#! /usr/bin/env python3

"""
Sherlock: Find Usernames Across Social Networks Module

This module contains the main logic to search for usernames at social
networks.
"""

import csv
import signal
import pandas as pd
import os
import platform
import re
import sys
from argparse import ArgumentParser, RawDescriptionHelpFormatter
from time import monotonic

import requests

from requests_futures.sessions import FuturesSession
from torrequest import TorRequest
from result import QueryStatus
from result import QueryResult
from notify import QueryNotifyPrint
from sites import SitesInformation
from colorama import init
from argparse import ArgumentTypeError

module_name = "Sherlock: Find Usernames Across Social Networks"
__version__ = "0.14.4"


class SherlockFuturesSession(FuturesSession):
    def request(self, method, url, hooks=None, *args, **kwargs):
        """Request URL.

        This extends the FuturesSession request method to calculate a response
        time metric to each request.

        It is taken (almost) directly from the following Stack Overflow answer:
        https://github.com/ross/requests-futures#working-in-the-background

        Keyword Arguments:
        self                   -- This object.
        method                 -- String containing method desired for request.
        url                    -- String containing URL for request.
        hooks                  -- Dictionary containing hooks to execute after
                                  request finishes.
        args                   -- Arguments.
        kwargs                 -- Keyword arguments.

        Return Value:
        Request object.
        """
        # Record the start time for the request.
        if hooks is None:
            hooks = {}
        start = monotonic()

        def response_time(resp, *args, **kwargs):
            """Response Time Hook.

            Keyword Arguments:
            resp                   -- Response object.
            args                   -- Arguments.
            kwargs                 -- Keyword arguments.

            Return Value:
            Nothing.
            """
            resp.elapsed = monotonic() - start

            return

        # Install hook to execute when response completes.
        # Make sure that the time measurement hook is first, so we will not
        # track any later hook's execution time.
        try:
            if isinstance(hooks["response"], list):
                hooks["response"].insert(0, response_time)
            elif isinstance(hooks["response"], tuple):
                # Convert tuple to list and insert time measurement hook first.
                hooks["response"] = list(hooks["response"])
                hooks["response"].insert(0, response_time)
            else:
                # Must have previously contained a single hook function,
                # so convert to list.
                hooks["response"] = [response_time, hooks["response"]]
        except KeyError:
            # No response hook was already defined, so install it ourselves.
            hooks["response"] = [response_time]

        return super(SherlockFuturesSession, self).request(
            method, url, hooks=hooks, *args, **kwargs
        )


def get_response(request_future, error_type, social_network):
    # Default for Response object if some failure occurs.
    response = None

    error_context = "General Unknown Error"
    exception_text = None
    try:
        response = request_future.result()
        if response.status_code:
            # Status code exists in response object
            error_context = None
    except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as errh:
        error_context = "HTTP Error"
        exception_text = str(errh)
    except requests.exceptions.ProxyError as errp:
        error_context = "Proxy Error"
        exception_text = str(errp)
    except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError as errc:
        error_context = "Error Connecting"
        exception_text = str(errc)
    except requests.exceptions.Timeout as errt:
        error_context = "Timeout Error"
        exception_text = str(errt)
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as err:
        error_context = "Unknown Error"
        exception_text = str(err)

    return response, error_context, exception_text


def interpolate_string(input_object, username):
    if isinstance(input_object, str):
        return input_object.replace("{}", username)
    elif isinstance(input_object, dict):
        return {k: interpolate_string(v, username) for k, v in input_object.items()}
    elif isinstance(input_object, list):
        return [interpolate_string(i, username) for i in input_object]
    return input_object


def check_for_parameter(username):
    """checks if {?} exists in the username
    if exist it means that sherlock is looking for more multiple username"""
    return "{?}" in username


checksymbols = []
checksymbols = ["_", "-", "."]


def multiple_usernames(username):
    """replace the parameter with with symbols and return a list of usernames"""
    allUsernames = []
    for i in checksymbols:
        allUsernames.append(username.replace("{?}", i))
    return allUsernames


def sherlock(
    username,
    site_data,
    query_notify,
    tor=False,
    unique_tor=False,
    proxy=None,
    timeout=60,
):
    """Run Sherlock Analysis.

