sqlglot.dialects.snowflake API documentation

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# sqlglot.dialects.snowflake

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       1from __future__ import annotations
       2
       3import typing as t
       4
       5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
       6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
       7    Dialect,
       8    NormalizationStrategy,
       9    binary_from_function,
      10    build_default_decimal_type,
      11    build_timestamp_from_parts,
      12    date_delta_sql,
      13    date_trunc_to_time,
      14    datestrtodate_sql,
      15    build_formatted_time,
      16    if_sql,
      17    inline_array_sql,
      18    max_or_greatest,
      19    min_or_least,
      20    rename_func,
      21    timestamptrunc_sql,
      22    timestrtotime_sql,
      23    var_map_sql,
      24    map_date_part,
      25    no_safe_divide_sql,
      26)
      27from sqlglot.helper import flatten, is_float, is_int, seq_get
      28from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
      29
      30if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
      31    from sqlglot._typing import E
      32
      33
      34# from https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/to_timestamp.html
      35def _build_datetime(
      36    name: str, kind: exp.DataType.Type, safe: bool = False
      37) -> t.Callable[[t.List], exp.Func]:
      38    def _builder(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
      39        value = seq_get(args, 0)
      40        int_value = value is not None and is_int(value.name)
      41
      42        if isinstance(value, exp.Literal):
      43            # Converts calls like `TO_TIME('01:02:03')` into casts
      44            if len(args) == 1 and value.is_string and not int_value:
      45                return (
      46                    exp.TryCast(this=value, to=exp.DataType.build(kind))
      47                    if safe
      48                    else exp.cast(value, kind)
      49                )
      50
      51            # Handles `TO_TIMESTAMP(str, fmt)` and `TO_TIMESTAMP(num, scale)` as special
      52            # cases so we can transpile them, since they're relatively common
      53            if kind == exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP:
      54                if int_value and not safe:
      55                    # TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP('integer') is not parsed into exp.UnixToTime as
      56                    # it's not easily transpilable
      57                    return exp.UnixToTime(this=value, scale=seq_get(args, 1))
      58                if not is_float(value.this):
      59                    expr = build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "snowflake")(args)
      60                    expr.set("safe", safe)
      61                    return expr
      62
      63        if kind == exp.DataType.Type.DATE and not int_value:
      64            formatted_exp = build_formatted_time(exp.TsOrDsToDate, "snowflake")(args)
      65            formatted_exp.set("safe", safe)
      66            return formatted_exp
      67
      68        return exp.Anonymous(this=name, expressions=args)
      69
      70    return _builder
      71
      72
      73def _build_object_construct(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.StarMap, exp.Struct]:
      74    expression = parser.build_var_map(args)
      75
      76    if isinstance(expression, exp.StarMap):
      77        return expression
      78
      79    return exp.Struct(
      80        expressions=[
      81            exp.PropertyEQ(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(expression.keys, expression.values)
      82        ]
      83    )
      84
      85
      86def _build_datediff(args: t.List) -> exp.DateDiff:
      87    return exp.DateDiff(
      88        this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0))
      89    )
      90
      91
      92def _build_date_time_add(expr_type: t.Type[E]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
      93    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
      94        return expr_type(
      95            this=seq_get(args, 2),
      96            expression=seq_get(args, 1),
      97            unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0)),
      98        )
      99
     100    return _builder
     101
     102
     103# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/div0
     104def _build_if_from_div0(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     105    cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(0)).and_(
     106        exp.Is(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.null()).not_()
     107    )
     108    true = exp.Literal.number(0)
     109    false = exp.Div(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1))
     110    return exp.If(this=cond, true=true, false=false)
     111
     112
     113# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
     114def _build_if_from_zeroifnull(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     115    cond = exp.Is(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Null())
     116    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Literal.number(0), false=seq_get(args, 0))
     117
     118
     119# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
     120def _build_if_from_nullifzero(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     121    cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
     122    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Null(), false=seq_get(args, 0))
     123
     124
     125def _regexpilike_sql(self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.RegexpILike) -> str:
     126    flag = expression.text("flag")
     127
     128    if "i" not in flag:
     129        flag += "i"
     130
     131    return self.func(
     132        "REGEXP_LIKE", expression.this, expression.expression, exp.Literal.string(flag)
     133    )
     134
     135
     136def _build_regexp_replace(args: t.List) -> exp.RegexpReplace:
     137    regexp_replace = exp.RegexpReplace.from_arg_list(args)
     138
     139    if not regexp_replace.args.get("replacement"):
     140        regexp_replace.set("replacement", exp.Literal.string(""))
     141
     142    return regexp_replace
     143
     144
     145def _show_parser(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[Snowflake.Parser], exp.Show]:
     146    def _parse(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> exp.Show:
     147        return self._parse_show_snowflake(*args, **kwargs)
     148
     149    return _parse
     150
     151
     152def _date_trunc_to_time(args: t.List) -> exp.DateTrunc | exp.TimestampTrunc:
     153    trunc = date_trunc_to_time(args)
     154    trunc.set("unit", map_date_part(trunc.args["unit"]))
     155    return trunc
     156
     157
     158def _unqualify_unpivot_columns(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     159    """
     160    Snowflake doesn't allow columns referenced in UNPIVOT to be qualified,
     161    so we need to unqualify them.
     162
     163    Example:
     164        >>> from sqlglot import parse_one
     165        >>> expr = parse_one("SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (m_sales.jan, feb, mar, april))")
     166        >>> print(_unqualify_unpivot_columns(expr).sql(dialect="snowflake"))
     167        SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (jan, feb, mar, april))
     168    """
     169    if isinstance(expression, exp.Pivot) and expression.unpivot:
     170        expression = transforms.unqualify_columns(expression)
     171
     172    return expression
     173
     174
     175def _flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     176    assert isinstance(expression, exp.Create)
     177
     178    def _flatten_structured_type(expression: exp.DataType) -> exp.DataType:
     179        if expression.this in exp.DataType.NESTED_TYPES:
     180            expression.set("expressions", None)
     181        return expression
     182
     183    props = expression.args.get("properties")
     184    if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Schema) and not (props and props.find(exp.IcebergProperty)):
     185        for schema_expression in expression.this.expressions:
     186            if isinstance(schema_expression, exp.ColumnDef):
     187                column_type = schema_expression.kind
     188                if isinstance(column_type, exp.DataType):
     189                    column_type.transform(_flatten_structured_type, copy=False)
     190
     191    return expression
     192
     193
     194def _unnest_generate_date_array(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     195    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select):
     196        for unnest in expression.find_all(exp.Unnest):
     197            if (
     198                isinstance(unnest.parent, (exp.From, exp.Join))
     199                and len(unnest.expressions) == 1
     200                and isinstance(unnest.expressions[0], exp.GenerateDateArray)
     201            ):
     202                generate_date_array = unnest.expressions[0]
     203                start = generate_date_array.args.get("start")
     204                end = generate_date_array.args.get("end")
     205                step = generate_date_array.args.get("step")
     206
     207                if not start or not end or not isinstance(step, exp.Interval) or step.name != "1":
     208                    continue
     209
     210                unit = step.args.get("unit")
     211
     212                unnest_alias = unnest.args.get("alias")
     213                if unnest_alias:
     214                    unnest_alias = unnest_alias.copy()
     215                    sequence_value_name = seq_get(unnest_alias.columns, 0) or "value"
     216                else:
     217                    sequence_value_name = "value"
     218
     219                # We'll add the next sequence value to the starting date and project the result
     220                date_add = _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd)(
     221                    [unit, exp.cast(sequence_value_name, "int"), exp.cast(start, "date")]
     222                ).as_(sequence_value_name)
     223
     224                # We use DATEDIFF to compute the number of sequence values needed
     225                number_sequence = Snowflake.Parser.FUNCTIONS["ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE"](
     226                    [exp.Literal.number(0), _build_datediff([unit, start, end]) + 1]
     227                )
     228
     229                unnest.set("expressions", [number_sequence])
     230                unnest.replace(exp.select(date_add).from_(unnest.copy()).subquery(unnest_alias))
     231
     232    return expression
     233
     234
     235class Snowflake(Dialect):
     236    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
     237    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
     238    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
     239    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
     240    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     241    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     242    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
     243    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
     244    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
     245    ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS = None
     246
     247    TIME_MAPPING = {
     248        "YYYY": "%Y",
     249        "yyyy": "%Y",
     250        "YY": "%y",
     251        "yy": "%y",
     252        "MMMM": "%B",
     253        "mmmm": "%B",
     254        "MON": "%b",
     255        "mon": "%b",
     256        "MM": "%m",
     257        "mm": "%m",
     258        "DD": "%d",
     259        "dd": "%-d",
     260        "DY": "%a",
     261        "dy": "%w",
     262        "HH24": "%H",
     263        "hh24": "%H",
     264        "HH12": "%I",
     265        "hh12": "%I",
     266        "MI": "%M",
     267        "mi": "%M",
     268        "SS": "%S",
     269        "ss": "%S",
     270        "FF": "%f",
     271        "ff": "%f",
     272        "FF6": "%f",
     273        "ff6": "%f",
     274    }
     275
     276    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
     277        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
     278        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
     279        if (
     280            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     281            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
     282            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
     283        ):
     284            return expression  # type: ignore
     285
     286        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
     287
     288    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     289        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
     290        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
     291        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
     292
     293        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
     294            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
     295            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     296        }
     297
     298        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
     299        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
     300
     301        FUNCTIONS = {
     302            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     303            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
     304            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
     305            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
     306                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
     307            ),
     308            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
     309                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
     310                start=seq_get(args, 0),
     311                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
     312                step=seq_get(args, 2),
     313            ),
     314            "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
     315            "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
     316            "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor),
     317            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     318            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
     319            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     320            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     321            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
     322            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
     323            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
     324                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
     325            ),
     326            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
     327            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
     328                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
     329            ),
     330            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     331            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     332            "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list,
     333            "MEDIAN": lambda args: exp.PercentileCont(
     334                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0.5)
     335            ),
     336            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
     337            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
     338            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
     339            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
     340                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     341                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
     342                position=seq_get(args, 2),
     343                occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
     344                parameters=seq_get(args, 4),
     345                group=seq_get(args, 5) or exp.Literal.number(0),
     346            ),
     347            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     348            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     349            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
     350            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     351            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     352            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
     353            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     354            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     355            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     356            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     357            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
     358            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
     359            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
     360                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
     361            ),
     362            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     363            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
     364                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     365                format=seq_get(args, 1),
     366                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
     367                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
     368            ),
     369            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
     370            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     371            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
     372            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     373            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
     374            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
     375            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
     376        }
