sqlglot.dialects.presto API documentation

Edit on GitHub

# sqlglot.dialects.presto

View Source

      1from __future__ import annotations
      2
      3import typing as t
      4
      5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
      6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
      7    Dialect,
      8    date_trunc_to_time,
      9    format_time_lambda,
     10    if_sql,
     11    no_ilike_sql,
     12    no_safe_divide_sql,
     13    rename_func,
     14    struct_extract_sql,
     15    timestamptrunc_sql,
     16    timestrtotime_sql,
     17)
     18from sqlglot.dialects.mysql import MySQL
     19from sqlglot.errors import UnsupportedError
     20from sqlglot.helper import seq_get
     21from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
     22
     23
     24def _approx_distinct_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.ApproxDistinct) -> str:
     25    accuracy = expression.args.get("accuracy")
     26    accuracy = ", " + self.sql(accuracy) if accuracy else ""
     27    return f"APPROX_DISTINCT({self.sql(expression, 'this')}{accuracy})"
     28
     29
     30def _datatype_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
     31    sql = self.datatype_sql(expression)
     32    if expression.this == exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ:
     33        sql = f"{sql} WITH TIME ZONE"
     34    return sql
     35
     36
     37def _explode_to_unnest_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
     38    if isinstance(expression.this, (exp.Explode, exp.Posexplode)):
     39        return self.sql(
     40            exp.Join(
     41                this=exp.Unnest(
     42                    expressions=[expression.this.this],
     43                    alias=expression.args.get("alias"),
     44                    ordinality=isinstance(expression.this, exp.Posexplode),
     45                ),
     46                kind="cross",
     47            )
     48        )
     49    return self.lateral_sql(expression)
     50
     51
     52def _initcap_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.Initcap) -> str:
     53    regex = r"(\w)(\w*)"
     54    return f"REGEXP_REPLACE({self.sql(expression, 'this')}, '{regex}', x -> UPPER(x[1]) || LOWER(x[2]))"
     55
     56
     57def _decode_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.Decode) -> str:
     58    _ensure_utf8(expression.args["charset"])
     59    return self.func("FROM_UTF8", expression.this, expression.args.get("replace"))
     60
     61
     62def _encode_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.Encode) -> str:
     63    _ensure_utf8(expression.args["charset"])
     64    return f"TO_UTF8({self.sql(expression, 'this')})"
     65
     66
     67def _no_sort_array(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.SortArray) -> str:
     68    if expression.args.get("asc") == exp.false():
     69        comparator = "(a, b) -> CASE WHEN a < b THEN 1 WHEN a > b THEN -1 ELSE 0 END"
     70    else:
     71        comparator = None
     72    return self.func("ARRAY_SORT", expression.this, comparator)
     73
     74
     75def _schema_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.Schema) -> str:
     76    if isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Property):
     77        columns = ", ".join(f"'{c.name}'" for c in expression.expressions)
     78        return f"ARRAY[{columns}]"
     79
     80    if expression.parent:
     81        for schema in expression.parent.find_all(exp.Schema):
     82            if isinstance(schema.parent, exp.Property):
     83                expression = expression.copy()
     84                expression.expressions.extend(schema.expressions)
     85
     86    return self.schema_sql(expression)
     87
     88
     89def _quantile_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.Quantile) -> str:
     90    self.unsupported("Presto does not support exact quantiles")
     91    return f"APPROX_PERCENTILE({self.sql(expression, 'this')}, {self.sql(expression, 'quantile')})"
     92
     93
     94def _str_to_time_sql(
     95    self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.StrToDate | exp.StrToTime | exp.TsOrDsToDate
     96) -> str:
     97    return f"DATE_PARSE({self.sql(expression, 'this')}, {self.format_time(expression)})"
     98
     99
    100def _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsToDate) -> str:
    101    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
    102    if time_format and time_format not in (Presto.time_format, Presto.date_format):
    103        return f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, expression)} AS DATE)"
    104    return f"CAST(SUBSTR(CAST({self.sql(expression, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), 1, 10) AS DATE)"
    105
    106
    107def _ts_or_ds_add_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsAdd) -> str:
    108    this = expression.this
    109
    110    if not isinstance(this, exp.CurrentDate):
    111        this = self.func(
    112            "DATE_PARSE",
    113            self.func(
    114                "SUBSTR",
    115                this if this.is_string else exp.cast(this, "VARCHAR"),
    116                exp.Literal.number(1),
    117                exp.Literal.number(10),
    118            ),
    119            Presto.date_format,
    120        )
    121
    122    return self.func(
    123        "DATE_ADD",
    124        exp.Literal.string(expression.text("unit") or "day"),
    125        expression.expression,
    126        this,
    127    )
    128
    129
    130def _sequence_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.GenerateSeries) -> str:
    131    start = expression.args["start"]
    132    end = expression.args["end"]
    133    step = expression.args.get("step", 1)  # Postgres defaults to 1 for generate_series
    134
    135    target_type = None
    136
    137    if isinstance(start, exp.Cast):
    138        target_type = start.to
    139    elif isinstance(end, exp.Cast):
    140        target_type = end.to
    141
    142    if target_type and target_type.this == exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP:
    143        to = target_type.copy()
    144
    145        if target_type is start.to:
    146            end = exp.Cast(this=end, to=to)
    147        else:
    148            start = exp.Cast(this=start, to=to)
    149
    150    return self.func("SEQUENCE", start, end, step)
    151
    152
    153def _ensure_utf8(charset: exp.Literal) -> None:
    154    if charset.name.lower() != "utf-8":
    155        raise UnsupportedError(f"Unsupported charset {charset}")
    156
    157
    158def _approx_percentile(args: t.Sequence) -> exp.Expression:
    159    if len(args) == 4:
    160        return exp.ApproxQuantile(
    161            this=seq_get(args, 0),
    162            weight=seq_get(args, 1),
    163            quantile=seq_get(args, 2),
    164            accuracy=seq_get(args, 3),
    165        )
    166    if len(args) == 3:
    167        return exp.ApproxQuantile(
    168            this=seq_get(args, 0),
    169            quantile=seq_get(args, 1),
    170            accuracy=seq_get(args, 2),
    171        )
    172    return exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list(args)
    173
    174
    175def _from_unixtime(args: t.Sequence) -> exp.Expression:
    176    if len(args) == 3:
    177        return exp.UnixToTime(
    178            this=seq_get(args, 0),
    179            hours=seq_get(args, 1),
    180            minutes=seq_get(args, 2),
    181        )
    182    if len(args) == 2:
    183        return exp.UnixToTime(
    184            this=seq_get(args, 0),
    185            zone=seq_get(args, 1),
    186        )
    187    return exp.UnixToTime.from_arg_list(args)
    188
    189
    190class Presto(Dialect):
    191    index_offset = 1
    192    null_ordering = "nulls_are_last"
    193    time_format = MySQL.time_format  # type: ignore
    194    time_mapping = MySQL.time_mapping  # type: ignore
    195
    196    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    197        KEYWORDS = {
    198            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    199            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    200            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    201        }
    202
    203    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    204        FUNCTIONS = {
    205            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,  # type: ignore
    206            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    207            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    208            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    209            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    210                this=seq_get(args, 2),