    Checks for existence of username on various social media sites.

    Keyword Arguments:
    username               -- String indicating username that report
                              should be created against.
    site_data              -- Dictionary containing all of the site data.
    query_notify           -- Object with base type of QueryNotify().
                              This will be used to notify the caller about
                              query results.
    tor                    -- Boolean indicating whether to use a tor circuit for the requests.
    unique_tor             -- Boolean indicating whether to use a new tor circuit for each request.
    proxy                  -- String indicating the proxy URL
    timeout                -- Time in seconds to wait before timing out request.
                              Default is 60 seconds.

    Return Value:
    Dictionary containing results from report. Key of dictionary is the name
    of the social network site, and the value is another dictionary with
    the following keys:
        url_main:      URL of main site.
        url_user:      URL of user on site (if account exists).
        status:        QueryResult() object indicating results of test for
                       account existence.
        http_status:   HTTP status code of query which checked for existence on
                       site.
        response_text: Text that came back from request.  May be None if
                       there was an HTTP error when checking for existence.
    """

    # Notify caller that we are starting the query.
    query_notify.start(username)
    # Create session based on request methodology
    if tor or unique_tor:
        # Requests using Tor obfuscation
        try:
            underlying_request = TorRequest()
        except OSError:
            print("Tor not found in system path. Unable to continue.\n")
            sys.exit(query_notify.finish())

        underlying_session = underlying_request.session
    else:
        # Normal requests
        underlying_session = requests.session()
        underlying_request = requests.Request()

    # Limit number of workers to 20.
    # This is probably vastly overkill.
    if len(site_data) >= 20:
        max_workers = 20
    else:
        max_workers = len(site_data)

    # Create multi-threaded session for all requests.
    session = SherlockFuturesSession(
        max_workers=max_workers, session=underlying_session
    )

    # Results from analysis of all sites
    results_total = {}

    # First create futures for all requests. This allows for the requests to run in parallel
    for social_network, net_info in site_data.items():
        # Results from analysis of this specific site
        results_site = {"url_main": net_info.get("urlMain")}

        # Record URL of main site

        # A user agent is needed because some sites don't return the correct
        # information since they think that we are bots (Which we actually are...)
        headers = {
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:109.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/116.0",
        }

        if "headers" in net_info:
            # Override/append any extra headers required by a given site.
            headers.update(net_info["headers"])

        # URL of user on site (if it exists)
        url = interpolate_string(net_info["url"], username.replace(' ', '%20'))

        # Don't make request if username is invalid for the site
        regex_check = net_info.get("regexCheck")
        if regex_check and re.search(regex_check, username) is None:
            # No need to do the check at the site: this username is not allowed.
            results_site["status"] = QueryResult(
                username, social_network, url, QueryStatus.ILLEGAL
            )
            results_site["url_user"] = ""
            results_site["http_status"] = ""
            results_site["response_text"] = ""
            query_notify.update(results_site["status"])
        else:
            # URL of user on site (if it exists)
            results_site["url_user"] = url
            url_probe = net_info.get("urlProbe")
            request_method = net_info.get("request_method")
            request_payload = net_info.get("request_payload")
            request = None

            if request_method is not None:
                if request_method == "GET":
                    request = session.get
                elif request_method == "HEAD":
                    request = session.head
                elif request_method == "POST":
                    request = session.post
                elif request_method == "PUT":
                    request = session.put
                else:
                    raise RuntimeError(f"Unsupported request_method for {url}")

            if request_payload is not None:
                request_payload = interpolate_string(request_payload, username)

            if url_probe is None:
                # Probe URL is normal one seen by people out on the web.
                url_probe = url
            else:
                # There is a special URL for probing existence separate
                # from where the user profile normally can be found.
                url_probe = interpolate_string(url_probe, username)

            if request is None:
                if net_info["errorType"] == "status_code":
                    # In most cases when we are detecting by status code,
                    # it is not necessary to get the entire body:  we can
                    # detect fine with just the HEAD response.
                    request = session.head
                else:
                    # Either this detect method needs the content associated
                    # with the GET response, or this specific website will
                    # not respond properly unless we request the whole page.
                    request = session.get

            if net_info["errorType"] == "response_url":
                # Site forwards request to a different URL if username not
                # found.  Disallow the redirect so we can capture the
                # http status from the original URL request.
                allow_redirects = False
            else:
                # Allow whatever redirect that the site wants to do.
                # The final result of the request will be what is available.
                allow_redirects = True

            # This future starts running the request in a new thread, doesn't block the main thread
            if proxy is not None:
                proxies = {"http": proxy, "https": proxy}
                future = request(
                    url=url_probe,
                    headers=headers,
                    proxies=proxies,
                    allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
                    timeout=timeout,
                    json=request_payload,
                )
            else:
                future = request(
                    url=url_probe,
                    headers=headers,
                    allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
                    timeout=timeout,
                    json=request_payload,
                )

            # Store future in data for access later
            net_info["request_future"] = future

            # Reset identify for tor (if needed)
            if unique_tor:
                underlying_request.reset_identity()

        # Add this site's results into final dictionary with all the other results.
        results_total[social_network] = results_site

    # Open the file containing account links
    # Core logic: If tor requests, make them here. If multi-threaded requests, wait for responses
    for social_network, net_info in site_data.items():
        # Retrieve results again
        results_site = results_total.get(social_network)

        # Retrieve other site information again
        url = results_site.get("url_user")
        status = results_site.get("status")
        if status is not None:
            # We have already determined the user doesn't exist here
            continue

        # Get the expected error type
        error_type = net_info["errorType"]

        # Retrieve future and ensure it has finished
        future = net_info["request_future"]
        r, error_text, exception_text = get_response(
            request_future=future, error_type=error_type, social_network=social_network
        )

        # Get response time for response of our request.
        try:
            response_time = r.elapsed
        except AttributeError:
            response_time = None

        # Attempt to get request information
        try:
            http_status = r.status_code
        except Exception:
            http_status = "?"
        try:
            response_text = r.text.encode(r.encoding or "UTF-8")
        except Exception:
            response_text = ""

        query_status = QueryStatus.UNKNOWN
        error_context = None

        # As WAFs advance and evolve, they will occasionally block Sherlock and
        # lead to false positives and negatives. Fingerprints should be added
        # here to filter results that fail to bypass WAFs. Fingerprints should
        # be highly targetted. Comment at the end of each fingerprint to
        # indicate target and date fingerprinted.
        WAFHitMsgs = [
            '.loading-spinner{visibility:hidden}body.no-js .challenge-running{display:none}body.dark{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}body.dark a{color:#fff}body.dark a:hover{color:#ee730a;text-decoration:underline}body.dark .lds-ring div{border-color:#999 transparent transparent}body.dark .font-red{color:#b20f03}body.dark', # 2024-05-13 Cloudflare
            '{return l.onPageView}}),Object.defineProperty(r,"perimeterxIdentifiers",{enumerable:' # 2024-04-09 PerimeterX / Human Security
        ]

        if error_text is not None:
            error_context = error_text

        elif any(hitMsg in r.text for hitMsg in WAFHitMsgs):
            query_status = QueryStatus.WAF

        elif error_type == "message":
            # error_flag True denotes no error found in the HTML
            # error_flag False denotes error found in the HTML
            error_flag = True
            errors = net_info.get("errorMsg")
            # errors will hold the error message
            # it can be string or list
            # by isinstance method we can detect that
            # and handle the case for strings as normal procedure
            # and if its list we can iterate the errors
            if isinstance(errors, str):
                # Checks if the error message is in the HTML
                # if error is present we will set flag to False
                if errors in r.text:
                    error_flag = False
            else:
                # If it's list, it will iterate all the error message
                for error in errors:
                    if error in r.text:
                        error_flag = False
                        break
            if error_flag:
                query_status = QueryStatus.CLAIMED
            else:
                query_status = QueryStatus.AVAILABLE
        elif error_type == "status_code":
            error_codes = net_info.get("errorCode")
            query_status = QueryStatus.CLAIMED