     377
     378        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     379            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     380            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
     381            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
     382        }
     383        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     384
     385        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
     386
     387        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     388            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     389            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
     390            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
     391        }
     392
     393        ALTER_PARSERS = {
     394            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
     395            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
     396                exp.Set,
     397                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
     398                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     399                unset=True,
     400            ),
     401        }
     402
     403        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     404            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     405            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
     406        }
     407
     408        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     409            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     410            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
     411        }
     412
     413        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
     414            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
     415            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
     416        }
     417
     418        SHOW_PARSERS = {
     419            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     420            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     421            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     422            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     423            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     424            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     425            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     426            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     427            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     428            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     429            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     430            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     431            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     432            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     433            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     434            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     435            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
     436            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     437            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     438        }
     439
     440        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     441            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     442            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     443            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     444            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     445            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     446        }
     447
     448        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     449            TokenType.DOT,
     450            TokenType.MOD,
     451            TokenType.SLASH,
     452        }
     453
     454        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
     455
     456        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
     457
     458        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
     459
     460        LAMBDAS = {
     461            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
     462            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
     463                exp.Lambda,
     464                this=self._replace_lambda(
     465                    self._parse_assignment(),
     466                    expressions,
     467                ),
     468                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
     469            ),
     470        }
     471
     472        def _negate_range(
     473            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     474        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     475            if not this:
     476                return this
     477
     478            query = this.args.get("query")
     479            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
     480                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
     481                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
     482                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
     483                #
     484                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
     485                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
     486                return self.expression(
     487                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
     488                )
     489
     490            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
     491
     492        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     493            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
     494                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
     495
     496            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
     497                policy = self._parse_column()
     498                return self.expression(
     499                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
     500                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     501                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
     502                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     503                )
     504            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
     505                policy = self._parse_column()
     506                return self.expression(
     507                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
     508                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     509                )
     510            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     511                return self.expression(
     512                    exp.TagColumnConstraint,
     513                    expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
     514                )
     515
     516            return None
     517
     518        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     519            expression = super()._parse_create()
     520            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
     521                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
     522                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
     523
     524            return expression
     525
     526        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
     527        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
     528        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     529            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
     530
     531            if not this:
     532                return None
     533
     534            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     535            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
     536            this = map_date_part(this)
     537            name = this.name.upper()
     538
     539            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
     540                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
     541                    scale = 10**3
     542                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
     543                    scale = 10**6
     544                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
     545                    scale = 10**9
     546                else:
     547                    scale = None
     548
     549                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
     550                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
     551
     552                if scale:
     553                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
     554
     555                return to_unix
     556
     557            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
     558
     559        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     560            if is_map:
     561                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
     562                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
     563                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
     564                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
     565
     566            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
     567
     568        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
     569            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
     570            if not lateral:
     571                return lateral
     572
     573            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
     574                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
     575                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
     576                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
     577                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
     578                elif not table_alias:
     579                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
     580
     581            return lateral
     582
     583        def _parse_table_parts(
     584            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     585        ) -> exp.Table:
     586            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
     587            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
     588                table = self._parse_string()
     589            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
     590                table = self._parse_location_path()
     591            else:
     592                table = None
     593
     594            if table:
     595                file_format = None
     596                pattern = None
     597
     598                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     599                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
     600                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
     601                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
     602                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
     603                        )
     604                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
     605                        pattern = self._parse_string()
     606                    else:
     607                        break
     608
     609                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     610
     611                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
     612            else:
     613                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
     614
     615            return table
     616
     617        def _parse_id_var(
     618            self,
     619            any_token: bool = True,
     620            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     621        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     622            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
     623                identifier = (
     624                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     625                    or self._parse_string()
     626                )
     627                self._match_r_paren()
     628                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
     629
     630            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     631
     632        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
     633            scope = None
     634            scope_kind = None
     635
     636            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
     637            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
     638            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
     639
     640            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
     641
     642            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
     643
     644            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
     645                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
     646                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
     647                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
     648                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
     649                    if self._curr:
     650                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     651                elif self._curr:
     652                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
     653                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     654
     655            return self.expression(
     656                exp.Show,
     657                **{
     658                    "terse": terse,
     659                    "this": this,
     660                    "history": history,
     661                    "like": like,
     662                    "scope": scope,
     663                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
     664                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
     665                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
     666                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
     667                },
     668            )
     669
     670        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
     671            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     672            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
     673
     674        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     675            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
     676            return (
     677                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
     678                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
     679                else self._parse_table_parts()
     680            )
     681
     682        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
     683            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
     684
     685            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
     686            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
     687            # in case of subqueries
     688            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     689                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
     690            ):
     691                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
     692
     693            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
     694
     695        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     696            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
     697
     698            if not this:
     699                return this
     700
     701            typ = self._parse_types()
     702
     703            if typ:
     704                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
     705
     706            return this
     707
     708    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     709        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
     710        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
     711        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
     712        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
     713        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
     714
     715        KEYWORDS = {
     716            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     717            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     718            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     719            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     720            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     721            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
     722            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
     723            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     724            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
     725            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     726            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     727            "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
     728            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     729            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     730            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     731            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     732            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     733            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
     734            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
     735            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     736            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     737            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
     738            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
     739        }
     740        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     741
