sqlglot.dialects.bigquery API documentation

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# sqlglot.dialects.bigquery

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      1from __future__ import annotations
      2
      3import re
      4import typing as t
      5
      6from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
      7from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
      8    Dialect,
      9    datestrtodate_sql,
     10    inline_array_sql,
     11    max_or_greatest,
     12    min_or_least,
     13    no_ilike_sql,
     14    parse_date_delta_with_interval,
     15    rename_func,
     16    timestrtotime_sql,
     17    ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
     18)
     19from sqlglot.helper import seq_get, split_num_words
     20from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
     21
     22
     23def _date_add_sql(
     24    data_type: str, kind: str
     25) -> t.Callable[[generator.Generator, exp.Expression], str]:
     26    def func(self, expression):
     27        this = self.sql(expression, "this")
     28        unit = expression.args.get("unit")
     29        unit = exp.var(unit.name.upper() if unit else "DAY")
     30        interval = exp.Interval(this=expression.expression, unit=unit)
     31        return f"{data_type}_{kind}({this}, {self.sql(interval)})"
     32
     33    return func
     34
     35
     36def _derived_table_values_to_unnest(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.Values) -> str:
     37    if not isinstance(expression.unnest().parent, exp.From):
     38        return self.values_sql(expression)
     39
     40    alias = expression.args.get("alias")
     41
     42    structs = [
     43        exp.Struct(
     44            expressions=[
     45                exp.alias_(value, column_name)
     46                for value, column_name in zip(
     47                    t.expressions,
     48                    alias.columns
     49                    if alias and alias.columns
     50                    else (f"_c{i}" for i in range(len(t.expressions))),
     51                )
     52            ]
     53        )
     54        for t in expression.find_all(exp.Tuple)
     55    ]
     56
     57    return self.unnest_sql(exp.Unnest(expressions=[exp.Array(expressions=structs)]))
     58
     59
     60def _returnsproperty_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
     61    this = expression.this
     62    if isinstance(this, exp.Schema):
     63        this = f"{this.this} <{self.expressions(this)}>"
     64    else:
     65        this = self.sql(this)
     66    return f"RETURNS {this}"
     67
     68
     69def _create_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
     70    kind = expression.args["kind"]
     71    returns = expression.find(exp.ReturnsProperty)
     72    if kind.upper() == "FUNCTION" and returns and returns.args.get("is_table"):
     73        expression = expression.copy()
     74        expression.set("kind", "TABLE FUNCTION")
     75        if isinstance(
     76            expression.expression,
     77            (
     78                exp.Subquery,
     79                exp.Literal,
     80            ),
     81        ):
     82            expression.set("expression", expression.expression.this)
     83
     84        return self.create_sql(expression)
     85
     86    return self.create_sql(expression)
     87
     88
     89def _unqualify_unnest(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     90    """Remove references to unnest table aliases since bigquery doesn't allow them.
     91
     92    These are added by the optimizer's qualify_column step.
     93    """
     94    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select):
     95        for unnest in expression.find_all(exp.Unnest):
     96            if isinstance(unnest.parent, (exp.From, exp.Join)) and unnest.alias:
     97                for select in expression.selects:
     98                    for column in select.find_all(exp.Column):
     99                        if column.table == unnest.alias:
    100                            column.set("table", None)
    101
    102    return expression
    103
    104
    105class BigQuery(Dialect):
    106    unnest_column_only = True
    107    time_mapping = {
    108        "%M": "%-M",
    109        "%d": "%-d",
    110        "%m": "%-m",
    111        "%y": "%-y",
    112        "%H": "%-H",
    113        "%I": "%-I",
    114        "%S": "%-S",
    115        "%j": "%-j",
    116    }
    117
    118    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    119        QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
    120        COMMENTS = ["--", "#", ("/*", "*/")]
    121        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
    122        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
    123
    124        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
    125
    126        BYTE_STRINGS = [
    127            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("b", "B")
    128        ]
    129
    130        RAW_STRINGS = [
    131            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("r", "R")
    132        ]
    133
    134        KEYWORDS = {
    135            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    136            "ANY TYPE": TokenType.VARIANT,
    137            "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
    138            "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN,
    139            "CURRENT_DATETIME": TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME,
    140            "BYTES": TokenType.BINARY,
    141            "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    142            "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE,
    143            "INT64": TokenType.BIGINT,
    144            "RECORD": TokenType.STRUCT,
    145            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": TokenType.VOLATILE,
    146            "UNKNOWN": TokenType.NULL,
    147        }
    148        KEYWORDS.pop("DIV")
    149
    150    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    151        PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
    152
    153        LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
