//  ************************************************************************************************
//
//  BornAgain: simulate and fit reflection and scattering
//
//! @file      Img3D/Build/ParacrystalLatticePositions.cpp
//! @brief     Implements function Paracrystal::latticePositions.
//!
//! @homepage  http://www.bornagainproject.org
//! @license   GNU General Public License v3 or higher (see COPYING)
//! @copyright Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 2018
//! @authors   Scientific Computing Group at MLZ (see CITATION, AUTHORS)
//
//  ************************************************************************************************

#include "Img3D/Build/ParacrystalLatticePositions.h"
#include "Base/Util/Assert.h"
#include "Sample/Aggregate/Interference2DParacrystal.h"

namespace {

void ResizeLatticePositions(std::vector<std::vector<double>>& lattice_positions, double l1,
                            double l2, double layer_size)
{
    // Estimate the limit n1 and n2 of the integer multiple j and i of the lattice vectors l1 and l2
    // required for populating particles correctly within the 3D model's boundaries
    int n1 = 0, n2 = 0;
    n1 = l1 == 0.0 ? 2 : static_cast<int>(layer_size * 2 / l1);
    n2 = l2 == 0.0 ? 2 : static_cast<int>(layer_size * 2 / l2);

    n1 = std::max(n1, n2);

    lattice_positions.resize((2 * n1 + 1) * (2 * n1 + 1));
    for (auto& it : lattice_positions)
        it.resize(2);

    lattice_positions[0][0] = 0.0; // x coordinate of reference particle - at the origin
    lattice_positions[0][1] = 0.0; // y coordinate of reference particle - at the origin
}

void FindLatticePositionsIndex(size_t& index, size_t& index_prev, int i, int j, int size,
                               double l_alpha)
{
    int newindex = i * (2 * size + 1) + j;
    ASSERT(newindex > 0);
    index = newindex;

    if (std::sin(l_alpha) == 0) { // along l1
        // particles along +l1 stored every odd iter (e.g. 1,3,5...) index of lattice_positions
        // particles along -l1 stored every even iter (e.g. 2,4,6...) index of lattice_positions
        index_prev = i * (2 * size + 1);
        if (j - 2 > 0)
            index_prev = index - 2;
    } else { // along l2
        // particles along +l2/-l2 stored every (odd/even iter)*(2*n1+1) index of lattice_positions
        index_prev = j;
        if (i - 2 > 0)
            index_prev = index - (2 * (2 * size + 1));
    }
}

std::pair<double, double> ComputePositionAlongPositiveLatticeVector(
    const size_t index_prev, std::vector<std::vector<double>>& lattice_positions,
    const IProfile2D* pdf, double l, double l_xi, double l_alpha)
{
    double gamma_pdf = pdf->gamma();
    std::pair<double, double> sampleXYpdf = pdf->createSampler()->randomSample();

    double offset_x_pdf = sampleXYpdf.first;
    double offset_y_pdf = sampleXYpdf.second;

    double x = lattice_positions[index_prev][0] + l * std::cos(l_xi + l_alpha)
               + offset_x_pdf * std::cos(gamma_pdf + l_xi)
               + offset_y_pdf * std::cos((pi / 2) + gamma_pdf + l_xi); // x coordinate
    double y = lattice_positions[index_prev][1] + l * std::sin(l_xi + l_alpha)
               + offset_x_pdf * std::sin(gamma_pdf + l_xi)
               + offset_y_pdf * std::sin((pi / 2) + gamma_pdf + l_xi); // y coordinate

    return std::make_pair(x, y);
}

std::pair<double, double> ComputePositionAlongNegativeLatticeVector(
    const size_t index_prev, std::vector<std::vector<double>>& lattice_positions,
    const IProfile2D* pdf, double l, double l_xi, double l_alpha)
{
    double gamma_pdf = pdf->gamma();
    std::pair<double, double> sampleXYpdf = pdf->createSampler()->randomSample();

    double offset_x_pdf = sampleXYpdf.first;
    double offset_y_pdf = sampleXYpdf.second;

    double x = lattice_positions[index_prev][0] - l * std::cos(l_xi + l_alpha)
               + offset_x_pdf * std::cos(gamma_pdf + l_xi)
               + offset_y_pdf * std::cos((pi / 2) + gamma_pdf + l_xi); // x coordinate
    double y = lattice_positions[index_prev][1] - l * std::sin(l_xi + l_alpha)
               + offset_x_pdf * std::sin(gamma_pdf + l_xi)
               + offset_y_pdf * std::sin((pi / 2) + gamma_pdf + l_xi); // y coordinate

    return std::make_pair(x, y);
}

std::pair<double, double>
ComputeLatticePosition(const size_t index_prev, int i, int j,
                       std::vector<std::vector<double>>& lattice_positions, const IProfile2D* pdf,
                       double l, double l_xi, double l_alpha)
{
    if (std::sin(l_alpha) == 0) {
        if (!(j % 2 == 0)) // along +l1
            return ComputePositionAlongPositiveLatticeVector(index_prev, lattice_positions, pdf, l,
                                                             l_xi, 0);
        // else along -l1
        return ComputePositionAlongNegativeLatticeVector(index_prev, lattice_positions, pdf, l,
                                                         l_xi, 0);
    }
    if (!(i % 2 == 0)) // along +l2
        return ComputePositionAlongPositiveLatticeVector(index_prev, lattice_positions, pdf, l,
                                                         l_xi, l_alpha);
    // else along -l2
    return ComputePositionAlongNegativeLatticeVector(index_prev, lattice_positions, pdf, l, l_xi,
                                                     l_alpha);
}

void ComputePositionsAlongLatticeVectorAxes(std::vector<std::vector<double>>& lattice_positions,
                                            const IProfile2D* pdf, double l, double l_xi,
                                            double l_alpha)
{
    int n = static_cast<int>((std::sqrt(lattice_positions.size()) - 1) / 2);

    size_t index = 0;      // lattice_positions index for current particle
    size_t index_prev = 0; // lattice_positions index for previous particle

    std::pair<double, double> xy;

    for (int iter = 1; iter <= 2 * n; ++iter) {
        int iterl1, iterl2;

        if (std::sin(l_alpha) == 0) {
            iterl1 = iter;
            iterl2 = 0;
        } else {
            iterl1 = 0;
            iterl2 = iter;
        }

        // The 2*n+1 particles that are situated ONLY along the l1 axis (both +/- axes)
        // are stored in i = 1,2,3,...2*n1 indices of lattice_positions

        // The 2*n+1 particles that are situated ONLY along the l2 axis (both +/- axes)
        // are stored every i*(2*n1+1) index of lattice_positions

        FindLatticePositionsIndex(index, index_prev, iterl2, iterl1, n, l_alpha);
        xy = ComputeLatticePosition(index_prev, iterl2, iterl1, lattice_positions, pdf, l, l_xi,
                                    l_alpha);

        lattice_positions[index][0] = xy.first;  // x coordinate
        lattice_positions[index][1] = xy.second; // y coordinate
    }
}

void ComputePositionsInsideLatticeQuadrants(std::vector<std::vector<double>>& lattice_positions,
                                            const IProfile2D* pdf1, const IProfile2D* pdf2,
                                            double l1, double l2, double l_xi, double l_alpha)
{
    int n = static_cast<int>((std::sqrt(lattice_positions.size()) - 1) / 2);

    size_t index = 0;      // lattice_positions index for current particle
    size_t index_prev = 0; // lattice_positions index for previous particle

    std::pair<double, double> xy_l1, xy_l2;

    for (int i = 1; i <= 2 * n; ++i) {
        for (int j = 1; j <= 2 * n; ++j) {
            FindLatticePositionsIndex(index, index_prev, i, j, n, 0);
            xy_l1 = ComputeLatticePosition(index_prev, i, j, lattice_positions, pdf1, l1, l_xi, 0);

            FindLatticePositionsIndex(index, index_prev, i, j, n, l_alpha);
            xy_l2 = ComputeLatticePosition(index_prev, i, j, lattice_positions, pdf2, l2, l_xi,
                                           l_alpha);

            lattice_positions[index][0] = (xy_l1.first + xy_l2.first) / 2;
            lattice_positions[index][1] = (xy_l1.second + xy_l2.second) / 2;
        }
    }
}

} // namespace


//  ************************************************************************************************
//  implement namespace Img3D::Paracrystal2D
//  ************************************************************************************************

std::vector<std::vector<double>>
Paracrystal::latticePositions(const Interference2DParacrystal* p_iff, double layer_size)
{
    const auto& lattice = p_iff->lattice();
    double l1 = lattice.length1();
    double l2 = lattice.length2();
    double alpha = lattice.latticeAngle();
    double xi = lattice.rotationAngle();

    std::vector<std::vector<double>> lattice_positions;
    ResizeLatticePositions(lattice_positions, l1, l2, layer_size);

    ComputePositionsAlongLatticeVectorAxes(lattice_positions, p_iff->pdf1(), l1, xi, 0);

    ComputePositionsAlongLatticeVectorAxes(lattice_positions, p_iff->pdf2(), l2, xi, alpha);

    ComputePositionsInsideLatticeQuadrants(lattice_positions, p_iff->pdf1(), p_iff->pdf2(), l1, l2,
                                           xi, alpha);

    return lattice_positions;
}