     742        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     743            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
     744            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     745        }
     746
     747        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
     748
     749        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
     750
     751    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     752        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     753        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     754        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     755        JOIN_HINTS = False
     756        TABLE_HINTS = False
     757        QUERY_HINTS = False
     758        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     759        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     760        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     761        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     762        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     763        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
     764        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
     765        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
     766        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     767        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
     768        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
     769        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
     770        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
     771        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     772
     773        TRANSFORMS = {
     774            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     775            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     776            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
     777            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
     778            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
     779            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
     780            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
     781            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     782                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
     783            ),
     784            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
     785            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
     786            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     787            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     788            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     789            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
     790            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
     791            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
     792            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
     793            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
     794            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     795                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
     796            ),
     797            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
     798                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
     799            ),
     800            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"),
     801            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
     802            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_PATH", e.this, e.expression),
     803            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
     804                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
     805            ),
     806            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
     807            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
     808            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
     809            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
     810            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     811            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     812            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     813            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
     814                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
     815            ),
     816            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
     817            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
     818                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     819            ),
     820            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
     821                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     822            ),
     823            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_unpivot_columns]),
     824            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
     825            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
     826            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     827                [
     828                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     829                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
     830                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
     831                    _unnest_generate_date_array,
     832                ]
     833            ),
     834            exp.SafeDivide: lambda self, e: no_safe_divide_sql(self, e, "IFF"),
     835            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
     836            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     837            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
     838            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func(
     839                "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position")
     840            ),
     841            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
     842            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
     843            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
     844                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
     845            ),
     846            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
     847            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
     848            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
     849                "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), self.format_time(e)
     850            ),
     851            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
     852            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
     853            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
     854            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
     855            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
     856            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     857            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
     858                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
     859            ),
     860            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
     861            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
     862            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     863            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
     864            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
     865        }
     866
     867        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
     868            exp.JSONPathKey,
     869            exp.JSONPathRoot,
     870            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
     871        }
     872
     873        TYPE_MAPPING = {
     874            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
     875            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
     876            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
     877        }
     878
     879        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
     880            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
     881            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     882            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     883        }
     884
     885        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
     886            exp.Map,
     887            exp.StarMap,
     888            exp.Struct,
     889            exp.VarMap,
     890        }
     891
     892        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
     893            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
     894
     895        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
     896            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
     897                values_as_table = False
     898
     899            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
     900
     901        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
     902            expressions = expression.expressions
     903            if (
     904                expressions
     905                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
     906                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
     907            ):
     908                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
     909                return "OBJECT"
     910
     911            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
     912
     913        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
     914            return self.func(
     915                "TO_NUMBER",
     916                expression.this,
     917                expression.args.get("format"),
     918                expression.args.get("precision"),
     919                expression.args.get("scale"),
     920            )
     921
     922        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
     923            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
     924            if milli is not None:
     925                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
     926                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
     927
     928            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
     929
     930        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
     931            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
     932                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
     933            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
     934                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
     935
     936            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
     937
     938        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
     939            value = expression.this
     940
     941            if value.type is None:
     942                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
     943
     944                value = annotate_types(value)
     945
     946            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
     947                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
     948
     949            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
     950            return self.cast_sql(expression)
     951
     952        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
     953            if not expression.expression:
     954                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
     955
     956            return super().log_sql(expression)
     957
     958        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
     959            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
     960            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
     961
     962            columns = [
     963                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
     964                exp.to_identifier("key"),
     965                exp.to_identifier("path"),
     966                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
     967                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
     968                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
     969                exp.to_identifier("this"),
     970            ]
     971
     972            if unnest_alias:
     973                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
     974            else:
     975                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
     976
     977            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
     978            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
     979            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
     980            return f"{explode}{alias}"
     981
     982        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
     983            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
     984            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
     985            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
     986            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
     987
     988            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
     989            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
     990
     991            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
     992            if scope_kind:
     993                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
     994
     995            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
     996            if starts_with:
     997                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
     998
     999            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1000
    1001            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1002            if from_:
    1003                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1004
    1005            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"
    1006
    1007        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
    1008            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
    1009            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
    1010            group = expression.args.get("group")
    1011
    1012            # To avoid generating all these default values, we set group to None if
    1013            # it's 0 (also default value) which doesn't trigger the following chain
    1014            if group and group.name == "0":
    1015                group = None
    1016
    1017            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
    1018            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1019            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1020
    1021            return self.func(
    1022                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
    1023                expression.this,
    1024                expression.expression,
    1025                position,
    1026                occurrence,
    1027                parameters,
    1028                group,
    1029            )
    1030
    1031        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1032            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1033            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1034            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1035            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1036            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1037            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1038            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1039
    1040        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1041            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1042        ) -> str:
    1043            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1044            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1045            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1046            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1047            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1048
    1049        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1050            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1051
    1052        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1053            keys = []
    1054            values = []
    1055
    1056            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1057                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1058                    keys.append(
    1059                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1060                    )
    1061                    values.append(e.expression)
    1062                else:
    1063                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1064                    values.append(e)
    1065
    1066            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1067
    1068        @generator.unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1069        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1070            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1071
    1072        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1073            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1074            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1075            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1076            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1077            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1078            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1079            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1080            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1081
    1082            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1083
    1084        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1085            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1086            return self.func(
    1087                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1088            )