    154        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    155
    156        FUNCTIONS = {
    157            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    158            "DATE_TRUNC": lambda args: exp.DateTrunc(
    159                unit=exp.Literal.string(str(seq_get(args, 1))),
    160                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    161            ),
    162            "DATE_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateAdd),
    163            "DATETIME_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeAdd),
    164            "DIV": lambda args: exp.IntDiv(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1)),
    165            "REGEXP_CONTAINS": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
    166            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
    167                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    168                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    169                position=seq_get(args, 2),
    170                occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
    171                group=exp.Literal.number(1)
    172                if re.compile(str(seq_get(args, 1))).groups == 1
    173                else None,
    174            ),
    175            "TIME_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeAdd),
    176            "TIMESTAMP_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampAdd),
    177            "DATE_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateSub),
    178            "DATETIME_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeSub),
    179            "TIME_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeSub),
    180            "TIMESTAMP_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampSub),
    181            "PARSE_TIMESTAMP": lambda args: exp.StrToTime(
    182                this=seq_get(args, 1), format=seq_get(args, 0)
    183            ),
    184        }
    185
    186        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    187            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    188            "ARRAY": lambda self: self.expression(exp.Array, expressions=[self._parse_statement()]),
    189        }
    190        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    191
    192        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {
    193            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS,
    194            TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: exp.CurrentDatetime,
    195        }
    196
    197        NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {
    198            *parser.Parser.NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS,
    199            TokenType.TABLE,
    200        }
    201
    202        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
    203            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
    204            TokenType.VALUES,
    205        }
    206
    207        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    208            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    209            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": lambda self: self.expression(
    210                exp.StabilityProperty, this=exp.Literal.string("VOLATILE")
    211            ),
    212            "OPTIONS": lambda self: self._parse_with_property(),
    213        }
    214
    215        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
    216            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
    217            "OPTIONS": lambda self: exp.Properties(expressions=self._parse_with_property()),
    218        }
    219
    220        def _parse_table_part(self, schema: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    221            this = super()._parse_table_part(schema=schema)
    222
    223            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#table_names
    224            if isinstance(this, exp.Identifier):
    225                table_name = this.name
    226                while self._match(TokenType.DASH, advance=False) and self._next:
    227                    self._advance(2)
    228                    table_name += f"-{self._prev.text}"
    229
    230                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=this.args.get("quoted"))
    231
    232            return this
    233
    234        def _parse_table_parts(self, schema: bool = False) -> exp.Table:
    235            table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema)
    236            if isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier) and "." in table.name:
    237                catalog, db, this, *rest = (
    238                    t.cast(t.Optional[exp.Expression], exp.to_identifier(x))
    239                    for x in split_num_words(table.name, ".", 3)
    240                )
    241
    242                if rest and this:
    243                    this = exp.Dot.build(t.cast(t.List[exp.Expression], [this, *rest]))
    244
    245                table = exp.Table(this=this, db=db, catalog=catalog)
    246
    247            return table
    248
    249    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    250        EXPLICIT_UNION = True
    251        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    252        JOIN_HINTS = False
    253        TABLE_HINTS = False
    254        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
    255        RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
    256
    257        TRANSFORMS = {
    258            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    259            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
    260            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("ARRAY_LENGTH"),
    261            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    262                "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", e.this, e.args.get("zone"))
    263            ),
    264            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.remove_precision_parameterized_types]),
    265            exp.DateAdd: _date_add_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
    266            exp.DateSub: _date_add_sql("DATE", "SUB"),
    267            exp.DatetimeAdd: _date_add_sql("DATETIME", "ADD"),