    211                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    212                unit=seq_get(args, 0),
    213            ),
    214            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    215                this=seq_get(args, 2),
    216                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    217                unit=seq_get(args, 0),
    218            ),
    219            "DATE_FORMAT": format_time_lambda(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    220            "DATE_PARSE": format_time_lambda(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    221            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    222            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _from_unixtime,
    223            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    224            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    225                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    226                substr=seq_get(args, 1),
    227                instance=seq_get(args, 2),
    228            ),
    229            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    230            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _approx_percentile,
    231            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    232            "TO_HEX": exp.Hex.from_arg_list,
    233            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    234                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    235            ),
    236            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    237                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    238            ),
    239        }
    240        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    241        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    242
    243    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    244        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    245        JOIN_HINTS = False
    246        TABLE_HINTS = False
    247        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    248
    249        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    250            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,  # type: ignore
    251            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    252            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    253        }
    254
    255        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    256            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,  # type: ignore
    257            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    258            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    259            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    260            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    261            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    262            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    263        }
    264
    265        TRANSFORMS = {
    266            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,  # type: ignore
    267            **transforms.UNALIAS_GROUP,  # type: ignore
    268            exp.ApproxDistinct: _approx_distinct_sql,
    269            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    270            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    271            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    272            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("CARDINALITY"),
    273            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_AND({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    274            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    275            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_NOT({self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    276            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_OR({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    277            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    278            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_XOR({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    279            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    280            exp.DataType: _datatype_sql,
    281            exp.DateAdd: lambda self, e: self.func(
    282                "DATE_ADD", exp.Literal.string(e.text("unit") or "day"), e.expression, e.this
    283            ),
    284            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    285                "DATE_DIFF", exp.Literal.string(e.text("unit") or "day"), e.expression, e.this
    286            ),
    287            exp.DateStrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.date_format}) AS DATE)",
    288            exp.DateToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.dateint_format}) AS INT)",
    289            exp.Decode: _decode_sql,
    290            exp.DiToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.dateint_format}) AS DATE)",
    291            exp.Encode: _encode_sql,
    292            exp.GenerateSeries: _sequence_sql,
    293            exp.Hex: rename_func("TO_HEX"),
    294            exp.If: if_sql,
    295            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    296            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    297            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
    298            exp.Levenshtein: rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE"),
    299            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    300            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    301            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    302            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    303            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
    304            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    305            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    306                [transforms.eliminate_qualify, transforms.explode_to_unnest]
    307            ),
    308            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    309            exp.StrPosition: rename_func("STRPOS"),
    310            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    311            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    312            exp.StrToUnix: lambda self, e: f"TO_UNIXTIME(DATE_PARSE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)}))",
    313            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    314            exp.TableFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"TABLE_FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
    315            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
    316            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql,
    317            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    318            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    319            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: f"TO_UNIXTIME(DATE_PARSE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.time_format}))",
    320            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: f"DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})",
    321            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    322            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    323            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    324            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    325            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    326            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self, e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    327            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    328            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self, e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    329            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    330        }
    331
    332        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    333            unit = self.sql(expression, "unit")
    334            if expression.this and unit.lower().startswith("week"):
    335                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' day)"
    336            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    337
    338        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    339            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    340            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    341            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"