class Snowflake(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

     236class Snowflake(Dialect):
     237    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
     238    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
     239    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
     240    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
     241    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     242    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     243    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
     244    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
     245    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
     246    ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS = None
     247
     248    TIME_MAPPING = {
     249        "YYYY": "%Y",
     250        "yyyy": "%Y",
     251        "YY": "%y",
     252        "yy": "%y",
     253        "MMMM": "%B",
     254        "mmmm": "%B",
     255        "MON": "%b",
     256        "mon": "%b",
     257        "MM": "%m",
     258        "mm": "%m",
     259        "DD": "%d",
     260        "dd": "%-d",
     261        "DY": "%a",
     262        "dy": "%w",
     263        "HH24": "%H",
     264        "hh24": "%H",
     265        "HH12": "%I",
     266        "hh12": "%I",
     267        "MI": "%M",
     268        "mi": "%M",
     269        "SS": "%S",
     270        "ss": "%S",
     271        "FF": "%f",
     272        "ff": "%f",
     273        "FF6": "%f",
     274        "ff6": "%f",
     275    }
     276
     277    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
     278        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
     279        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
     280        if (
     281            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     282            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
     283            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
     284        ):
     285            return expression  # type: ignore
     286
     287        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
     288
     289    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     290        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
     291        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
     292        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
     293
     294        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
     295            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
     296            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     297        }
     298
     299        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
     300        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
     301
     302        FUNCTIONS = {
     303            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     304            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
     305            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
     306            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
     307                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
     308            ),
     309            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
     310                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
     311                start=seq_get(args, 0),
     312                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
     313                step=seq_get(args, 2),
     314            ),
     315            "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
     316            "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
     317            "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor),
     318            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     319            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
     320            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     321            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     322            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
     323            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
     324            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
     325                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
     326            ),
     327            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
     328            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
     329                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
     330            ),
     331            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     332            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     333            "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list,
     334            "MEDIAN": lambda args: exp.PercentileCont(
     335                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0.5)
     336            ),
     337            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
     338            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
     339            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
     340            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
     341                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     342                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
     343                position=seq_get(args, 2),
     344                occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
     345                parameters=seq_get(args, 4),
     346                group=seq_get(args, 5) or exp.Literal.number(0),
     347            ),
     348            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     349            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     350            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
     351            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     352            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     353            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
     354            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     355            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     356            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     357            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     358            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
     359            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
     360            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
     361                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
     362            ),
     363            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     364            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
     365                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     366                format=seq_get(args, 1),
     367                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
     368                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
     369            ),
     370            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
     371            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     372            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
     373            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     374            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
     375            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
     376            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
     377        }
     378
     379        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     380            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     381            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
     382            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
     383        }
     384        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     385
     386        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
     387
     388        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     389            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     390            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
     391            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
     392        }
     393
     394        ALTER_PARSERS = {
     395            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
     396            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
     397                exp.Set,
     398                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
     399                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     400                unset=True,
     401            ),
     402        }
     403
     404        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     405            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     406            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
     407        }
     408
     409        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     410            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     411            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
     412        }
     413
     414        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
     415            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
     416            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
     417        }
     418
     419        SHOW_PARSERS = {
     420            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     421            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     422            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     423            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     424            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     425            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     426            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     427            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     428            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     429            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     430            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     431            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     432            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     433            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     434            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     435            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     436            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
     437            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     438            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     439        }
     440
     441        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     442            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     443            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     444            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     445            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     446            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     447        }
     448
     449        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     450            TokenType.DOT,
     451            TokenType.MOD,
     452            TokenType.SLASH,
     453        }
     454
     455        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
     456
     457        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
     458
     459        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
     460
     461        LAMBDAS = {
     462            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
     463            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
     464                exp.Lambda,
     465                this=self._replace_lambda(
     466                    self._parse_assignment(),
     467                    expressions,
     468                ),
     469                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
     470            ),
     471        }
     472
     473        def _negate_range(
     474            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     475        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     476            if not this:
     477                return this
     478
     479            query = this.args.get("query")
     480            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
     481                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
     482                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
     483                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
     484                #
     485                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
     486                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
     487                return self.expression(
     488                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
     489                )
     490
     491            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
     492
     493        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     494            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
     495                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
     496
     497            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
     498                policy = self._parse_column()
     499                return self.expression(
     500                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
     501                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     502                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
     503                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     504                )
     505            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
     506                policy = self._parse_column()
     507                return self.expression(
     508                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
     509                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     510                )
     511            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     512                return self.expression(
     513                    exp.TagColumnConstraint,
     514                    expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
     515                )
     516
     517            return None
     518
     519        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     520            expression = super()._parse_create()
     521            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
     522                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
     523                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
     524
     525            return expression
     526
     527        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
     528        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
     529        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     530            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
     531
     532            if not this:
     533                return None
     534
     535            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     536            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
     537            this = map_date_part(this)
     538            name = this.name.upper()
     539
     540            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
     541                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
     542                    scale = 10**3
     543                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
     544                    scale = 10**6
     545                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
     546                    scale = 10**9
     547                else:
     548                    scale = None
     549
     550                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
     551                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
     552
     553                if scale:
     554                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
     555
     556                return to_unix
     557
     558            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
     559
     560        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     561            if is_map:
     562                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
     563                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
     564                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
     565                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
     566
     567            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
     568
     569        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
     570            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
     571            if not lateral:
     572                return lateral
     573
     574            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
     575                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
     576                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
     577                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
     578                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
     579                elif not table_alias:
     580                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
     581
     582            return lateral
     583
     584        def _parse_table_parts(
     585            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     586        ) -> exp.Table:
     587            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
     588            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
     589                table = self._parse_string()
     590            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
     591                table = self._parse_location_path()
     592            else:
     593                table = None
     594
     595            if table:
     596                file_format = None
     597                pattern = None
     598
     599                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     600                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
     601                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
     602                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
     603                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
     604                        )
     605                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
     606                        pattern = self._parse_string()
     607                    else:
     608                        break
     609
     610                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     611
     612                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
     613            else:
     614                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
     615
     616            return table
     617
     618        def _parse_id_var(
     619            self,
     620            any_token: bool = True,
     621            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     622        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     623            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
     624                identifier = (
     625                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     626                    or self._parse_string()
     627                )
     628                self._match_r_paren()
     629                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
     630
     631            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     632
     633        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
     634            scope = None
     635            scope_kind = None
     636
     637            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
     638            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
     639            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
     640
     641            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
     642
     643            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
     644
     645            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
     646                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
     647                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
     648                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
     649                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
     650                    if self._curr:
     651                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     652                elif self._curr:
     653                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
     654                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     655
     656            return self.expression(
     657                exp.Show,
     658                **{
     659                    "terse": terse,
     660                    "this": this,
     661                    "history": history,
     662                    "like": like,
     663                    "scope": scope,
     664                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
     665                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
     666                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
     667                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
     668                },
     669            )
     670
     671        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
     672            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     673            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
     674
     675        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     676            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
     677            return (
     678                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
     679                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
     680                else self._parse_table_parts()
     681            )
     682
     683        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
     684            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
     685
     686            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
     687            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
     688            # in case of subqueries
     689            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     690                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
     691            ):
     692                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
     693
     694            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
     695
     696        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     697            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
     698
     699            if not this:
     700                return this
     701
     702            typ = self._parse_types()
     703
     704            if typ:
     705                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
     706
     707            return this
     708
     709    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     710        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
     711        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
     712        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
     713        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
     714        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
     715
     716        KEYWORDS = {
     717            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     718            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     719            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     720            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     721            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     722            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
     723            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
     724            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     725            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
     726            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     727            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     728            "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
     729            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     730            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     731            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     732            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     733            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     734            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
     735            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
     736            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     737            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     738            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
     739            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
     740        }
     741        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     742
     743        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     744            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
     745            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     746        }
     747
     748        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
     749
     750        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
     751
     752    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     753        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     754        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     755        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     756        JOIN_HINTS = False
     757        TABLE_HINTS = False
     758        QUERY_HINTS = False
     759        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     760        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     761        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     762        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     763        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     764        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
     765        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
     766        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
     767        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     768        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
     769        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
     770        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
     771        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
     772        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     773
     774        TRANSFORMS = {
     775            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     776            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     777            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
     778            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
     779            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
     780            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
     781            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
     782            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     783                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
     784            ),
     785            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
     786            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
     787            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     788            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     789            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     790            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
     791            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
     792            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
     793            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
     794            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
     795            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     796                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
     797            ),
     798            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
     799                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
     800            ),
     801            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"),
     802            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
     803            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_PATH", e.this, e.expression),
     804            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
     805                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
     806            ),
     807            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
     808            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
     809            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
     810            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
     811            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     812            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     813            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     814            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
     815                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
     816            ),
     817            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
     818            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
     819                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     820            ),
     821            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
     822                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     823            ),
     824            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_unpivot_columns]),
     825            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
     826            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
     827            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     828                [
     829                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     830                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
     831                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
     832                    _unnest_generate_date_array,
     833                ]
     834            ),
     835            exp.SafeDivide: lambda self, e: no_safe_divide_sql(self, e, "IFF"),
     836            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
     837            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     838            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
     839            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func(
     840                "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position")
     841            ),
     842            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
     843            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
     844            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
     845                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
     846            ),
     847            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
     848            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
     849            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
     850                "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), self.format_time(e)
     851            ),
     852            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
     853            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
     854            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
     855            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
     856            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
     857            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     858            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
     859                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
     860            ),
     861            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
     862            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
     863            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     864            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
     865            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
     866        }
     867
     868        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
     869            exp.JSONPathKey,
     870            exp.JSONPathRoot,
     871            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
     872        }
     873
     874        TYPE_MAPPING = {
     875            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
     876            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
     877            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
     878        }
     879
     880        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
     881            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
     882            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     883            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     884        }
     885
     886        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
     887            exp.Map,
     888            exp.StarMap,
     889            exp.Struct,
     890            exp.VarMap,
     891        }
     892
     893        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
     894            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
     895
     896        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
     897            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
     898                values_as_table = False
     899
     900            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
     901
     902        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
     903            expressions = expression.expressions
     904            if (
     905                expressions
     906                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
     907                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
     908            ):
     909                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
     910                return "OBJECT"
     911
     912            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
     913
     914        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
     915            return self.func(
     916                "TO_NUMBER",
     917                expression.this,
     918                expression.args.get("format"),
     919                expression.args.get("precision"),
     920                expression.args.get("scale"),
     921            )
     922
     923        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
     924            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
     925            if milli is not None:
     926                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
     927                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
     928
     929            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
     930
     931        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
     932            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
     933                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
     934            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
     935                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
     936
     937            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
     938
     939        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
     940            value = expression.this
     941
     942            if value.type is None:
     943                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
     944
     945                value = annotate_types(value)
     946
     947            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
     948                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
     949
     950            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
     951            return self.cast_sql(expression)
     952
     953        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
     954            if not expression.expression:
     955                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
     956
     957            return super().log_sql(expression)
     958
     959        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
     960            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
     961            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
     962
     963            columns = [
     964                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
     965                exp.to_identifier("key"),
     966                exp.to_identifier("path"),
     967                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
     968                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
     969                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
     970                exp.to_identifier("this"),
     971            ]
     972
     973            if unnest_alias:
     974                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
     975            else:
     976                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
     977
     978            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
     979            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
     980            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
     981            return f"{explode}{alias}"
     982
     983        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
     984            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
     985            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
     986            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
     987            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
     988
     989            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
     990            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
     991
     992            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
     993            if scope_kind:
     994                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
     995
     996            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
     997            if starts_with:
     998                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
     999
    1000            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1001
    1002            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1003            if from_:
    1004                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1005
    1006            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"
    1007
    1008        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
    1009            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
    1010            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
    1011            group = expression.args.get("group")
    1012
    1013            # To avoid generating all these default values, we set group to None if
    1014            # it's 0 (also default value) which doesn't trigger the following chain
    1015            if group and group.name == "0":
    1016                group = None
    1017
    1018            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
    1019            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1020            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1021
    1022            return self.func(
    1023                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
    1024                expression.this,
    1025                expression.expression,
    1026                position,
    1027                occurrence,
    1028                parameters,
    1029                group,
    1030            )
    1031
    1032        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1033            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1034            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1035            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1036            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1037            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1038            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1039            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1040
    1041        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1042            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1043        ) -> str:
    1044            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1045            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1046            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1047            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1048            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1049
    1050        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1051            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1052
    1053        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1054            keys = []
    1055            values = []
    1056
    1057            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1058                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1059                    keys.append(
    1060                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1061                    )
    1062                    values.append(e.expression)
    1063                else:
    1064                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1065                    values.append(e)
    1066
    1067            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1068
    1069        @generator.unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1070        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1071            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1072
    1073        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1074            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1075            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1076            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1077            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1078            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1079            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1080            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1081            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1082
    1083            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1084
    1085        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1086            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1087            return self.func(
    1088                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1089            )