    268            exp.DatetimeSub: _date_add_sql("DATETIME", "SUB"),
    269            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: f"DATE_DIFF({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')}, {self.sql(e.args.get('unit', 'DAY'))})",
    270            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    271            exp.DateTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_TRUNC", e.this, e.text("unit")),
    272            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
    273            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    274            exp.IntDiv: rename_func("DIV"),
    275            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    276            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    277            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    278                [_unqualify_unnest, transforms.eliminate_distinct_on]
    279            ),
    280            exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: f"PARSE_TIMESTAMP({self.format_time(e)}, {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    281            exp.TimeAdd: _date_add_sql("TIME", "ADD"),
    282            exp.TimeSub: _date_add_sql("TIME", "SUB"),
    283            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_add_sql("TIMESTAMP", "ADD"),
    284            exp.TimestampSub: _date_add_sql("TIMESTAMP", "SUB"),
    285            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    286            exp.TryCast: lambda self, e: f"SAFE_CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS {self.sql(e, 'to')})",
    287            exp.TsOrDsToDate: ts_or_ds_to_date_sql("bigquery"),
    288            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _date_add_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
    289            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    290            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    291            exp.Values: _derived_table_values_to_unnest,
    292            exp.ReturnsProperty: _returnsproperty_sql,
    293            exp.Create: _create_sql,
    294            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func(f"TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
    295            exp.StabilityProperty: lambda self, e: f"DETERMINISTIC"
    296            if e.name == "IMMUTABLE"
    297            else "NOT DETERMINISTIC",
    298            exp.RegexpLike: rename_func("REGEXP_CONTAINS"),
    299        }
    300
    301        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    302            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    303            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "BIGNUMERIC",
    304            exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "INT64",
    305            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTES",
    306            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BOOL",
    307            exp.DataType.Type.CHAR: "STRING",
    308            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
    309            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT64",
    310            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "FLOAT64",
    311            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INT64",
    312            exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR: "STRING",
    313            exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR: "STRING",
    314            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "INT64",
    315            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    316            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME",
    317            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    318            exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "INT64",
    319            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTES",
    320            exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR: "STRING",
    321            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "ANY TYPE",
    322        }
    323
    324        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    325            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    326            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    327            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    328        }
    329
    330        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {*generator.Generator.RESERVED_KEYWORDS, "hash"}
    331
    332        def array_sql(self, expression: exp.Array) -> str:
    333            first_arg = seq_get(expression.expressions, 0)
    334            if isinstance(first_arg, exp.Subqueryable):
    335                return f"ARRAY{self.wrap(self.sql(first_arg))}"
    336
    337            return inline_array_sql(self, expression)
    338
    339        def transaction_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    340            return "BEGIN TRANSACTION"
    341
    342        def commit_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    343            return "COMMIT TRANSACTION"
    344
    345        def rollback_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    346            return "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION"
    347
    348        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    349            return self.sql(expression)
    350
    351        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
    352            if not expression.args.get("distinct", False):
    353                self.unsupported("EXCEPT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
    354            return f"EXCEPT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
    355
    356        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
    357            if not expression.args.get("distinct", False):
    358                self.unsupported("INTERSECT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
    359            return f"INTERSECT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
    360
    361        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    362            return self.properties(properties, prefix=self.seg("OPTIONS"))