class Presto(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

    191class Presto(Dialect):
    192    index_offset = 1
    193    null_ordering = "nulls_are_last"
    194    time_format = MySQL.time_format  # type: ignore
    195    time_mapping = MySQL.time_mapping  # type: ignore
    196
    197    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    198        KEYWORDS = {
    199            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    200            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    201            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    202        }
    203
    204    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    205        FUNCTIONS = {
    206            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,  # type: ignore
    207            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    208            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    209            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    210            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    211                this=seq_get(args, 2),
    212                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    213                unit=seq_get(args, 0),
    214            ),
    215            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    216                this=seq_get(args, 2),
    217                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    218                unit=seq_get(args, 0),
    219            ),
    220            "DATE_FORMAT": format_time_lambda(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    221            "DATE_PARSE": format_time_lambda(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    222            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    223            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _from_unixtime,
    224            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    225            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    226                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    227                substr=seq_get(args, 1),
    228                instance=seq_get(args, 2),
    229            ),
    230            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    231            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _approx_percentile,
    232            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    233            "TO_HEX": exp.Hex.from_arg_list,
    234            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    235                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    236            ),
    237            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    238                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    239            ),
    240        }
    241        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    242        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    243
    244    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    245        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    246        JOIN_HINTS = False
    247        TABLE_HINTS = False
    248        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    249
    250        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    251            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,  # type: ignore
    252            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    253            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    254        }
    255
    256        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    257            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,  # type: ignore
    258            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    259            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    260            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    261            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    262            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    263            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    264        }
    265
    266        TRANSFORMS = {
    267            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,  # type: ignore
    268            **transforms.UNALIAS_GROUP,  # type: ignore
    269            exp.ApproxDistinct: _approx_distinct_sql,
    270            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    271            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    272            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    273            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("CARDINALITY"),
    274            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_AND({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    275            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    276            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_NOT({self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    277            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_OR({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    278            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    279            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_XOR({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    280            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    281            exp.DataType: _datatype_sql,
    282            exp.DateAdd: lambda self, e: self.func(
    283                "DATE_ADD", exp.Literal.string(e.text("unit") or "day"), e.expression, e.this
    284            ),
    285            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    286                "DATE_DIFF", exp.Literal.string(e.text("unit") or "day"), e.expression, e.this
    287            ),
    288            exp.DateStrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.date_format}) AS DATE)",
    289            exp.DateToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.dateint_format}) AS INT)",
    290            exp.Decode: _decode_sql,
    291            exp.DiToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.dateint_format}) AS DATE)",
    292            exp.Encode: _encode_sql,
    293            exp.GenerateSeries: _sequence_sql,
    294            exp.Hex: rename_func("TO_HEX"),
    295            exp.If: if_sql,
    296            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    297            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    298            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
    299            exp.Levenshtein: rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE"),
    300            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    301            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    302            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    303            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    304            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
    305            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    306            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    307                [transforms.eliminate_qualify, transforms.explode_to_unnest]
    308            ),
    309            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    310            exp.StrPosition: rename_func("STRPOS"),
    311            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    312            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    313            exp.StrToUnix: lambda self, e: f"TO_UNIXTIME(DATE_PARSE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)}))",
    314            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    315            exp.TableFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"TABLE_FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
    316            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
    317            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql,
    318            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    319            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    320            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: f"TO_UNIXTIME(DATE_PARSE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.time_format}))",
    321            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: f"DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})",
    322            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    323            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    324            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    325            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    326            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    327            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self, e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    328            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    329            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self, e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    330            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    331        }
    332
    333        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    334            unit = self.sql(expression, "unit")
    335            if expression.this and unit.lower().startswith("week"):
    336                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' day)"
    337            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    338
    339        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    340            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    341            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    342            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect
  get_or_raise
  format_time
  parse
  parse_into
  generate
  transpile
  tokenize
  parser
  generator