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE: 'UPPERCASE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

NULL_ORDERING = 'nulls_are_large'

Default `NULL` ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Possible values: `"nulls_are_small"`, `"nulls_are_large"`, `"nulls_are_last"`

TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False

Whether user-defined data types are supported.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether `SEMI` or `ANTI` joins are supported.

PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True

Some dialects, such as Snowflake, allow you to reference a CTE column alias in the HAVING clause of the CTE. This flag will cause the CTE alias columns to override any projection aliases in the subquery.

For example, WITH y(c) AS ( SELECT SUM(a) FROM (SELECT 1 a) AS x HAVING c > 0 ) SELECT c FROM y;

    will be rewritten as

    WITH y(c) AS (
        SELECT SUM(a) AS c FROM (SELECT 1 AS a) AS x HAVING c > 0
    ) SELECT c FROM y;

TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True

Whether a size in the table sample clause represents percentage.

COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False

Whether COPY statement parameters are separated by comma or whitespace

ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS: Optional[bool] = None

Whether ArrayAgg needs to filter NULL values.

TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'YYYY': '%Y', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'yy': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'mmmm': '%B', 'MON': '%b', 'mon': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'mm': '%m', 'DD': '%d', 'dd': '%-d', 'DY': '%a', 'dy': '%w', 'HH24': '%H', 'hh24': '%H', 'HH12': '%I', 'hh12': '%I', 'MI': '%M', 'mi': '%M', 'SS': '%S', 'ss': '%S', 'FF': '%f', 'ff': '%f', 'FF6': '%f', 'ff6': '%f'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

def quote_identifier(self, expression: ~E, identify: bool = True) -> ~E: View Source

    277    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
    278        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
    279        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
    280        if (
    281            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
    282            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
    283            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
    284        ):
    285            return expression  # type: ignore
    286
    287        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)

Adds quotes to a given identifier.

###### Arguments:

- expression: The expression of interest. If it's not an `Identifier`, this method is a no-op.
- identify: If set to `False`, the quotes will only be added if the identifier is deemed "unsafe", with respect to its characters and this dialect's normalization strategy.

SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\\a': '\x07', '\\b': '\x08', '\\f': '\x0c', '\\n': '\n', '\\r': '\r', '\\t': '\t', '\\v': '\x0b', '\\\\': '\\'}

Mapping of an escaped sequence (`\n`) to its unescaped version (`` ).

tokenizer_class = <class 'Snowflake.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Snowflake.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Snowflake.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'mmmm', '%b': 'mon', '%m': 'mm', '%d': 'DD', '%-d': 'dd', '%a': 'DY', '%w': 'dy', '%H': 'hh24', '%I': 'hh12', '%M': 'mi', '%S': 'ss', '%f': 'ff6'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, '-': {'d': {0: True}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\x07': '\\a', '\x08': '\\b', '\x0c': '\\f', '\n': '\\n', '\r': '\\r', '\t': '\\t', '\x0b': '\\v', '\\': '\\\\'}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '"'
IDENTIFIER_END = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = "x'"
HEX_END: Optional[str] = "'"
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect
  Dialect
  INDEX_OFFSET
  WEEK_OFFSET
  UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY
  ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE
  IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT
  DPIPE_IS_STRING_CONCAT
  STRICT_STRING_CONCAT
  NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS
  LOG_BASE_FIRST
  TYPED_DIVISION
  SAFE_DIVISION
  CONCAT_COALESCE
  HEX_LOWERCASE
  DATE_FORMAT
  DATEINT_FORMAT
  FORMAT_MAPPING
  PSEUDOCOLUMNS
  FORCE_EARLY_ALIAS_REF_EXPANSION
  EXPAND_ALIAS_REFS_EARLY_ONLY_IN_GROUP_BY
  SUPPORTS_ORDER_BY_ALL
  HAS_DISTINCT_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  SUPPORTS_FIXED_SIZE_ARRAYS
  STRICT_JSON_PATH_SYNTAX
  ON_CONDITION_EMPTY_BEFORE_ERROR
  REGEXP_EXTRACT_DEFAULT_GROUP
  SET_OP_DISTINCT_BY_DEFAULT
  CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING
  DATE_PART_MAPPING
  TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS
  ANNOTATORS
  get_or_raise
  format_time
  settings
  normalize_identifier
  case_sensitive
  can_identify
  to_json_path
  parse
  parse_into
  generate
  transpile
  tokenize
  tokenizer
  jsonpath_tokenizer
  parser
  generator

class Snowflake.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    289    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    290        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
    291        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
    292        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
    293
    294        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
    295            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
    296            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
    297        }
    298
    299        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
    300        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
    301
    302        FUNCTIONS = {
    303            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    304            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    305            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
    306            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
    307                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
    308            ),
    309            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
    310                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
    311                start=seq_get(args, 0),
    312                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
    313                step=seq_get(args, 2),
    314            ),
    315            "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    316            "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    317            "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor),
    318            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
    319            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
    320            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
    321            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
    322            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
    323            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
    324            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
    325                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
    326            ),
    327            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
    328            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
    329                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
    330            ),
    331            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
    332            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
    333            "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list,
    334            "MEDIAN": lambda args: exp.PercentileCont(
    335                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0.5)
    336            ),
    337            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
    338            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
    339            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
    340            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
    341                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    342                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    343                position=seq_get(args, 2),
    344                occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
    345                parameters=seq_get(args, 4),
    346                group=seq_get(args, 5) or exp.Literal.number(0),
    347            ),
    348            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
    349            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
    350            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
    351            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
    352            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
    353            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
    354            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    355            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    356            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    357            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    358            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
    359            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
    360            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
    361                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
    362            ),
    363            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
    364            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
    365                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    366                format=seq_get(args, 1),
    367                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
    368                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
    369            ),
    370            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
    371            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
    372            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
    373            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
    374            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
    375            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
    376            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
    377        }
    378
    379        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    380            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    381            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
    382            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
    383        }
    384        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    385
    386        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
    387
    388        RANGE_PARSERS = {
    389            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
    390            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
    391            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
    392        }
    393
    394        ALTER_PARSERS = {
    395            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
    396            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
    397                exp.Set,
    398                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
    399                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
    400                unset=True,
    401            ),
    402        }
    403
    404        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
    405            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
    406            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
    407        }
    408
    409        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    410            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    411            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
    412        }
    413
    414        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
    415            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
    416            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
    417        }
    418
    419        SHOW_PARSERS = {
    420            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
    421            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
    422            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
    423            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
    424            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
    425            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
    426            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
    427            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
    428            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
    429            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
    430            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
    431            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
    432            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
    433            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
    434            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
    435            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
    436            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
    437            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
    438            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
    439        }
    440
    441        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
    442            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
    443            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    444            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    445            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    446            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    447        }
    448
    449        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    450            TokenType.DOT,
    451            TokenType.MOD,
    452            TokenType.SLASH,
    453        }
    454
    455        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
    456
    457        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
    458
    459        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
    460
    461        LAMBDAS = {
    462            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
    463            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
    464                exp.Lambda,
    465                this=self._replace_lambda(
    466                    self._parse_assignment(),
    467                    expressions,
    468                ),
    469                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
    470            ),
    471        }
    472
    473        def _negate_range(
    474            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
    475        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    476            if not this:
    477                return this
    478
    479            query = this.args.get("query")
    480            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
    481                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
    482                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
    483                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
    484                #
    485                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
    486                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
    487                return self.expression(
    488                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
    489                )
    490
    491            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
    492
    493        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    494            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
    495                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
    496
    497            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
    498                policy = self._parse_column()
    499                return self.expression(
    500                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
    501                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
    502                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
    503                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
    504                )
    505            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
    506                policy = self._parse_column()
    507                return self.expression(
    508                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
    509                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
    510                )
    511            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
    512                return self.expression(
    513                    exp.TagColumnConstraint,
    514                    expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
    515                )
    516
    517            return None
    518
    519        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
    520            expression = super()._parse_create()
    521            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
    522                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
    523                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
    524
    525            return expression
    526
    527        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
    528        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
    529        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    530            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
    531
    532            if not this:
    533                return None
    534
    535            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    536            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
    537            this = map_date_part(this)
    538            name = this.name.upper()
    539
    540            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
    541                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
    542                    scale = 10**3
    543                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
    544                    scale = 10**6
    545                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
    546                    scale = 10**9
    547                else:
    548                    scale = None
    549
    550                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
    551                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
    552
    553                if scale:
    554                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
    555
    556                return to_unix
    557
    558            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
    559
    560        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    561            if is_map:
    562                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
    563                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
    564                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
    565                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
    566
    567            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
    568
    569        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
    570            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
    571            if not lateral:
    572                return lateral
    573
    574            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
    575                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
    576                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
    577                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
    578                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
    579                elif not table_alias:
    580                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
    581
    582            return lateral
    583
    584        def _parse_table_parts(
    585            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
    586        ) -> exp.Table:
    587            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
    588            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
    589                table = self._parse_string()
    590            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
    591                table = self._parse_location_path()
    592            else:
    593                table = None
    594
    595            if table:
    596                file_format = None
    597                pattern = None
    598
    599                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
    600                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
    601                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
    602                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
    603                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
    604                        )
    605                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
    606                        pattern = self._parse_string()
    607                    else:
    608                        break
    609
    610                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    611
    612                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
    613            else:
    614                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
    615
    616            return table
    617
    618        def _parse_id_var(
    619            self,
    620            any_token: bool = True,
    621            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
    622        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    623            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
    624                identifier = (
    625                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    626                    or self._parse_string()
    627                )
    628                self._match_r_paren()
    629                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
    630
    631            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    632
    633        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
    634            scope = None
    635            scope_kind = None
    636
    637            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
    638            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
    639            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
    640
    641            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
    642
    643            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
    644
    645            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
    646                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
    647                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
    648                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
    649                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
    650                    if self._curr:
    651                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    652                elif self._curr:
    653                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
    654                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    655
    656            return self.expression(
    657                exp.Show,
    658                **{
    659                    "terse": terse,
    660                    "this": this,
    661                    "history": history,
    662                    "like": like,
    663                    "scope": scope,
    664                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
    665                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
    666                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
    667                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
    668                },
    669            )
    670
    671        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
    672            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
    673            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
    674
    675        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    676            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
    677            return (
    678                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
    679                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
    680                else self._parse_table_parts()
    681            )
    682
    683        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
    684            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
    685
    686            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
    687            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
    688            # in case of subqueries
    689            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
    690                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
    691            ):
    692                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
    693
    694            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
    695
    696        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    697            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
    698
    699            if not this:
    700                return this
    701
    702            typ = self._parse_types()
    703
    704            if typ:
    705                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
    706
    707            return this