            # Type consistency, allowing for both singlets and lists in manifest
            if isinstance(error_codes, int):
                error_codes = [error_codes]

            if error_codes is not None and r.status_code in error_codes:
                query_status = QueryStatus.AVAILABLE
            elif r.status_code >= 300 or r.status_code < 200:
                query_status = QueryStatus.AVAILABLE
        elif error_type == "response_url":
            # For this detection method, we have turned off the redirect.
            # So, there is no need to check the response URL: it will always
            # match the request.  Instead, we will ensure that the response
            # code indicates that the request was successful (i.e. no 404, or
            # forward to some odd redirect).
            if 200 <= r.status_code < 300:
                query_status = QueryStatus.CLAIMED
            else:
                query_status = QueryStatus.AVAILABLE
        else:
            # It should be impossible to ever get here...
            raise ValueError(
                f"Unknown Error Type '{error_type}' for " f"site '{social_network}'"
            )

        # Notify caller about results of query.
        result = QueryResult(
            username=username,
            site_name=social_network,
            site_url_user=url,
            status=query_status,
            query_time=response_time,
            context=error_context,
        )
        query_notify.update(result)

        # Save status of request
        results_site["status"] = result

        # Save results from request
        results_site["http_status"] = http_status
        results_site["response_text"] = response_text

        # Add this site's results into final dictionary with all of the other results.
        results_total[social_network] = results_site

    return results_total


def timeout_check(value):
    """Check Timeout Argument.

    Checks timeout for validity.

    Keyword Arguments:
    value                  -- Time in seconds to wait before timing out request.

    Return Value:
    Floating point number representing the time (in seconds) that should be
    used for the timeout.

    NOTE:  Will raise an exception if the timeout in invalid.
    """

    float_value = float(value)

    if float_value <= 0:
        raise ArgumentTypeError(
            f"Invalid timeout value: {value}. Timeout must be a positive number."
        )

    return float_value


def handler(signal_received, frame):
    """Exit gracefully without throwing errors

    Source: https://www.devdungeon.com/content/python-catch-sigint-ctrl-c
    """
    sys.exit(0)


def main():
    version_string = (
        f"%(prog)s {__version__}\n"
        + f"{requests.__description__}:  {requests.__version__}\n"
        + f"Python:  {platform.python_version()}"
    )