class Presto.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    197    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    198        KEYWORDS = {
    199            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    200            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    201            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    202        }

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize

class Presto.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    204    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    205        FUNCTIONS = {
    206            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,  # type: ignore
    207            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    208            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    209            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    210            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    211                this=seq_get(args, 2),
    212                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    213                unit=seq_get(args, 0),
    214            ),
    215            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    216                this=seq_get(args, 2),
    217                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    218                unit=seq_get(args, 0),
    219            ),
    220            "DATE_FORMAT": format_time_lambda(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    221            "DATE_PARSE": format_time_lambda(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    222            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    223            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _from_unixtime,
    224            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    225            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    226                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    227                substr=seq_get(args, 1),
    228                instance=seq_get(args, 2),
    229            ),
    230            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    231            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _approx_percentile,
    232            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    233            "TO_HEX": exp.Hex.from_arg_list,
    234            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    235                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    236            ),
    237            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    238                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    239            ),
    240        }
    241        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    242        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the `sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer` and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: the desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.RAISE
- error_message_context: determines the amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 50.
- index_offset: Index offset for arrays eg ARRAY[0] vs ARRAY[1] as the head of a list. Default: 0
- alias_post_tablesample: If the table alias comes after tablesample. Default: False
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- null_ordering: Indicates the default null ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Options are "nulls_are_small", "nulls_are_large", "nulls_are_last". Default: "nulls_are_small"

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression

class Presto.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

    244    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    245        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    246        JOIN_HINTS = False
    247        TABLE_HINTS = False
    248        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    249
    250        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    251            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,  # type: ignore
    252            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    253            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    254        }
    255
    256        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    257            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,  # type: ignore
    258            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    259            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    260            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    261            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    262            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    263            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    264        }
    265
    266        TRANSFORMS = {
    267            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,  # type: ignore
    268            **transforms.UNALIAS_GROUP,  # type: ignore
    269            exp.ApproxDistinct: _approx_distinct_sql,
    270            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    271            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    272            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    273            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("CARDINALITY"),
    274            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_AND({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    275            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    276            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_NOT({self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    277            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_OR({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    278            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    279            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: f"BITWISE_XOR({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    280            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    281            exp.DataType: _datatype_sql,
    282            exp.DateAdd: lambda self, e: self.func(
    283                "DATE_ADD", exp.Literal.string(e.text("unit") or "day"), e.expression, e.this
    284            ),
    285            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    286                "DATE_DIFF", exp.Literal.string(e.text("unit") or "day"), e.expression, e.this
    287            ),
    288            exp.DateStrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.date_format}) AS DATE)",
    289            exp.DateToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.dateint_format}) AS INT)",
    290            exp.Decode: _decode_sql,
    291            exp.DiToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.dateint_format}) AS DATE)",
    292            exp.Encode: _encode_sql,
    293            exp.GenerateSeries: _sequence_sql,
    294            exp.Hex: rename_func("TO_HEX"),
    295            exp.If: if_sql,
    296            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    297            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    298            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
    299            exp.Levenshtein: rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE"),
    300            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    301            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    302            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    303            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    304            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
    305            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    306            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    307                [transforms.eliminate_qualify, transforms.explode_to_unnest]
    308            ),
    309            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    310            exp.StrPosition: rename_func("STRPOS"),
    311            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    312            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    313            exp.StrToUnix: lambda self, e: f"TO_UNIXTIME(DATE_PARSE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)}))",
    314            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    315            exp.TableFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"TABLE_FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
    316            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
    317            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql,
    318            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    319            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    320            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: f"TO_UNIXTIME(DATE_PARSE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.time_format}))",
    321            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: f"DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})",
    322            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    323            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    324            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    325            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    326            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    327            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self, e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    328            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    329            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self, e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    330            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    331        }
    332
    333        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    334            unit = self.sql(expression, "unit")
    335            if expression.this and unit.lower().startswith("week"):
    336                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' day)"
    337            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    338
    339        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    340            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    341            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    342            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"