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = 'BERNOULLI'
COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>}
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 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'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK_ISO': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'ISODOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method 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Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'J_S_O_N_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExists'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEN': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAP': 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'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <function _build_regexp_replace>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of 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'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WHEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.When'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'APPROX_PERCENTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BITXOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BIT_XOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BOOLXOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'DATEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'DIV0': <function _build_if_from_div0>, 'GET_PATH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'IFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'LISTAGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'MEDIAN': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULLIFZERO': <function _build_if_from_nullifzero>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT': <function _build_object_construct>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'RLIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'SQUARE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMPADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TRY_PARSE_JSON': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIME': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_VARCHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'ZEROIFNULL': <function _build_if_from_zeroifnull>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NORMALIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OVERLAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_PART': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
TIMESTAMPS = {<TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>}
RANGE_PARSERS = {<TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>}
ALTER_PARSERS = {'ADD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALTER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DELETE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DROP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RENAME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SWAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNSET': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS = {<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALLOWED_VALUES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BACKUP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARSET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONTAINS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATA_DELETION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTRIBUTED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DUPLICATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DYNAMIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EMPTY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOBAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ICEBERG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INHERITS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MODIFIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OUTPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'READS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REMOTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STREAMING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAMPLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHARING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSTEM_VERSIONING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNLOGGED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>}
TYPE_CONVERTERS = {<Type.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>: <function build_default_decimal_type.<locals>._builder>}
SHOW_PARSERS = {'SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'COLUMNS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>}
CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {'AUTOINCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASESPECIFIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMPRESS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NONCLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFAULT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENCODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EPHEMERAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXCLUDE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IDENTITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INLINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PATH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PERIOD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REFERENCES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TITLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNIQUE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPERCASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'MASKING': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'PROJECTION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TAG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {<TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>}
FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ['SEQ', 'KEY', 'PATH', 'INDEX', 'VALUE', 'THIS']
SCHEMA_KINDS = {'IMPORTED KEYS', 'VIEWS', 'SEQUENCES', 'TABLES', 'OBJECTS', 'UNIQUE KEYS'}
NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {'STORAGE INTEGRATION', 'STREAMLIT', 'WAREHOUSE', 'TAG'}
LAMBDAS = {<TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'TERSE': {'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'COLUMNS': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ALTERABLES
  INTERVAL_VARS
  ALIAS_TOKENS
  ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  ASSIGNMENT
  DISJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
  PROCEDURE_OPTIONS
  EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
  KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  NULL_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
  IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
  ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
  ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
  PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  DESCRIBE_STYLES
  OPERATION_MODIFIERS
  STRICT_CAST
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
  ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  STRING_ALIASES
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN
  SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  errors
  sql

class Snowflake.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    709    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    710        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
    711        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    712        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
    713        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
    714        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
    715
    716        KEYWORDS = {
    717            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    718            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
    719            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    720            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    721            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    722            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
    723            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
    724            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
    725            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    726            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    727            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    728            "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    729            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    730            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
    731            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
    732            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
    733            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    734            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
    735            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
    736            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
    737            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
    738            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
    739            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
    740        }
    741        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    742
    743        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    744            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
    745            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
    746        }
    747
    748        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
    749
    750        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}

STRING_ESCAPES = ['\\', "'"]
HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
RAW_STRINGS = ['$$']
COMMENTS = ['--', '//', ('/*', '*/')]
NESTED_COMMENTS = False
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'BYTEINT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'EXCLUDE': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'ILIKE ANY': <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>, 'LIKE ANY': <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>, 'MATCH_CONDITION': <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'MINUS': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'NCHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'PUT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'REMOVE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'RM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'SAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'SQL_DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'SQL_VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'STORAGE INTEGRATION': <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, 'TAG': <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, 'TIMESTAMP_TZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TOP': <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, 'WAREHOUSE': <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, 'STREAMLIT': <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>}
SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, '{': <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>, '}': <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>, '&': <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>, '^': <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '=': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '>': <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>, '<': <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>, '%': <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, '!': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, '|': <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>, '+': <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>, ';': <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>, '/': <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, '\\': <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>, '~': <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, '#': <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>, "'": <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '`': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '"': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '$': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>}
VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {'$'}
COMMANDS = {<TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  QUOTES
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  dialect
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class Snowflake.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

     752    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     753        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     754        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     755        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     756        JOIN_HINTS = False
     757        TABLE_HINTS = False
     758        QUERY_HINTS = False
     759        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     760        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     761        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     762        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     763        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     764        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
     765        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
     766        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
     767        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     768        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
     769        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
     770        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
     771        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
     772        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     773
     774        TRANSFORMS = {
     775            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     776            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     777            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
     778            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
     779            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
     780            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
     781            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
     782            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     783                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
     784            ),
     785            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
     786            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
     787            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     788            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     789            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     790            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
     791            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
     792            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
     793            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
     794            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
     795            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     796                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
     797            ),
     798            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
     799                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
     800            ),
     801            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"),
     802            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
     803            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_PATH", e.this, e.expression),
     804            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
     805                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
     806            ),
     807            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
     808            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
     809            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
     810            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
     811            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     812            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     813            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     814            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
     815                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
     816            ),
     817            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
     818            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
     819                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     820            ),
     821            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
     822                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     823            ),
     824            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_unpivot_columns]),
     825            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
     826            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
     827            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     828                [
     829                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     830                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
     831                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
     832                    _unnest_generate_date_array,
     833                ]
     834            ),
     835            exp.SafeDivide: lambda self, e: no_safe_divide_sql(self, e, "IFF"),
     836            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
     837            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     838            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
     839            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func(
     840                "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position")
     841            ),
     842            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
     843            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
     844            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
     845                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
     846            ),
     847            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
     848            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
     849            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
     850                "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), self.format_time(e)
     851            ),
     852            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
     853            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
     854            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
     855            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
     856            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
     857            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     858            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
     859                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
     860            ),
     861            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
     862            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
     863            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     864            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
     865            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
     866        }
     867
     868        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
     869            exp.JSONPathKey,
     870            exp.JSONPathRoot,
     871            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
     872        }
     873
     874        TYPE_MAPPING = {
     875            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
     876            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
     877            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
     878        }
     879
     880        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
     881            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
     882            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     883            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     884        }
     885
     886        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
     887            exp.Map,
     888            exp.StarMap,
     889            exp.Struct,
     890            exp.VarMap,
     891        }
     892
     893        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
     894            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
     895
     896        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
     897            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
     898                values_as_table = False
     899
     900            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
     901
     902        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
     903            expressions = expression.expressions
     904            if (
     905                expressions
     906                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
     907                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
     908            ):
     909                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
     910                return "OBJECT"
     911
     912            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
     913
     914        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
     915            return self.func(
     916                "TO_NUMBER",
     917                expression.this,
     918                expression.args.get("format"),
     919                expression.args.get("precision"),
     920                expression.args.get("scale"),
     921            )
     922
     923        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
     924            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
     925            if milli is not None:
     926                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
     927                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
     928
     929            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
     930
     931        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
     932            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
     933                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
     934            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
     935                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
     936
     937            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
     938
     939        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
     940            value = expression.this
     941
     942            if value.type is None:
     943                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
     944
     945                value = annotate_types(value)
     946
     947            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
     948                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
     949
     950            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
     951            return self.cast_sql(expression)
     952
     953        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
     954            if not expression.expression:
     955                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
     956
     957            return super().log_sql(expression)
     958
     959        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
     960            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
     961            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
     962
     963            columns = [
     964                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
     965                exp.to_identifier("key"),
     966                exp.to_identifier("path"),
     967                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
     968                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
     969                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
     970                exp.to_identifier("this"),
     971            ]
     972
     973            if unnest_alias:
     974                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
     975            else:
     976                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
     977
     978            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
     979            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
     980            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
     981            return f"{explode}{alias}"
     982
     983        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
     984            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
     985            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
     986            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
     987            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
     988
     989            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
     990            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
     991
     992            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
     993            if scope_kind:
     994                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
     995
     996            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
     997            if starts_with:
     998                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
     999
    1000            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1001
    1002            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1003            if from_:
    1004                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1005
    1006            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"
    1007
    1008        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
    1009            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
    1010            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
    1011            group = expression.args.get("group")
    1012
    1013            # To avoid generating all these default values, we set group to None if
    1014            # it's 0 (also default value) which doesn't trigger the following chain
    1015            if group and group.name == "0":
    1016                group = None
    1017
    1018            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
    1019            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1020            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1021
    1022            return self.func(
    1023                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
    1024                expression.this,
    1025                expression.expression,
    1026                position,
    1027                occurrence,
    1028                parameters,
    1029                group,
    1030            )
    1031
    1032        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1033            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1034            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1035            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1036            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1037            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1038            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1039            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1040
    1041        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1042            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1043        ) -> str:
    1044            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1045            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1046            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1047            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1048            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1049
    1050        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1051            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1052
    1053        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1054            keys = []
    1055            values = []
    1056
    1057            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1058                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1059                    keys.append(
    1060                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1061                    )
    1062                    values.append(e.expression)
    1063                else:
    1064                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1065                    values.append(e)
    1066
    1067            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1068
    1069        @generator.unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1070        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1071            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1072
    1073        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1074            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1075            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1076            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1077            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1078            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1079            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1080            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1081            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1082
    1083            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1084
    1085        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1086            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1087            return self.func(
    1088                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1089            )

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

PARAMETER_TOKEN = '$'
MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ','
INSERT_OVERWRITE = ' OVERWRITE INTO'
STRUCT_DELIMITER = ('(', ')')
COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
STAR_EXCEPT = 'EXCLUDE'
SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TagColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function inline_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function _regexpilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql.<locals>._timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.NESTED: 'NESTED'>: 'OBJECT', <Type.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>: 'OBJECT'}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>}
UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>}
def with_properties(self, properties: sqlglot.expressions.Properties) -> str: View Source

    893        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    894            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")

def values_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str: View Source

    896        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    897            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    898                values_as_table = False
    899
    900            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)

def datatype_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DataType) -> str: View Source

    902        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    903            expressions = expression.expressions
    904            if (
    905                expressions
    906                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    907                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    908            ):
    909                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    910                return "OBJECT"
    911
    912            return super().datatype_sql(expression)

def tonumber_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber) -> str: View Source

    914        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    915            return self.func(
    916                "TO_NUMBER",
    917                expression.this,
    918                expression.args.get("format"),
    919                expression.args.get("precision"),
    920                expression.args.get("scale"),
    921            )

def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts) -> str: View Source

    923        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    924            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    925            if milli is not None:
    926                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    927                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    928
    929            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)

def cast_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cast, safe_prefix: Optional[str] = None) -> str: View Source

    931        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    932            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    933                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    934            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    935                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    936
    937            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)

def trycast_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TryCast) -> str: View Source

    939        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    940            value = expression.this
    941
    942            if value.type is None:
    943                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    944
    945                value = annotate_types(value)
    946
    947            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    948                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    949
    950            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    951            return self.cast_sql(expression)

def log_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Log) -> str: View Source

    953        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    954            if not expression.expression:
    955                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    956
    957            return super().log_sql(expression)

def unnest_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Unnest) -> str: View Source

    959        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    960            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    961            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    962
    963            columns = [
    964                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    965                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    966                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    967                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    968                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
    969                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
    970                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    971            ]
    972
    973            if unnest_alias:
    974                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    975            else:
    976                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    977
    978            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
    979            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    980            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    981            return f"{explode}{alias}"

def show_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Show) -> str: View Source

     983        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
     984            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
     985            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
     986            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
     987            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
     988
     989            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
     990            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
     991
     992            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
     993            if scope_kind:
     994                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
     995
     996            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
     997            if starts_with:
     998                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
     999
    1000            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1001
    1002            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1003            if from_:
    1004                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1005
    1006            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"

def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract) -> str: View Source

    1008        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
    1009            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
    1010            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
    1011            group = expression.args.get("group")
    1012
    1013            # To avoid generating all these default values, we set group to None if
    1014            # it's 0 (also default value) which doesn't trigger the following chain
    1015            if group and group.name == "0":
    1016                group = None
    1017
    1018            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
    1019            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1020            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1021
    1022            return self.func(
    1023                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
    1024                expression.this,
    1025                expression.expression,
    1026                position,
    1027                occurrence,
    1028                parameters,
    1029                group,
    1030            )

def describe_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Describe) -> str: View Source

    1032        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1033            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1034            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1035            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1036            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1037            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1038            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1039            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"

def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint) -> str: View Source

    1041        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1042            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1043        ) -> str:
    1044            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1045            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1046            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1047            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1048            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"

def cluster_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cluster) -> str: View Source

    1050        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1051            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"

def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str: View Source

    1053        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1054            keys = []
    1055            values = []
    1056
    1057            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1058                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1059                    keys.append(
    1060                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1061                    )
    1062                    values.append(e.expression)
    1063                else:
    1064                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1065                    values.append(e)
    1066
    1067            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))

@generator.unsupported_args('weight', 'accuracy')
def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile) -> str: View Source

    1069        @generator.unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1070        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1071            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))

def alterset_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.AlterSet) -> str: View Source

    1073        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1074            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1075            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1076            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1077            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1078            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1079            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1080            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1081            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1082
    1083            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"

def strtotime_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime): View Source

    1085        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1086            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1087            return self.func(
    1088                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1089            )

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
TRY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE = False
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
  IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
  LIMIT_FETCH
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  INDEX_ON
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  LIMIT_IS_TOP
  RETURNING_END
  EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
  TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
  NVL2_SUPPORTED
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
  UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
  TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  ENSURE_BOOLS
  CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT
  LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
  UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
  SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
  MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
  JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
  CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
  SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  HEX_FUNC
  WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
  QUOTE_JSON_PATH
  PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED
  PARSE_JSON_NAME
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  TOKEN_MAPPING
  NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
  RESERVED_KEYWORDS
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_parts
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  transformcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  createable_sql
  create_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  drop_sql
  set_operation
  set_operations
  fetch_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
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