class BigQuery(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

    106class BigQuery(Dialect):
    107    unnest_column_only = True
    108    time_mapping = {
    109        "%M": "%-M",
    110        "%d": "%-d",
    111        "%m": "%-m",
    112        "%y": "%-y",
    113        "%H": "%-H",
    114        "%I": "%-I",
    115        "%S": "%-S",
    116        "%j": "%-j",
    117    }
    118
    119    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    120        QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
    121        COMMENTS = ["--", "#", ("/*", "*/")]
    122        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
    123        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
    124
    125        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
    126
    127        BYTE_STRINGS = [
    128            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("b", "B")
    129        ]
    130
    131        RAW_STRINGS = [
    132            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("r", "R")
    133        ]
    134
    135        KEYWORDS = {
    136            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    137            "ANY TYPE": TokenType.VARIANT,
    138            "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
    139            "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN,
    140            "CURRENT_DATETIME": TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME,
    141            "BYTES": TokenType.BINARY,
    142            "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    143            "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE,
    144            "INT64": TokenType.BIGINT,
    145            "RECORD": TokenType.STRUCT,
    146            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": TokenType.VOLATILE,
    147            "UNKNOWN": TokenType.NULL,
    148        }
    149        KEYWORDS.pop("DIV")
    150
    151    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    152        PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
    153
    154        LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
    155        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    156
    157        FUNCTIONS = {
    158            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    159            "DATE_TRUNC": lambda args: exp.DateTrunc(
    160                unit=exp.Literal.string(str(seq_get(args, 1))),
    161                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    162            ),
    163            "DATE_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateAdd),
    164            "DATETIME_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeAdd),
    165            "DIV": lambda args: exp.IntDiv(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1)),
    166            "REGEXP_CONTAINS": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
    167            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
    168                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    169                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    170                position=seq_get(args, 2),
    171                occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
    172                group=exp.Literal.number(1)
    173                if re.compile(str(seq_get(args, 1))).groups == 1
    174                else None,
    175            ),
    176            "TIME_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeAdd),
    177            "TIMESTAMP_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampAdd),
    178            "DATE_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateSub),
    179            "DATETIME_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeSub),
    180            "TIME_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeSub),
    181            "TIMESTAMP_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampSub),
    182            "PARSE_TIMESTAMP": lambda args: exp.StrToTime(
    183                this=seq_get(args, 1), format=seq_get(args, 0)
    184            ),
    185        }
    186
    187        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    188            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    189            "ARRAY": lambda self: self.expression(exp.Array, expressions=[self._parse_statement()]),
    190        }
    191        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    192
    193        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {
    194            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS,
    195            TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: exp.CurrentDatetime,
    196        }
    197
    198        NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {
    199            *parser.Parser.NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS,
    200            TokenType.TABLE,
    201        }
    202
    203        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
    204            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
    205            TokenType.VALUES,
    206        }
    207
    208        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    209            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    210            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": lambda self: self.expression(
    211                exp.StabilityProperty, this=exp.Literal.string("VOLATILE")
    212            ),
    213            "OPTIONS": lambda self: self._parse_with_property(),
    214        }
    215
    216        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
    217            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
    218            "OPTIONS": lambda self: exp.Properties(expressions=self._parse_with_property()),
    219        }
    220
    221        def _parse_table_part(self, schema: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    222            this = super()._parse_table_part(schema=schema)
    223
    224            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#table_names
    225            if isinstance(this, exp.Identifier):
    226                table_name = this.name
    227                while self._match(TokenType.DASH, advance=False) and self._next:
    228                    self._advance(2)
    229                    table_name += f"-{self._prev.text}"
    230
    231                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=this.args.get("quoted"))
    232
    233            return this
    234
    235        def _parse_table_parts(self, schema: bool = False) -> exp.Table:
    236            table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema)
    237            if isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier) and "." in table.name:
    238                catalog, db, this, *rest = (
    239                    t.cast(t.Optional[exp.Expression], exp.to_identifier(x))
    240                    for x in split_num_words(table.name, ".", 3)
    241                )
    242
    243                if rest and this:
    244                    this = exp.Dot.build(t.cast(t.List[exp.Expression], [this, *rest]))
    245
    246                table = exp.Table(this=this, db=db, catalog=catalog)
    247
    248            return table
    249