Generator interprets the given syntax tree and produces a SQL string as an output.

###### Arguments:

- time_mapping (dict): the dictionary of custom time mappings in which the key represents a python time format and the output the target time format
- time_trie (trie): a trie of the time_mapping keys
- pretty (bool): if set to True the returned string will be formatted. Default: False.
- quote_start (str): specifies which starting character to use to delimit quotes. Default: '.
- quote_end (str): specifies which ending character to use to delimit quotes. Default: '.
- identifier_start (str): specifies which starting character to use to delimit identifiers. Default: ".
- identifier_end (str): specifies which ending character to use to delimit identifiers. Default: ".
- identify (bool | str): 'always': always quote, 'safe': quote identifiers if they don't contain an upcase, True defaults to always.
- normalize (bool): if set to True all identifiers will lower cased
- string_escape (str): specifies a string escape character. Default: '.
- identifier_escape (str): specifies an identifier escape character. Default: ".
- pad (int): determines padding in a formatted string. Default: 2.
- indent (int): determines the size of indentation in a formatted string. Default: 4.
- unnest_column_only (bool): if true unnest table aliases are considered only as column aliases
- normalize_functions (str): normalize function names, "upper", "lower", or None Default: "upper"
- alias_post_tablesample (bool): if the table alias comes after tablesample Default: False
- unsupported_level (ErrorLevel): determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- null_ordering (str): Indicates the default null ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Options are "nulls_are_small", "nulls_are_large", "nulls_are_last". Default: "nulls_are_small"
- max_unsupported (int): Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma (bool): if the the comma is leading or trailing in select statements Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether or not to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

def interval_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Interval) -> str: View Source

    333        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    334            unit = self.sql(expression, "unit")
    335            if expression.this and unit.lower().startswith("week"):
    336                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' day)"
    337            return super().interval_sql(expression)

def transaction_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Transaction) -> str: View Source

    339        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    340            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    341            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    342            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  generate
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  create_sql
  describe_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  datatype_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  drop_sql
  except_sql
  except_op
  fetch_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  with_properties
  locate_properties
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  afterjournalproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  intersect_sql
  intersect_op
  introducer_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  table_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  values_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  cluster_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  select_sql
  schema_sql
  star_sql
  structkwarg_sql
  parameter_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
  subquery_sql
  qualify_sql
  union_sql
  union_op
  unnest_sql
  where_sql
  window_sql
  partition_by_sql
  window_spec_sql
  withingroup_sql
  between_sql
  bracket_sql
  all_sql
  any_sql
  exists_sql
  case_sql
  constraint_sql
  extract_sql
  trim_sql
  concat_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
  primarykey_sql
  unique_sql
  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  in_sql
  in_unnest_op
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
  aliases_sql
  attimezone_sql
  add_sql
  and_sql
  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
  bitwiseleftshift_sql
  bitwisenot_sql
  bitwiseor_sql
  bitwiserightshift_sql
  bitwisexor_sql
  cast_sql
  currentdate_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  commit_sql
  rollback_sql
  altercolumn_sql
  renametable_sql
  altertable_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  intdiv_sql
  dpipe_sql
  div_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  eq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  ilike_sql
  ilikeany_sql
  is_sql
  like_sql
  likeany_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
  lte_sql
  mod_sql
  mul_sql
  neq_sql
  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  or_sql
  slice_sql
  sub_sql
  trycast_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  text_width
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  set_operation
  tag_sql
  token_sql
  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql