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function _date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function _date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function sequence_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateDateArray'>: <function sequence_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Group'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function no_ilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>: <function _initcap_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lateral'>: <function explode_to_unnest_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>: <function left_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function no_pivot_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>: <function _quantile_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function regexp_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtractAll'>: <function regexp_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>: <function right_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>: <function no_safe_divide_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Schema'>: <function _schema_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>: <function _no_sort_array>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function _str_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>: <function struct_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Table'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function no_timestamp_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function _date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql.<locals>._timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function _ts_or_ds_add_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function _ts_or_ds_diff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function _unix_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.With'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithinGroup'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function bool_xor_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>: <function sha256_sql>}
RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {'with', 'using', 'for', 'intersect', 'prepare', 'delete', 'escape', 'by', 'current_timestamp', 'where', 'except', 'false', 'order', 'like', 'drop', 'deallocate', 'else', 'extract', 'full', 'as', 'outer', 'join', 'cast', 'on', 'into', 'inner', 'insert', 'natural', 'having', 'create', 'or', 'right', 'current_time', 'true', 'exists', 'is', 'case', 'table', 'distinct', 'from', 'then', 'constraint', 'not', 'when', 'alter', 'execute', 'group', 'in', 'values', 'and', 'end', 'cross', 'select', 'union', 'between', 'left', 'describe', 'null'}
def md5_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.MD5) -> str: View Source

    529        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    530            this = expression.this
    531
    532            if not this.type:
    533                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    534
    535                this = annotate_types(this)
    536
    537            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    538                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    539
    540            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))

def strtounix_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix) -> str: View Source

    542        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    543            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    544            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    545            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    546            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    547            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    548            this = expression.this
    549            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    550            value_as_timestamp = (
    551                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    552            )
    553
    554            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    555
    556            formatted_value = self.func(
    557                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    558            )
    559            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    560                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    561                formatted_value,
    562                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    563            )
    564            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    565            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)

def bracket_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Bracket) -> str: View Source

    567        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    568            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    569                return self.func(
    570                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    571                    expression.this,
    572                    seq_get(
    573                        apply_index_offset(
    574                            expression.this,
    575                            expression.expressions,
    576                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    577                        ),
    578                        0,
    579                    ),
    580                )
    581            return super().bracket_sql(expression)

def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str: View Source

    583        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    584            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    585
    586            expression = annotate_types(expression)
    587            values: t.List[str] = []
    588            schema: t.List[str] = []
    589            unknown_type = False
    590
    591            for e in expression.expressions:
    592                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    593                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    594                        unknown_type = True
    595                    else:
    596                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    597                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    598                else:
    599                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    600
    601            size = len(expression.expressions)
    602
    603            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    604                if unknown_type:
    605                    self.unsupported(
    606                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    607                    )
    608                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    609            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"

def interval_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Interval) -> str: View Source

    611        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    612            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    613                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    614            return super().interval_sql(expression)

def transaction_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Transaction) -> str: View Source

    616        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    617            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    618            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    619            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"

def offset_limit_modifiers( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: Union[sqlglot.expressions.Fetch, sqlglot.expressions.Limit, NoneType]) -> List[str]: View Source

    621        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    622            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    623        ) -> t.List[str]:
    624            return [
    625                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    626                self.sql(limit),
    627            ]

def create_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Create) -> str: View Source

    629        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    630            """
    631            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    632            so we need to remove them
    633            """
    634            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    635            schema = expression.this
    636            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    637                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    638            return super().create_sql(expression)

Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression), so we need to remove them

def delete_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Delete) -> str: View Source

    640        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    641            """
    642            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    643            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    644            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    645            """
    646            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    647            if len(tables) > 1:
    648                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    649
    650            table = tables[0]
    651            expression.set("this", table)
    652            expression.set("tables", None)
    653
    654            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    655                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    656                if table_alias:
    657                    table_alias.pop()
    658                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    659
    660            return super().delete_sql(expression)

Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.

def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract) -> str: View Source

    662        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    663            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    664
    665            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    666            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    667            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    668                return self.func(
    669                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    670                )
    671
    672            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    673
    674            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    675            segments = []
    676            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    677                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    678                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    679                    self.unsupported(
    680                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    681                    )
    682                    continue
    683                key = path_key.this
    684                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    685                    key = f'"{key}"'
    686                segments.append(f".{key}")
    687
    688            expr = "".join(segments)
    689
    690            return f"{this}{expr}"

def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat) -> str: View Source

    692        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    693            return self.func(
    694                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    695                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    696                expression.args.get("separator"),
    697            )

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
  IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
  SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL
  LIMIT_FETCH
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  INDEX_ON
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  LIMIT_IS_TOP
  RETURNING_END
  EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
  UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
  AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
  TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
  COLLATE_IS_FUNC
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  ENSURE_BOOLS
  CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
  LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
  UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP
  INSERT_OVERWRITE
  SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
  JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
  SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS
  CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED
  COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  TRY_SUPPORTED
  SUPPORTS_UESCAPE
  STAR_EXCEPT
  WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
  QUOTE_JSON_PATH
  SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS
  ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN
  SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE
  SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS
  ARRAY_SIZE_DIM_REQUIRED
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  TOKEN_MAPPING
  PARAMETER_TOKEN
  NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_parts
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  transformcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  createable_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  describe_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  datatype_sql
  directory_sql
  drop_sql
  set_operation
  set_operations
  fetch_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  with_properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  partitionboundspec_sql
  partitionedofproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  withsystemversioningproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  introducer_sql
  kill_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  objectidentifier_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  historicaldata_sql
  table_parts
  table_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  version_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  values_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  groupingsets_sql
  rollup_sql
  cube_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  connect_sql
  prior_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_op
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  escape_str
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  withfill_sql
  cluster_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognizemeasure_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  options_modifier
  queryoption_sql
  after_limit_modifiers
  select_sql
  schema_sql
  schema_columns_sql
  star_sql
  parameter_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
  subquery_sql
  qualify_sql
  unnest_sql
  prewhere_sql
  where_sql
  window_sql
  partition_by_sql
  windowspec_sql
  withingroup_sql
  between_sql
  bracket_offset_expressions
  all_sql
  any_sql
  exists_sql
  case_sql
  constraint_sql
  nextvaluefor_sql
  extract_sql
  trim_sql
  convert_concat_args
  concat_sql
  concatws_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
  primarykey_sql
  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonpath_sql
  json_path_part
  formatjson_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  jsonobjectagg_sql
  jsonarray_sql
  jsonarrayagg_sql
  jsoncolumndef_sql
  jsonschema_sql
  jsontable_sql
  openjsoncolumndef_sql
  openjson_sql
  in_sql
  in_unnest_op
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
  pivotalias_sql
  aliases_sql
  atindex_sql
  attimezone_sql
  fromtimezone_sql
  add_sql
  and_sql
  or_sql
  xor_sql
  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
  bitwiseleftshift_sql
  bitwisenot_sql
  bitwiseor_sql
  bitwiserightshift_sql
  bitwisexor_sql
  cast_sql
  currentdate_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  mergetreettlaction_sql
  mergetreettl_sql
  commit_sql
  rollback_sql
  altercolumn_sql
  alterdiststyle_sql
  altersortkey_sql
  alterrename_sql
  renamecolumn_sql
  alterset_sql
  alter_sql
  add_column_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  havingmax_sql
  intdiv_sql
  dpipe_sql
  div_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  eq_sql
  propertyeq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  ilike_sql
  ilikeany_sql
  is_sql
  like_sql
  likeany_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
  lte_sql
  mod_sql
  mul_sql
  neq_sql
  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  slice_sql
  sub_sql
  trycast_sql
  try_sql
  log_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  too_wide
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  tag_sql
  token_sql
  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql
  tonumber_sql
  dictproperty_sql
  dictrange_sql
  dictsubproperty_sql
  duplicatekeyproperty_sql
  distributedbyproperty_sql
  oncluster_sql
  clusteredbyproperty_sql
  anyvalue_sql
  querytransform_sql
  indexconstraintoption_sql
  checkcolumnconstraint_sql
  indexcolumnconstraint_sql
  nvl2_sql
  comprehension_sql
  columnprefix_sql
  opclass_sql
  predict_sql
  forin_sql
  refresh_sql
  toarray_sql
  tsordstotime_sql
  tsordstotimestamp_sql
  tsordstodatetime_sql
  tsordstodate_sql
  unixdate_sql
  lastday_sql
  dateadd_sql
  arrayany_sql
  partitionrange_sql
  truncatetable_sql
  convert_sql
  copyparameter_sql
  credentials_sql
  copy_sql
  semicolon_sql
  datadeletionproperty_sql
  maskingpolicycolumnconstraint_sql
  gapfill_sql
  scope_resolution
  scoperesolution_sql
  parsejson_sql
  rand_sql
  changes_sql
  pad_sql
  summarize_sql
  explodinggenerateseries_sql
  arrayconcat_sql
  converttimezone_sql
  json_sql
  jsonvalue_sql
  conditionalinsert_sql
  multitableinserts_sql
  oncondition_sql
  jsonexists_sql
  arrayagg_sql
  apply_sql
  grant_sql
  grantprivilege_sql
  grantprincipal_sql
  columns_sql
  overlay_sql
  todouble_sql
  string_sql
  median_sql
  overflowtruncatebehavior_sql
  unixseconds_sql
  arraysize_sql