    250    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    251        EXPLICIT_UNION = True
    252        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    253        JOIN_HINTS = False
    254        TABLE_HINTS = False
    255        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
    256        RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
    257
    258        TRANSFORMS = {
    259            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    260            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
    261            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("ARRAY_LENGTH"),
    262            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    263                "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", e.this, e.args.get("zone"))
    264            ),
    265            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.remove_precision_parameterized_types]),
    266            exp.DateAdd: _date_add_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
    267            exp.DateSub: _date_add_sql("DATE", "SUB"),
    268            exp.DatetimeAdd: _date_add_sql("DATETIME", "ADD"),
    269            exp.DatetimeSub: _date_add_sql("DATETIME", "SUB"),
    270            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: f"DATE_DIFF({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')}, {self.sql(e.args.get('unit', 'DAY'))})",
    271            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    272            exp.DateTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_TRUNC", e.this, e.text("unit")),
    273            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
    274            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    275            exp.IntDiv: rename_func("DIV"),
    276            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    277            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    278            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    279                [_unqualify_unnest, transforms.eliminate_distinct_on]
    280            ),
    281            exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: f"PARSE_TIMESTAMP({self.format_time(e)}, {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    282            exp.TimeAdd: _date_add_sql("TIME", "ADD"),
    283            exp.TimeSub: _date_add_sql("TIME", "SUB"),
    284            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_add_sql("TIMESTAMP", "ADD"),
    285            exp.TimestampSub: _date_add_sql("TIMESTAMP", "SUB"),
    286            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    287            exp.TryCast: lambda self, e: f"SAFE_CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS {self.sql(e, 'to')})",
    288            exp.TsOrDsToDate: ts_or_ds_to_date_sql("bigquery"),
    289            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _date_add_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
    290            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    291            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    292            exp.Values: _derived_table_values_to_unnest,
    293            exp.ReturnsProperty: _returnsproperty_sql,
    294            exp.Create: _create_sql,
    295            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func(f"TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
    296            exp.StabilityProperty: lambda self, e: f"DETERMINISTIC"
    297            if e.name == "IMMUTABLE"
    298            else "NOT DETERMINISTIC",
    299            exp.RegexpLike: rename_func("REGEXP_CONTAINS"),
    300        }
    301
    302        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    303            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    304            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "BIGNUMERIC",
    305            exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "INT64",
    306            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTES",
    307            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BOOL",
    308            exp.DataType.Type.CHAR: "STRING",
    309            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
    310            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT64",
    311            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "FLOAT64",
    312            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INT64",
    313            exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR: "STRING",
    314            exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR: "STRING",
    315            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "INT64",
    316            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    317            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME",
    318            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    319            exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "INT64",
    320            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTES",
    321            exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR: "STRING",
    322            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "ANY TYPE",
    323        }
    324
    325        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    326            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    327            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    328            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    329        }
    330
    331        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {*generator.Generator.RESERVED_KEYWORDS, "hash"}
    332
    333        def array_sql(self, expression: exp.Array) -> str:
    334            first_arg = seq_get(expression.expressions, 0)
    335            if isinstance(first_arg, exp.Subqueryable):
    336                return f"ARRAY{self.wrap(self.sql(first_arg))}"
    337
    338            return inline_array_sql(self, expression)
    339
    340        def transaction_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    341            return "BEGIN TRANSACTION"
    342
    343        def commit_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    344            return "COMMIT TRANSACTION"
    345
    346        def rollback_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    347            return "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION"
    348
    349        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    350            return self.sql(expression)
    351
    352        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
    353            if not expression.args.get("distinct", False):
    354                self.unsupported("EXCEPT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
    355            return f"EXCEPT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
    356
    357        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
    358            if not expression.args.get("distinct", False):
    359                self.unsupported("INTERSECT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
    360            return f"INTERSECT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
    361
    362        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    363            return self.properties(properties, prefix=self.seg("OPTIONS"))