    parser = ArgumentParser(
        formatter_class=RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
        description=f"{module_name} (Version {__version__})",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--version",
        action="version",
        version=version_string,
        help="Display version information and dependencies.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--verbose",
        "-v",
        "-d",
        "--debug",
        action="store_true",
        dest="verbose",
        default=False,
        help="Display extra debugging information and metrics.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--folderoutput",
        "-fo",
        dest="folderoutput",
        help="If using multiple usernames, the output of the results will be saved to this folder.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--output",
        "-o",
        dest="output",
        help="If using single username, the output of the result will be saved to this file.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--tor",
        "-t",
        action="store_true",
        dest="tor",
        default=False,
        help="Make requests over Tor; increases runtime; requires Tor to be installed and in system path.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--unique-tor",
        "-u",
        action="store_true",
        dest="unique_tor",
        default=False,
        help="Make requests over Tor with new Tor circuit after each request; increases runtime; requires Tor to be installed and in system path.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--csv",
        action="store_true",
        dest="csv",
        default=False,
        help="Create Comma-Separated Values (CSV) File.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--xlsx",
        action="store_true",
        dest="xlsx",
        default=False,
        help="Create the standard file for the modern Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (xlsx).",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--site",
        action="append",
        metavar="SITE_NAME",
        dest="site_list",
        default=[],
        help="Limit analysis to just the listed sites. Add multiple options to specify more than one site.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--proxy",
        "-p",
        metavar="PROXY_URL",
        action="store",
        dest="proxy",
        default=None,
        help="Make requests over a proxy. e.g. socks5://127.0.0.1:1080",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--json",
        "-j",
        metavar="JSON_FILE",
        dest="json_file",
        default=None,
        help="Load data from a JSON file or an online, valid, JSON file.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--timeout",
        action="store",
        metavar="TIMEOUT",
        dest="timeout",
        type=timeout_check,
        default=60,
        help="Time (in seconds) to wait for response to requests (Default: 60)",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--print-all",
        action="store_true",
        dest="print_all",
        default=False,
        help="Output sites where the username was not found.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--print-found",
        action="store_true",
        dest="print_found",
        default=True,
        help="Output sites where the username was found (also if exported as file).",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--no-color",
        action="store_true",
        dest="no_color",
        default=False,
        help="Don't color terminal output",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "username",
        nargs="+",
        metavar="USERNAMES",
        action="store",
        help="One or more usernames to check with social networks. Check similar usernames using {?} (replace to '_', '-', '.').",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--browse",
        "-b",
        action="store_true",
        dest="browse",
        default=False,
        help="Browse to all results on default browser.",
    )

    parser.add_argument(
        "--local",
        "-l",
        action="store_true",
        default=False,
        help="Force the use of the local data.json file.",
    )

    parser.add_argument(
        "--nsfw",
        action="store_true",
        default=False,
        help="Include checking of NSFW sites from default list.",
    )

    args = parser.parse_args()

    # If the user presses CTRL-C, exit gracefully without throwing errors
    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, handler)

    # Check for newer version of Sherlock. If it exists, let the user know about it
    try:
        r = requests.get(
            "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sherlock-project/sherlock/master/sherlock/sherlock.py"
        )

        remote_version = str(re.findall('__version__ = "(.*)"', r.text)[0])
        local_version = __version__

        if remote_version != local_version:
            print(
                "Update Available!\n"
                + f"You are running version {local_version}. Version {remote_version} is available at https://github.com/sherlock-project/sherlock"
            )

    except Exception as error:
        print(f"A problem occurred while checking for an update: {error}")

    # Argument check
    # TODO regex check on args.proxy
    if args.tor and (args.proxy is not None):
        raise Exception("Tor and Proxy cannot be set at the same time.")

    # Make prompts
    if args.proxy is not None:
        print("Using the proxy: " + args.proxy)

    if args.tor or args.unique_tor:
        print("Using Tor to make requests")

        print(
            "Warning: some websites might refuse connecting over Tor, so note that using this option might increase connection errors."
        )

    if args.no_color:
        # Disable color output.
        init(strip=True, convert=False)
    else:
        # Enable color output.
        init(autoreset=True)

    # Check if both output methods are entered as input.
    if args.output is not None and args.folderoutput is not None:
        print("You can only use one of the output methods.")
        sys.exit(1)

    # Check validity for single username output.
    if args.output is not None and len(args.username) != 1:
        print("You can only use --output with a single username")
        sys.exit(1)

    # Create object with all information about sites we are aware of.
    try:
        if args.local:
            sites = SitesInformation(
                os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "resources/data.json")
            )
        else:
            sites = SitesInformation(args.json_file)
    except Exception as error:
        print(f"ERROR:  {error}")
        sys.exit(1)

    if not args.nsfw:
        sites.remove_nsfw_sites(do_not_remove=args.site_list)

