/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.lucene.misc;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Locale;
import org.apache.lucene.index.DirectoryReader;
import org.apache.lucene.index.FieldInfos;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;
import org.apache.lucene.index.MultiTerms;
import org.apache.lucene.index.Terms;
import org.apache.lucene.index.TermsEnum;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.util.BytesRef;
import org.apache.lucene.util.PriorityQueue;
import org.apache.lucene.util.SuppressForbidden;

/**
 * <code>HighFreqTerms</code> class extracts the top n most frequent terms (by document frequency)
 * from an existing Lucene index and reports their document frequency.
 *
 * <p>If the -t flag is given, both document frequency and total tf (total number of occurrences)
 * are reported, ordered by descending total tf.
 */
public class HighFreqTerms {

  // The top numTerms will be displayed
  public static final int DEFAULT_NUMTERMS = 100;

  @SuppressForbidden(reason = "System.out required: command line tool")
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    String field = null;
    int numTerms = DEFAULT_NUMTERMS;

    if (args.length == 0 || args.length > 4) {
      usage();
      System.exit(1);
    }

    Directory dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get(args[0]));

    Comparator<TermStats> comparator = new DocFreqComparator();

    for (int i = 1; i < args.length; i++) {
      if (args[i].equals("-t")) {
        comparator = new TotalTermFreqComparator();
      } else {
        try {
          numTerms = Integer.parseInt(args[i]);
        } catch (
            @SuppressWarnings("unused")
            NumberFormatException e) {
          field = args[i];
        }
      }
    }

    IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
    TermStats[] terms = getHighFreqTerms(reader, numTerms, field, comparator);

    for (int i = 0; i < terms.length; i++) {
      System.out.printf(
          Locale.ROOT,
          "%s:%s \t totalTF = %,d \t docFreq = %,d \n",
          terms[i].field,
          terms[i].termtext.utf8ToString(),
          terms[i].totalTermFreq,
          terms[i].docFreq);
    }
    reader.close();
  }

  @SuppressForbidden(reason = "System.out required: command line tool")
  private static void usage() {
    System.out.println(
        "\n\n"
            + "java org.apache.lucene.misc.HighFreqTerms <index dir> [-t] [number_terms] [field]\n\t -t: order by totalTermFreq\n\n");
  }

  /** Returns TermStats[] ordered by the specified comparator */
  public static TermStats[] getHighFreqTerms(
      IndexReader reader, int numTerms, String field, Comparator<TermStats> comparator)
      throws Exception {
    TermStatsQueue tiq = null;

    if (field != null) {
      Terms terms = MultiTerms.getTerms(reader, field);
      if (terms == null) {
        throw new RuntimeException("field " + field + " not found");
      }

      TermsEnum termsEnum = terms.iterator();
      tiq = new TermStatsQueue(numTerms, comparator);
      tiq.fill(field, termsEnum);
    } else {
      Collection<String> fields = FieldInfos.getIndexedFields(reader);
      if (fields.size() == 0) {
        throw new RuntimeException("no fields found for this index");
      }
      tiq = new TermStatsQueue(numTerms, comparator);
      for (String fieldName : fields) {
        Terms terms = MultiTerms.getTerms(reader, fieldName);
        if (terms != null) {
          tiq.fill(fieldName, terms.iterator());
        }
      }
    }

    TermStats[] result = new TermStats[tiq.size()];
    // we want highest first so we read the queue and populate the array
    // starting at the end and work backwards
    int count = tiq.size() - 1;
    while (tiq.size() != 0) {
      result[count] = tiq.pop();
      count--;
    }
    return result;
  }

  /** Compares terms by docTermFreq */
  public static final class DocFreqComparator implements Comparator<TermStats> {

    @Override
    public int compare(TermStats a, TermStats b) {
      int res = Long.compare(a.docFreq, b.docFreq);
      if (res == 0) {
        res = a.field.compareTo(b.field);
        if (res == 0) {
          res = a.termtext.compareTo(b.termtext);
        }
      }
      return res;
    }
  }

  /** Compares terms by totalTermFreq */
  public static final class TotalTermFreqComparator implements Comparator<TermStats> {

    @Override
    public int compare(TermStats a, TermStats b) {
      int res = Long.compare(a.totalTermFreq, b.totalTermFreq);
      if (res == 0) {
        res = a.field.compareTo(b.field);
        if (res == 0) {
          res = a.termtext.compareTo(b.termtext);
        }
      }
      return res;
    }
  }

  /** Priority queue for TermStats objects */
  static final class TermStatsQueue extends PriorityQueue<TermStats> {
    final Comparator<TermStats> comparator;

    TermStatsQueue(int size, Comparator<TermStats> comparator) {
      super(size);
      this.comparator = comparator;
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean lessThan(TermStats termInfoA, TermStats termInfoB) {
      return comparator.compare(termInfoA, termInfoB) < 0;
    }

    protected void fill(String field, TermsEnum termsEnum) throws IOException {
      BytesRef term = null;
      while ((term = termsEnum.next()) != null) {
        insertWithOverflow(
            new TermStats(field, term, termsEnum.docFreq(), termsEnum.totalTermFreq()));
      }
    }
  }
}