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect
  get_or_raise
  format_time
  parse
  parse_into
  generate
  transpile
  tokenize
  parser
  generator

class BigQuery.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    119    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    120        QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
    121        COMMENTS = ["--", "#", ("/*", "*/")]
    122        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
    123        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
    124
    125        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
    126
    127        BYTE_STRINGS = [
    128            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("b", "B")
    129        ]
    130
    131        RAW_STRINGS = [
    132            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("r", "R")
    133        ]
    134
    135        KEYWORDS = {
    136            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    137            "ANY TYPE": TokenType.VARIANT,
    138            "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
    139            "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN,
    140            "CURRENT_DATETIME": TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME,
    141            "BYTES": TokenType.BINARY,
    142            "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    143            "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE,
    144            "INT64": TokenType.BIGINT,
    145            "RECORD": TokenType.STRUCT,
    146            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": TokenType.VOLATILE,
    147            "UNKNOWN": TokenType.NULL,
    148        }
    149        KEYWORDS.pop("DIV")

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize

class BigQuery.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    151    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    152        PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
    153
    154        LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
    155        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    156
    157        FUNCTIONS = {
    158            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    159            "DATE_TRUNC": lambda args: exp.DateTrunc(
    160                unit=exp.Literal.string(str(seq_get(args, 1))),
    161                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    162            ),
    163            "DATE_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateAdd),
    164            "DATETIME_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeAdd),
    165            "DIV": lambda args: exp.IntDiv(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1)),
    166            "REGEXP_CONTAINS": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
    167            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
    168                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    169                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    170                position=seq_get(args, 2),
    171                occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
    172                group=exp.Literal.number(1)
    173                if re.compile(str(seq_get(args, 1))).groups == 1
    174                else None,
    175            ),
    176            "TIME_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeAdd),
    177            "TIMESTAMP_ADD": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampAdd),
    178            "DATE_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateSub),
    179            "DATETIME_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeSub),
    180            "TIME_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeSub),
    181            "TIMESTAMP_SUB": parse_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampSub),
    182            "PARSE_TIMESTAMP": lambda args: exp.StrToTime(
    183                this=seq_get(args, 1), format=seq_get(args, 0)
    184            ),
    185        }
    186
    187        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    188            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    189            "ARRAY": lambda self: self.expression(exp.Array, expressions=[self._parse_statement()]),
    190        }
    191        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    192
    193        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {
    194            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS,
    195            TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: exp.CurrentDatetime,
    196        }
    197
    198        NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {
    199            *parser.Parser.NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS,
    200            TokenType.TABLE,
    201        }
    202
    203        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
    204            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
    205            TokenType.VALUES,
    206        }
    207
    208        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    209            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    210            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": lambda self: self.expression(
    211                exp.StabilityProperty, this=exp.Literal.string("VOLATILE")
    212            ),
    213            "OPTIONS": lambda self: self._parse_with_property(),
    214        }
    215
    216        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
    217            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
    218            "OPTIONS": lambda self: exp.Properties(expressions=self._parse_with_property()),
    219        }
    220
    221        def _parse_table_part(self, schema: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    222            this = super()._parse_table_part(schema=schema)
    223
    224            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#table_names
    225            if isinstance(this, exp.Identifier):
    226                table_name = this.name
    227                while self._match(TokenType.DASH, advance=False) and self._next:
    228                    self._advance(2)
    229                    table_name += f"-{self._prev.text}"
    230
    231                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=this.args.get("quoted"))
    232
    233            return this
    234
    235        def _parse_table_parts(self, schema: bool = False) -> exp.Table:
    236            table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema)
    237            if isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier) and "." in table.name:
    238                catalog, db, this, *rest = (
    239                    t.cast(t.Optional[exp.Expression], exp.to_identifier(x))
    240                    for x in split_num_words(table.name, ".", 3)
    241                )
    242
    243                if rest and this:
    244                    this = exp.Dot.build(t.cast(t.List[exp.Expression], [this, *rest]))
    245
    246                table = exp.Table(this=this, db=db, catalog=catalog)
    247
    248            return table

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the `sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer` and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: the desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: determines the amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 50.
- index_offset: Index offset for arrays eg ARRAY[0] vs ARRAY[1] as the head of a list. Default: 0
- alias_post_tablesample: If the table alias comes after tablesample. Default: False
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- null_ordering: Indicates the default null ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Options are "nulls_are_small", "nulls_are_large", "nulls_are_last". Default: "nulls_are_small"

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression

class BigQuery.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

    250    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    251        EXPLICIT_UNION = True
    252        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    253        JOIN_HINTS = False
    254        TABLE_HINTS = False
    255        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
    256        RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
    257
    258        TRANSFORMS = {
    259            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    260            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
    261            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("ARRAY_LENGTH"),
    262            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    263                "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", e.this, e.args.get("zone"))
    264            ),
    265            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.remove_precision_parameterized_types]),
    266            exp.DateAdd: _date_add_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
    267            exp.DateSub: _date_add_sql("DATE", "SUB"),
    268            exp.DatetimeAdd: _date_add_sql("DATETIME", "ADD"),
    269            exp.DatetimeSub: _date_add_sql("DATETIME", "SUB"),
    270            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: f"DATE_DIFF({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')}, {self.sql(e.args.get('unit', 'DAY'))})",
    271            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    272            exp.DateTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_TRUNC", e.this, e.text("unit")),
    273            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
    274            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    275            exp.IntDiv: rename_func("DIV"),
    276            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    277            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    278            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    279                [_unqualify_unnest, transforms.eliminate_distinct_on]
    280            ),
    281            exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: f"PARSE_TIMESTAMP({self.format_time(e)}, {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    282            exp.TimeAdd: _date_add_sql("TIME", "ADD"),
    283            exp.TimeSub: _date_add_sql("TIME", "SUB"),
    284            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_add_sql("TIMESTAMP", "ADD"),
    285            exp.TimestampSub: _date_add_sql("TIMESTAMP", "SUB"),
    286            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    287            exp.TryCast: lambda self, e: f"SAFE_CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS {self.sql(e, 'to')})",
    288            exp.TsOrDsToDate: ts_or_ds_to_date_sql("bigquery"),
    289            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _date_add_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
    290            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    291            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    292            exp.Values: _derived_table_values_to_unnest,
    293            exp.ReturnsProperty: _returnsproperty_sql,
    294            exp.Create: _create_sql,
    295            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func(f"TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
    296            exp.StabilityProperty: lambda self, e: f"DETERMINISTIC"
    297            if e.name == "IMMUTABLE"
    298            else "NOT DETERMINISTIC",
    299            exp.RegexpLike: rename_func("REGEXP_CONTAINS"),
    300        }
    301
    302        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    303            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    304            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "BIGNUMERIC",
    305            exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "INT64",
    306            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTES",
    307            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BOOL",
    308            exp.DataType.Type.CHAR: "STRING",
    309            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
    310            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT64",
    311            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "FLOAT64",
    312            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INT64",
    313            exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR: "STRING",
    314            exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR: "STRING",
    315            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "INT64",
    316            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    317            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME",
    318            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    319            exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "INT64",
    320            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTES",
    321            exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR: "STRING",
    322            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "ANY TYPE",
    323        }
    324
    325        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    326            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    327            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    328            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    329        }
    330
    331        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {*generator.Generator.RESERVED_KEYWORDS, "hash"}
    332
    333        def array_sql(self, expression: exp.Array) -> str:
    334            first_arg = seq_get(expression.expressions, 0)
    335            if isinstance(first_arg, exp.Subqueryable):
    336                return f"ARRAY{self.wrap(self.sql(first_arg))}"
    337
    338            return inline_array_sql(self, expression)
    339
    340        def transaction_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    341            return "BEGIN TRANSACTION"
    342
    343        def commit_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    344            return "COMMIT TRANSACTION"
    345
    346        def rollback_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    347            return "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION"
    348
    349        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    350            return self.sql(expression)
    351
    352        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
    353            if not expression.args.get("distinct", False):
    354                self.unsupported("EXCEPT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
    355            return f"EXCEPT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
    356
    357        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
    358            if not expression.args.get("distinct", False):
    359                self.unsupported("INTERSECT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
    360            return f"INTERSECT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
    361
    362        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    363            return self.properties(properties, prefix=self.seg("OPTIONS"))

Generator interprets the given syntax tree and produces a SQL string as an output.

###### Arguments:

- time_mapping (dict): the dictionary of custom time mappings in which the key represents a python time format and the output the target time format
- time_trie (trie): a trie of the time_mapping keys
- pretty (bool): if set to True the returned string will be formatted. Default: False.
- quote_start (str): specifies which starting character to use to delimit quotes. Default: '.
- quote_end (str): specifies which ending character to use to delimit quotes. Default: '.
- identifier_start (str): specifies which starting character to use to delimit identifiers. Default: ".
- identifier_end (str): specifies which ending character to use to delimit identifiers. Default: ".
- bit_start (str): specifies which starting character to use to delimit bit literals. Default: None.
- bit_end (str): specifies which ending character to use to delimit bit literals. Default: None.
- hex_start (str): specifies which starting character to use to delimit hex literals. Default: None.
- hex_end (str): specifies which ending character to use to delimit hex literals. Default: None.
- byte_start (str): specifies which starting character to use to delimit byte literals. Default: None.
- byte_end (str): specifies which ending character to use to delimit byte literals. Default: None.
- raw_start (str): specifies which starting character to use to delimit raw literals. Default: None.
- raw_end (str): specifies which ending character to use to delimit raw literals. Default: None.
- identify (bool | str): 'always': always quote, 'safe': quote identifiers if they don't contain an upcase, True defaults to always.
- normalize (bool): if set to True all identifiers will lower cased
- string_escape (str): specifies a string escape character. Default: '.
- identifier_escape (str): specifies an identifier escape character. Default: ".
- pad (int): determines padding in a formatted string. Default: 2.
- indent (int): determines the size of indentation in a formatted string. Default: 4.
- unnest_column_only (bool): if true unnest table aliases are considered only as column aliases
- normalize_functions (str): normalize function names, "upper", "lower", or None Default: "upper"
- alias_post_tablesample (bool): if the table alias comes after tablesample Default: False
- identifiers_can_start_with_digit (bool): if an unquoted identifier can start with digit Default: False
- unsupported_level (ErrorLevel): determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- null_ordering (str): Indicates the default null ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Options are "nulls_are_small", "nulls_are_large", "nulls_are_last". Default: "nulls_are_small"
- max_unsupported (int): Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma (bool): if the the comma is leading or trailing in select statements Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether or not to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

def array_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Array) -> str: View Source

    333        def array_sql(self, expression: exp.Array) -> str:
    334            first_arg = seq_get(expression.expressions, 0)
    335            if isinstance(first_arg, exp.Subqueryable):
    336                return f"ARRAY{self.wrap(self.sql(first_arg))}"
    337
    338            return inline_array_sql(self, expression)

def transaction_sql(self, *_) -> str: View Source

    340        def transaction_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    341            return "BEGIN TRANSACTION"

def commit_sql(self, *_) -> str: View Source

    343        def commit_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    344            return "COMMIT TRANSACTION"

def rollback_sql(self, *_) -> str: View Source

    346        def rollback_sql(self, *_) -> str:
    347            return "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION"

def in_unnest_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Unnest) -> str: View Source

    349        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    350            return self.sql(expression)

def except_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Except) -> str: View Source

    352        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
    353            if not expression.args.get("distinct", False):
    354                self.unsupported("EXCEPT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
    355            return f"EXCEPT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"

def intersect_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Intersect) -> str: View Source

    357        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
    358            if not expression.args.get("distinct", False):
    359                self.unsupported("INTERSECT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
    360            return f"INTERSECT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"

def with_properties(self, properties: sqlglot.expressions.Properties) -> str: View Source

    362        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    363            return self.properties(properties, prefix=self.seg("OPTIONS"))

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  generate
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  create_sql
  clone_sql
  describe_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypesize_sql
  datatype_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  drop_sql
  except_sql
  fetch_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  locate_properties
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  intersect_sql
  introducer_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  table_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  values_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  cluster_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
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  after_limit_modifiers
  select_sql
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  placeholder_sql
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  qualify_sql
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  case_sql
  constraint_sql
  nextvaluefor_sql
  extract_sql
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  concat_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
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  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  openjsoncolumndef_sql
  openjson_sql
  in_sql
  interval_sql
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
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  attimezone_sql
  add_sql
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  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
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  bitwisenot_sql
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  cast_sql
  currentdate_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  mergetreettlaction_sql
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  altercolumn_sql
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  altertable_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  intdiv_sql
  dpipe_sql
  div_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  eq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  ilike_sql
  ilikeany_sql
  is_sql
  like_sql
  likeany_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
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  mod_sql
  mul_sql
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  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  or_sql
  slice_sql
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  trycast_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  text_width
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  set_operation
  tag_sql
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  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql
  dictproperty_sql
  dictrange_sql
  dictsubproperty_sql