    # Create original dictionary from SitesInformation() object.
    # Eventually, the rest of the code will be updated to use the new object
    # directly, but this will glue the two pieces together.
    site_data_all = {site.name: site.information for site in sites}
    if args.site_list == []:
        # Not desired to look at a sub-set of sites
        site_data = site_data_all
    else:
        # User desires to selectively run queries on a sub-set of the site list.
        # Make sure that the sites are supported & build up pruned site database.
        site_data = {}
        site_missing = []
        for site in args.site_list:
            counter = 0
            for existing_site in site_data_all:
                if site.lower() == existing_site.lower():
                    site_data[existing_site] = site_data_all[existing_site]
                    counter += 1
            if counter == 0:
                # Build up list of sites not supported for future error message.
                site_missing.append(f"'{site}'")

        if site_missing:
            print(f"Error: Desired sites not found: {', '.join(site_missing)}.")

        if not site_data:
            sys.exit(1)

    # Create notify object for query results.
    query_notify = QueryNotifyPrint(
        result=None, verbose=args.verbose, print_all=args.print_all, browse=args.browse
    )

    # Run report on all specified users.
    all_usernames = []
    for username in args.username:
        if check_for_parameter(username):
            for name in multiple_usernames(username):
                all_usernames.append(name)
        else:
            all_usernames.append(username)
    for username in all_usernames:
        results = sherlock(
            username,
            site_data,
            query_notify,
            tor=args.tor,
            unique_tor=args.unique_tor,
            proxy=args.proxy,
            timeout=args.timeout,
        )

        if args.output:
            result_file = args.output
        elif args.folderoutput:
            # The usernames results should be stored in a targeted folder.
            # If the folder doesn't exist, create it first
            os.makedirs(args.folderoutput, exist_ok=True)
            result_file = os.path.join(args.folderoutput, f"{username}.txt")
        else:
            result_file = f"{username}.txt"

        with open(result_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as file:
            exists_counter = 0
            for website_name in results:
                dictionary = results[website_name]
                if dictionary.get("status").status == QueryStatus.CLAIMED:
                    exists_counter += 1
                    file.write(dictionary["url_user"] + "\n")
            file.write(f"Total Websites Username Detected On : {exists_counter}\n")

        if args.csv:
            result_file = f"{username}.csv"
            if args.folderoutput:
                # The usernames results should be stored in a targeted folder.
                # If the folder doesn't exist, create it first
                os.makedirs(args.folderoutput, exist_ok=True)
                result_file = os.path.join(args.folderoutput, result_file)

            with open(result_file, "w", newline="", encoding="utf-8") as csv_report:
                writer = csv.writer(csv_report)
                writer.writerow(
                    [
                        "username",
                        "name",
                        "url_main",
                        "url_user",
                        "exists",
                        "http_status",
                        "response_time_s",
                    ]
                )
                for site in results:
                    if (
                        args.print_found
                        and not args.print_all
                        and results[site]["status"].status != QueryStatus.CLAIMED
                    ):
                        continue

                    response_time_s = results[site]["status"].query_time
                    if response_time_s is None:
                        response_time_s = ""
                    writer.writerow(
                        [
                            username,
                            site,
                            results[site]["url_main"],
                            results[site]["url_user"],
                            str(results[site]["status"].status),
                            results[site]["http_status"],
                            response_time_s,
                        ]
                    )
        if args.xlsx:
            usernames = []
            names = []
            url_main = []
            url_user = []
            exists = []
            http_status = []
            response_time_s = []

            for site in results:
                if (
                    args.print_found
                    and not args.print_all
                    and results[site]["status"].status != QueryStatus.CLAIMED
                ):
                    continue

                if response_time_s is None:
                    response_time_s.append("")
                else:
                    response_time_s.append(results[site]["status"].query_time)
                usernames.append(username)
                names.append(site)
                url_main.append(results[site]["url_main"])
                url_user.append(results[site]["url_user"])
                exists.append(str(results[site]["status"].status))
                http_status.append(results[site]["http_status"])

            DataFrame = pd.DataFrame(
                {
                    "username": usernames,
                    "name": names,
                    "url_main": url_main,
                    "url_user": url_user,
                    "exists": exists,
                    "http_status": http_status,
                    "response_time_s": response_time_s,
                }
            )
            DataFrame.to_excel(f"{username}.xlsx", sheet_name="sheet1", index=False)

        print()
    query_notify.finish()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
